14464-46-1

Usage

Uses

Because of its unique physical and chemical properties, crystalline silica has many uses. Commercially produced silica products include quartzite, tripoli, ganister, chert, and novaculite. Crystalline silica also occurs in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, quartz, tridymite, and, in its most common form, sand (IARC 1997). Naturally occurring silica materials are classified by end use or industry. Sand and gravel are produced almost exclusively for road building and concrete construction, depending on particle size and shape, surface texture, and porosity (IARC 1987).

Definition

Different sources of media describe the Definition of 14464-46-1 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. A hygroscopic substance such as activated alumina, calcium chloride, silica gel, or zinc chloride. Such substances adsorb water vapor from the air and are used to maintain a dry atmosphere in containers for food packaging, chemical reagents, etc.
2. Cristobalite: a mineral form of silicon(IV) oxide, SiO2.

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Poison by intratracheal route. An inhalation hazard. Human systemic effects by inhalation: cough, dyspnea, fibrosis. About twice as toxic as silica in causing sihcosis. See also other sdica entries

Potential Exposure

Cristobalite is used in the manufacture of water glass, refractories, abrasives, ceramics and enamels. Quartz is used as a mineral, natural or synthetic fiber. Tridymite is used as a filtering and insulating media and as a refractory material for furnace linings. Workers are potentially exposed to crystalline silica in such industries as granite quarrying and cutting, foundry operations; metal, coal, dentistry, painting, and nonmetallic mining; and manufacture of clay and glass products.

Carcinogenicity

Respirable crystalline silica, primarily quartz dusts occurring in industrial and occupational settings, is known to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in humans. Respirable crystalline silica was first listed in the Sixth Annual Report on Carcinogens in 1991 as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals; the listing was revised to known to be a human carcinogen in the Ninth Report on Carcinogens in 2000.

Incompatibilities

Violent reactions with powerful oxidizers: fluorine, chlorine trifluoride; manganese trioxide; oxygen difluoride, hydrogen peroxide, etc.; acetylene; ammonia.

Waste Disposal

Sanitary landfill

InChI:InChI=1/H2O5Si2/c1-6(2)5-7(3)4/h1,3H

Upstream product

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Downstream Products

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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

CYCLOBUTYL AMIDE MONOACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE MODULATORS

Compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, N-oxides, solvates, and stereoisomers thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods of making them, and methods of using them including methods for treating disease states, disorders, and conditions associated with MGL modulation, such as those associated with pain, psychiatric disorders, neurological disorders (including, but not limited to depression, major depressive disorder, treatment resistant depression, anxious depression, autism spectrum disorders, Asperger syndrome, and bipolar disorder), cancers and eye conditions: wherein R1, , R3, and L are as defined herein.

Non-Cryogenic, Ammonia-Free Reduction of Aryl Compounds

A method of reducing an aromatic ring or a cyclic, allylic ether in a compound includes preparing a reaction mixture including a compound including an aromatic moiety or a cyclic, allylic ether moiety, an alkali metal, and either ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, or a combination thereof, in an ether solvent; and reacting the reaction mixture at from ?20° C. to 30° C. for a time sufficient to reduce a double bond in the aromatic moiety to a single bond or to reduce the cyclic, allylic ether moiety.

COMPOUND FOR INHIBITING PGE2/EP4 SIGNALING TRANSDUCTION INHIBITING, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR, AND MEDICAL USES THEREOF

A compound of formula (I), a preparation method therefor, a pharmaceutical composition containing a derivative thereof, and the therapeutic uses thereof, especially inhibiting PGE2/EP4 signalling transduction and the uses thereof for treating cancer, acute or chronic pain, migraine, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis, ankylosing spondylitis, primary dysmenorrhea, tumour or arteriosclerosis.

CROSSLINKED ARTIFICIAL NUCLEIC ACID ALNA

The present invention provides a novel bridged artificial nucleic acid and an oligomer containing the same as a monomer. The present invention provides specifically a compound represented by general formula (I) (wherein each symbol is the same as defined in the specification) or salts thereof; as well as an oligonucleotide compound represented by general formula (I′) (wherein each symbol is the same as defined in the specification) or salts thereof.

TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE NANO SILVER CONTROLLED-RELEASE SMART ANTIBACTERIAL COATING AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR

This present invention discloses a temperature-sensitive nano-silver controlled release antibacterial coating composite, which is comprises: water, acrylic, polyurethane resin, temperature-sensitive nano-silver controlled release antibacterial agent, dispersant, curing agent, defoamer, filming additive and leveling agent. By adsorbing nano silver particles into the pores of mesoporous SiO2 modified by poly N-isopropyl acrylamide, we successfully prepared a temperature-sensitive nano-silver controlled release antibacterial agent. By adding the prepared agent to the conventional coating composite, we achieved “on-off” control of the antibacterial properties of coating composite. Through the control of temperature, the release of nano-silver in the mesoporous nano-silica of the coating film layer is controlled. This control method is not only to protect the nano-silver, but also to adjust the strength of the anti-bacterial properties according to the actual demands and improve the use-efficiency of nano silver particles. This invention is in line with the new concept of “Intelligent Age” in the 21st century.

BICYCLIC HETEROARYL COMPOUNDS AND USES THEREOF FOR THE MODULATION OF HEMOGLOBIN

Provide herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions suitable as modulators of hemoglobin, methods and intermediates for their preparation, and methods for their use in treating disorders mediated by hemoglobin and disorders that would benefit from tissue and/or cellular oxygenation.

Thermoreversible reactions on inorganic nanoparticle surfaces: Diels-alder reactions on sterically crowded surfaces

Organically surface-functionalized nanoparticles are important cross-linkers for nanocomposites. In the past, many cross-linking reactions were based on simple radical additions. However, novel smart materials require reversible reactions. These reactions, such as the Diels-Alder reaction, often have a specific sterical demand, e.g., a six-centered transition state. In this study, 5 nm silica particles were functionalized with maleimide groups, and their reactivity with regard to Diels-Alder reactions were investigated, applying various techniques. A new method for the surface modification of silica nanoparticles is presented, minimizing agglomeration in organic solvents and thus increasing the accessibility of the functional groups on the particle surface. Kinetic studies of substituted model compounds were carried out to evaluate the reactivity of the maleimide functionality. The Diels-Alder reaction between 2,5-dimethylfuran and N-propylmaleimide, N-ethyl(N-propylcarbamato) maleimide, and N-phenylmaleimide was followed by UV/Vis spectroscopy. The reaction rate increases in this order, showing the effect of maleimide substitution. Afterwards N-((3-triethoxysilyl)propyl)maleimide was used to graft maleimidopropyl functional groups onto the nanoparticle surface. 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane, which could then be reacted with 1,1′-(methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bismaleimide, was used to attach phenyl-substituted maleimide functionality to the surface. 3- Isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane introduced the electron-drawing carbamato functionality into the system. The surface coverage of the samples was characterized applying CHN analysis, TGA-FTIR coupling, and FTIR spectroscopy. All analytical methods revealed that the functional groups are covalently bonded to the silica surface and the maleimide rings remain intact. Diels-Alder reactions of the surface groups show that the reactivity of the molecules attached to the particles depends on sterical crowding, but the reaction rate is not significantly changed by surface effects.

NANOPARTICLES THAT PREFERENTIALLY ASSOCIATE WITH AND KILL DISEASED CELLS FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS

Of the many compositions and methods provided herein, one composition includes a nanoparticle having a first oxide of a first metal and a dopant that includes an ion or an atom of a second metal. A method includes a method comprising providing a plurality of nanoparticles comprising a first oxide of a first metal and a dopant that comprises an ion or an atom of a second metal; providing a diseased cell and a healthy cell; contacting the diseased cell and the healthy cell with the nanoparticle; and allowing the nanoparticle to preferentially associate with the diseased cell.

INHIBITORS OF HEMOPOIETIC CELL KINASE (P59-HCK) AND THEIR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLUENZA INFECTION

The present invention relates inter alia to the treatment or prevention of influenza virus infection (including subtypes influenza A virus, influenza B virus, avian strain H5N1, A/H1N1, H3N2 and/or pandemic influenza) using compounds which inhibit the activity of p59-HCK and to a method of screening for a candidate drug substance intended to prevent or treat influenza virus infection in a subject, said method comprising identifying a test substance capable of inhibiting p59-HCK activity.

Compounds and Compositions as Protein Kinase Inhibitors

The present invention provides compounds of Formula I or II: wherein R1, R1b, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are defined herein. The compounds of Formula (I) or (II) and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful for the treatment of B-Raf-associated diseases.