14804-34-3

Upstream product

• 104-92-7 1-bromo-4-methoxy-benzene 
• 507-20-0 tertiary butyl chloride 
• 2944-48-1 2-tert-butylanisole 
• 88-18-6 2-tert-Butylphenol 
• 10323-39-4 4-bromo-2-tert-butylphenol 
• 74-88-4 methyl iodide 

Downstream Products

• 196960-96-0 3-(t-butyl)-4-methoxyphenyl boronic acid 
• 66737-89-1 3-(tert-butyl)-4-methoxybenzoic acid 
• 1232361-30-6 N-[4-[(E)-2-[3-tert-butyl-2-methoxy-5-(6-oxo-1H-pyridazin-5-yl)phenyl]vinyl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide 
• 1428318-94-8 (R,R)-bis(5-(tri-tert-butylbenzene)-3-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine 
• 1428941-80-3 3-(3-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methoxypyridine 
• 1206770-90-2 3-(3-tert-butyl-4-methoxy-phenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-one 
• 345306-28-7 5,6-Bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)acenaphthtene 
• 303764-14-9 5,6-Bis(3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenyl)acenaphthene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Determining the Conformational Landscape of σ and π Coupling Using para-Phenylene and "Aviram-Ratner" Bridges

The torsional dependence of donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) electronic coupling matrix elements (HDA, determined from the magnetic exchange coupling, J) involving a spin SD = 1/2 metal semiquinone (Zn-SQ) donor and a spin SA

CYCLOBUTYL AMIDE MONOACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE MODULATORS

Compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isotopes, N-oxides, solvates, and stereoisomers thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods of making them, and methods of using them including methods for treating disease states, disorders, and conditions associated with MGL modulation, such as those associated with pain, psychiatric disorders, neurological disorders (including, but not limited to depression, major depressive disorder, treatment resistant depression, anxious depression, autism spectrum disorders, Asperger syndrome, and bipolar disorder), cancers and eye conditions: wherein R1, , R3, and L are as defined herein.

Desymmetric enantioselective reduction of cyclic 1,3-diketones catalyzed by a recyclable p-chiral phosphinamide organocatalyst

The P-stereogenic phosphinamides are a structurally novel skeletal class which has not been investigated as chiral organocatalysts. However, chiral cyclic 3-hydroxy ketones are widely used as building blocks in the synthesis of natural products and bioactive compounds. However, general and practical methods for the synthesis of such chiral compounds remain underdeveloped. Herein, we demonstrate that the P-stereogenic phosphinamides are powerful organocatalysts for the desymmetric enantioselective reduction of cyclic 1,3-diketones, providing a useful method for the synthesis of chiral cyclic 3-hydroxy ketones. The protocol displays a broad substrate scope that is amenable to a series of cyclic 2,2-disubstituted five- and six-membered 1,3-diketones. The chiral cyclic 3-hydroxy ketone products bearing an all-carbon chiral quaternary center could be obtained with high enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee) and diastereoselectivities (up to 99:1 dr). Most importantly, the reactions could be practically performed on the gram scale and the catalysts could be reused without compromising the catalytic efficiency. Mechanistic studies revealed that an intermediate formed from P-stereogenic phosphinamide and catecholborane is the real catalytically active species. The results disclosed herein bode well for designing and developing other reactions using P-stereogenic phosphinamides as new organocatalysts.

NOVEL AND SPECIFIC INHIBITORS OF CYTOCHROME P450 26 RETINOIC ACID HYDROLASE

The present disclosure is generally directed to compositions and methods for treating diseases that are ameliorated by the inhibition of CYP26 mediated retinoic acid metabolism.

