157670-38-7Relevant articles and documents
Probing the arenium-ion (ProtonTransfer) versus the cation-radical (Electron Transfer) mechanism of scholl reaction using DDQ as oxidant
Zhai, Linyi,Shukla, Ruchi,Wadumethrige, Shriya H.,Rathore, Rajendra
, p. 4748 - 4760 (2010)
(Figure Presented) DDQ/H+ system readily oxidizes a variety of electron donors with oxidation potential as high as ～1.7 V to the corresponding cation radicals. A re-examination of the controversial arenium-ion versus cation-radical mechanisms for Scholl reaction using DDQ/H+ together with commonly utilized FeCl3 as oxidants led us to demonstrate that the reaction proceeds largely via a cation-radical mechanism. The critical experimental evidence in support of a cation-radical pathway for the Scholl reaction includes the following: (i) There is no reaction in Scholl precursors in a mixture of dichloromethane and various acids (10% v/v). (ii) The necessity to use powerful oxidants such as ferric chloride (FeCl3) or DDQ/H+ for Scholl reactions is inconsistent with the arenium-ion mechanism in light of the fact that aromatization of the dihydro intermediates (formed via arenium-ion mechanism) can be easily accomplished with rather weak oxidants such as iodine or air. (iii) Various Scholl precursors with oxidation potentials 1.7 V vs SCE undergo ready oxidative C-C bond formation with DDQ/H+ as oxidant, whereas Scholl precursors with oxidation potentials greater than >1.7 V vs SCE do not react. (iv) Finally, the feasibility of the dicationic intermediate, formed by loss of two electrons, has been demonstrated by its generation from a tetraphenylene derivative using DDQ/H+ as an oxidant.
Amine-borane complexes: Air- and moisture-stable partners for palladium-catalyzed borylation of aryl bromides and chlorides
Guerrand, Hélène D. S.,Vaultier, Michel,Pinet, Sandra,Pucheault, Mathieu
, p. 1167 - 1174 (2015/04/22)
A method for using amine-borane complexes directly in palladium catalyzed borylation has been developed. The reaction proceeds through the sequential formation of a boronium species followed by deprotonation leading to the aminoborane. This reagent is then directly used in the borylation process leading, after work-up, to various boronic acid derivatives. The reaction was applied to (hetero)aryl triflates, iodides, bromides and chlorides.
Mn-catalyzed aromatic C-H alkenylation with terminal alkynes
Zhou, Bingwei,Chen, Hui,Wang, Congyang
supporting information, p. 1264 - 1267 (2013/03/14)
The first manganese-catalyzed aromatic C-H alkenylation with terminal alkynes is described. The procedure features an operationally simple catalyst system containing commercially available MnBr(CO)5 and dicyclohexylamine (Cy2NH). The reaction occurs readily in a highly chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective manner delivering anti-Markovnikov E-configured olefins in high yields. Experimental study and DFT calculations reveal that (1) the reaction is initiated by a C-H activation step via the cooperation of manganese and base; (2) manganacycle and alkynylmanganese species are the key reaction intermediates; and (3) the ligand-to-ligand H-transfer and alkynyl-assisted C-H activation are the key steps rendering the reaction catalytic in manganese.
