1374027-58-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution of unactivated fluoroarenes enabled by organic photoredox catalysis
Nicewicz, David A.,Pistritto, Vincent A.,Schutzbach-Horton, Megan E.
supporting information, p. 17187 - 17194 (2020/11/02)
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) is a classical reaction with well-known reactivity toward electron-poor fluoroarenes. However, electron-neutral and electron-rich fluoro(hetero)arenes are considerably underrepresented. Herein, we present a method for the nucleophilic defluorination of unactivated fluoroarenes enabled by cation radical-accelerated nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The use of organic photoredox catalysis renders this method operationally simple under mild conditions and is amenable to various nucleophile classes, including azoles, amines, and carboxylic acids. Select fluorinated heterocycles can be functionalized using this method. In addition, the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals is also presented. Computational studies demonstrate that the site selectivity of the reaction is dictated by arene electronics.
Direct Aryl C?H Amination with Primary Amines Using Organic Photoredox Catalysis
Margrey, Kaila A.,Levens, Alison,Nicewicz, David A.
supporting information, p. 15644 - 15648 (2017/11/20)
The direct catalytic C?H amination of arenes is a powerful synthetic strategy with useful applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials chemistry. Despite the advances in catalytic C?H functionalization, the use of aliphatic amine coupling partners is limited. Described herein is the construction of C?N bonds, using primary amines, by direct C?H functionalization with an acridinium photoredox catalyst under an aerobic atmosphere. A wide variety of primary amines, including amino acids and more complex amines are competent coupling partners. Various electron-rich aromatics and heteroaromatics are useful scaffolds in this reaction, as are complex, biologically active arenes. We also describe the ability to functionalize arenes that are not oxidized by an acridinium catalyst, such as benzene and toluene, thus supporting a reactive amine cation radical intermediate.
Synthesis of some n-aryl α-Amino acids using diaryliodonium salts
Mckerrow, Jason D.,Al-Rawi, Jasim M.,Brooks, Peter
, p. 1227 - 1236 (2012/09/22)
Bis[(3'-methoxycarbonyl)phenyl]iodonium bromide (4a), bis (4'-methoxyphenyl)iodonium iodide (4b) and bis (4'-acetamidophenyl)iodonium iodide (4c) were employed for the first time in the arylation of α-amino acid methyl esters. Yields of the synthesised products 5, 6 and 7 were good to high. These were then hydrolyzed to the corresponding N-aryl α-amino acids 8 and 9. The chiral integrity of the amino acids was maintained throughout the reaction sequence as confirmed by the synthesis of chiral tripeptide 10 and dipeptides 11. The structures of the new compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H and 13C NMR in addition to CHN microanalysis or high resolution mass spectrometry.