Multi-faceted reactivity of alkyltellurophenols towards peroxyl radicals: Catalytic antioxidant versus thiol-depletion effect

Hydroxyaryl alkyl tellurides are effective antioxidants both in organic solution and aqueous biphasic systems. They react by an unconventional mechanism with ROO. radicals with rate constants as high as 107 M-1 s-1 at 303 K, outperforming common phenols. The reactions proceed by oxygen atom transfer to tellurium followed by hydrogen atom transfer to the resulting RO. radical from the phenolic OH. The reaction rates do not reflect the electronic properties of the ring substituents and, because the reactions occur in a solvent cage, quenching is more efficient when the OH and TeR groups have an ortho arrangement. In the presence of thiols, hydroxyaryl alkyl tellurides act as catalytic antioxidants towards both hydroperoxides (mimicking the glutathione peroxidases) and peroxyl radicals. The high efficiency of the quenching of the peroxyl radicals and hydroperoxides could be advantageous under normal cellular conditions, but pro-oxidative (thiol depletion) when thiol concentrations are low. Anti- and pro-oxidants: Hydroxyaryl alkyl tellurides are unconventional antioxidants able to quench chain-carrying peroxyl radicals with rate constants as high as 107 M-1 s-1 by a mechanism involving oxygen atom transfer to tellurium followed by reaction of the RO. radical with the phenol (see figure). They can also catalytically decompose both the ROO. radical and H2O2 in the presence of excess thiols. Copyright

BICYCLIC COMPOUNDS USEFUL AS CATHEPSIN S INBHIBITORS

Compounds of formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, Ra and E are are defined within, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates and N-oxides thereof having utility in the treatment of disorders mediated by cathepsin S.

CATHEPSIN S INHIBITORS

Compounds of the formula (I) where R1 is C1-C4 straight or branched alkyl, optionally substituted with up to three substituents selected from halo and hydroxy; R2 is halo, hydroxy, methyloxy, or C1-C2 alkyl, which alkyl is optionally substituted with up to three halogens or an hydroxy or a methyloxy; D is - C3-C7 alkylene-, thereby defining a cycloalkyl ring; E is -C(=O)-, -S(=O)m-, -NRdS(=O)m-, -NRaC(=O)-, -OC(=O)-, R3 is an optionally substituted carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring R10 is H, ORc, SRc or together with the gem H is =O or (ORc)2; Ra is independently selected from H, C1-C4 alkyl; have utility in the inhibition of cathepsin S and are thus useful pharmaceuticals against disorders such as autoimmune disorders and chronic pain.

Heterocyclic derivatives for the treatment of cancer and other proliferative diseases

The invention relates to certain heterocyclic compounds useful for the treatment of cancer and other diseases, having the Formula (I): wherein: (a) m is an integer 0 or 1; (b) R12 is an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a substituted cycloalkyl, a heterocyclic, a substituted heterocyclic, a heteroaryl, a substituted heteroaryl, an aryl or a substituted aryl residue; (c) Ar3 is an aryl, a substituted aryl, a heteroaryl or a substituted heteroaryl residue; (d) Ar4 is an aryl, a substituted aryl, a heteroaryl or a substituted heteroaryl residue; (e) R5 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl or substituted alkyl; (f) - - - - - represents a bond present or absent; and (g) W, X, Y and Z are independently or together C(O)—, C(S), S, O, or NH; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Attempts to find a solution to the problem of atropisomer interconversion in 1,8-diarylnaphthalenes and 5,6-diarylacenaphthenes

