138507-65-0

Usage

Uses

Used in Environmental Monitoring and Human Health Assessment:
2,3,4-Tribromophenol is used as a biomarker for [detecting human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)] because of its association with these chemicals. The presence of 2,3,4-tribromophenol in human samples can indicate exposure to PBDEs, which are known to have adverse effects on human health and the environment.
Used in Chemical Research and Analysis:
2,3,4-Tribromophenol is used as a research compound for [studying the metabolism and toxicology of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)]. Understanding the metabolic pathways and potential health impacts of PBDEs is crucial for developing strategies to reduce human exposure and mitigate their environmental and health risks.
Used in Industrial Chemical Analysis:
In the chemical industry, 2,3,4-tribromophenol is used as an analytical compound for [identifying and quantifying the presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in various products and materials]. This information is essential for compliance with regulations and guidelines related to the use and disposal of flame retardants and other materials containing PBDEs.
Used in Toxicology Studies:
2,3,4-Tribromophenol is used as a test compound in toxicology studies for [evaluating the potential health risks associated with exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)]. These studies help to determine the safety of materials containing PBDEs and inform the development of safer alternatives.
Used in Environmental Remediation:
2,3,4-Tribromophenol can be used as a target compound in environmental remediation efforts for [cleaning up contaminated sites and reducing the release of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) into the environment]. By focusing on the removal of 2,3,4-tribromophenol and other related compounds, these efforts can help to mitigate the environmental impact of PBDEs.

Upstream product

• 591-20-8 3-Bromophenol 
• 79-15-2 N-bromoacetamide 
• 108-95-2 phenol 
• 7726-95-6 bromine 
• 64-19-7 acetic acid 
• 642-95-5 2,3,4-tribromoaniline 
• 615-56-5 3,4-dibromophenol 
• 886748-36-3 2,3,4-tribromophenyl acetate 

Downstream Products

• 95970-13-1 2,3,4-tribromo-anisole 
• 108-86-1 bromobenzene 
• 108-95-2 phenol 
• 136819-57-3 2,3,4-Tribromo-6-phenylazo-phenol 
• 138507-64-9 2,3,4-Tribromo-6-(4-bromo-phenylazo)-phenol 
• 182677-30-1 2,2',3,4,4'5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether 
• 860734-01-6 2,3,4-tribromo-6-nitro-anisole 
• 876487-15-9 2,3,4-tribromo-6-chloro-phenol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs); preparation of reference standards and fluorinated internal analytical standards

Four new difluorinated tetra- and pentabromo BDE internal standards for GC-MS/GC-ECD analysis, 2F-BDE 47, 2F-BDE 85, 2F-BDE 99 and 2F-BDE 119, have been prepared in 98-99.0% purity, mainly by coupling of the new tribromodifluorophenols (19-21) and symmetr

Preparation of non-hazardous brominating reagents

The present invention relates to a non-hazardous brominating reagent from an aqueous alkaline bromine byproduct solution obtained from bromine recovery plant and containing 25 to 35% bromine dissolved in aqueous lime or sodium hydroxide containing alkali bromide and alkali bromate mixture having bromide to bromate stoichiometric ratio in the range of 5:1 to 5.1:1 or 2:1 to 2.1:1 and a pH ranging between 8-12 and also relates to a method for borminating aromatic compounds by using the above brominating agent

Identification of hydroxylated PCB metabolites and other phenolic halogenated pollutants in human blood plasma

A growing number of studies have reported phenolic halogenated compounds (PHCs) that are retained in the blood of humans and wildlife. These PHCs may be industrial chemicals; metabolites thereof, as in the case with polychlorobiphenylols (OH-PCBs); or of natural origin. The present study was aimed to identify hitherto unknown PHCs in human plasma with chemical structures that are consistent to PHCs known to possess endocrine-disrupting activity. For this purpose, samples of blood plasma from 10 randomly selected male blood donors from Sweden were pooled and analyzed by GC/ECD and GC/MS. Brominated, bromochlorinated, and chlorinated methyl derivatives of phenols and OH-PCBs were synthesized to be used as authentic reference standards. More than 100 PHCs were indicated in the plasma, and among those a total of 9 monocyclic brominated or chlorinated phenol-, guaiacol-, and/or catechol-type compounds were identified as their methylated derivatives. The two major compounds were 2,4,6-tribromophenol and pentachlorophenol. Thirty-eight OH-PCB congeners were structurally identified on two GC columns of different polarity. The origin of the OH-PCB metabolites in the context of their parent PCB congeners are suggested. Other PHCs identified in the male plasma were Triclosan (5-chloro-2-[2,4-dichlorophenoxy] phenol), a common bactericide; 4-hydroxy-heptachlorostyrene, a metabolite of octachlorostyrene; and 3,5-dibromo-2-(2,4-dibromophenoxy)phenol, a natural compound and a potential metabolite of polybrominated diphenyl ethers.

Synthesis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their capacity to induce CYP1A by the Ah receptor mediated pathway

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have become widely distributed as environmental contaminants due to their use as flame retardants. Their structural similarity to other halogenated aromatic pollutants has led to speculation that they might share toxicological properties such as hepatic enzyme induction. In this work we synthesized a number of PBDE congeners, studied their affinity for rat hepatic Ah receptor through competitive binding assays, and determined their ability to induce hepatic cytochrome P-450 enzymes by means of EROD (ethoxyre-sorufin-O-deethylase) assays in human, rat, chick, and rainbow trout cells. Both pure PBDE congeners and commercial PBDE mixtures had Ah receptor binding affinities 10-2-10-5 times that of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. In contrast with polychlorinated biphenyls, Ah receptor binding affinities of PBDEs could not be related to the planarity of the molecule, possibly because the large size of the bromine atoms expands the Ah receptor's binding site. EROD activities of the PBDE congeners followed a similar rank order in all cells. Some congeners, notably PBDE 85, did not follow the usual trend in which strength of Ah receptor binding affinity paralleled P-450 induction potency. Use of the gel retardation assay with a synthetic oligonucleotide indicated that in these cases the liganded Ah receptor failed to bind to the DNA recognition sequence.

Agent for protecting sawn timber

The present invention relates to an agent or concentrate for protecting sawn timber against wood-discolouring fungi, containing a fungicide on phenol basis and a fungicide on organo-iodine basis, optionally fungicides and insecticides, dissolved in an organochemical solvent or solvent mixture or in a mixture of water and organochemical solvent or solvent mixture and at least one emulsifier.