A series of sterically restricted 5,6-diarylacenaphthenes 5, 11, 12, 13 and 14 have been prepared via Suzuki crosscouplings of the appropriate boronic acids with 5,6-dibromoacenaphthene 3 in an attempt to prevent atropisomer interconversion in these systems. Attempts to further functionalise bis(p-methoxyphenyl) system 5 in the position ortho to the methyl ethers by Friedel-Crafts acylation or metallation were unsuccessful; however, two unexpected products were obtained, p,p′-Dimethoxybiphenyl 6 results from an unexpected rearrangement of 5 under strongly basic conditions and is dependent on the base used, whilst acylated derivative 7 results from a Friedel-Crafts acylation of the acenaphthene scaffold in the 3-position, rather than the desired functionalisation of the peri-aryl rings, presumably due to the difficulty in forming a tetrahedral intermediate. The oxygen functionality in 5 has been used, following methyl ether cleavage via diphenol 8 and allylation via 9, to demonstrate the viability of a double Claisen rearrangement yielding 11 after acetylation. However, the broad 1H NMR exhibited by 11 clearly showed that this system is not configurationally stable, hence steps were required to access more sterically demanding systems which would be configurationally stable. Molecular mechanics and semi-empirical simulations were carried out on related biaryl systems to determine if a single bulky substituent in the 3-position of the peri-aryl rings would be sufficient to prevent atropisomer interconversion. The modelling showed that the energies of the syn- and antiatropisomeric forms, e.g. for 12-14, were surprisingly similar. With the objective of preparing conformationally stable molecules in this class in mind, 12-14 were prepared in remarkable yield for such a hindered system. In spite of extensive attempts to determine whether 13 was configurationally stable, enantiomeric separation could not be achieved. Unsuccessful attempts were thus made to detect the presence of stable atropisomeric forms of 13 through the synthesis of bis(benzyl ether) 19, in which the benzylic protons could act as enantiotopic reporters. In addition mandelate ester 20 was prepared and it was shown by 1H NMR that a mixture of anti- and syn-diastereoisomers had been obtained. It was therefore concluded that steric groups in the 3-position of the peri-aryl rings cannot be used to prevent atropisomer interconversion in 1,8-diarylnaphthalenes and 5,6-diarylacenaphthenes. During attempts to access diphenols 18 and 24, other by-products were isolated, i.e. 21 and 25 respectively, resulting from a steric strain-induced 1,2-aryl shift.

Synthesis, structure-affinity relationships, and biological activities of ligands binding to retinoic acid receptor subtypes

The retinoic acid receptors (RARs) transduce retinoid dependant gene regulation, and many biological effects of retinoids are mediated through binding and activation of three closely related receptor subtypes (RARα, RARβ, and RARγ). In order to investigate the role of receptor subtypes, we have carried out a chemical synthesis program to seek selective retinoids for these receptors. We measured receptor binding affinity using recombinant RARα, -β, and -γ proteins and assessed cellular differentiating activity in F9 murine teratocarcinoma cells (F9 cells). This research has identified the 4-substituted-3-(1-adamantyl)phenyl moiety as a new pharmacophore which can replace the β-cyclogeranylidene ring of the naturally ocurring all- trans-retinoic acid. Two chemical series derived from the general structures 6-(3-tertioalkyl-phenyl)-2-naphthoic acid (series I) and 4-[(E)-2-(3- tertioalkylphenyl)propenyl]benzoic acid (series II) were developed. In particular, we have obtained the RARγ selective derivatives 6-[3-(1- adamantyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid (7) [K(i)(RARα) = 6500 nM, Ki(RARβ) = 2480 nM, K(i)(RARγ) = 77 nM] and 4-[(E)-2-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4- hydroxyphenyl]propenyl]benzoic acid (19) [K(i)(RARα) = 1 144 nM, K(i)(RARβ) = 1245 nM, K(i)(RARγ) = 53 nM]. In series I, the presence of a phenol group, irrespective of the nature of tertioalkyl group, imparted at least partial RARγ selectivity, whereas in series II, the presence of both adamantyl and phenol groups is needed to confer RARγ selectivity. The RARγ selective ligands induce differentiation in F9 cells (7, AC50 = 33 nM; 19, AC50 = 66 nM). From series I, a mixed RARβ-γ agonist with potent cellular differentiating activity was selected for development as a topical antiacne agent, 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid (5, CD 271) [K(i)(RARα) = 1100 nM, K(i)-(RARβ) = 34 nM, K(i)(RARγ) = 130 nM, AC50(F9) = 37 nM]. Finally, from series II, we have obtained a weak antagonist in the F9 cellular differentiation assay, 4-[(E)-2-(3-tert-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl)propenyl]benzoic acid (15, IC50 = 700 nM).