176896-73-4Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of Enantiopure Unnatural Amino Acids by Metallaphotoredox Catalysis
Faraggi, Tomer M.,Rouget-Virbel, Caroline,Rincón, Juan A.,Barberis, Mario,Mateos, Carlos,García-Cerrada, Susana,Agejas, Javier,De Frutos, Oscar,Macmillan, David W. C.
, p. 1966 - 1973 (2021/08/18)
We describe herein a two-step process for the conversion of serine to a wide array of optically pure unnatural amino acids. This method utilizes a photocatalytic cross-electrophile coupling between a bromoalkyl intermediate and a diverse set of aryl halides to produce artificial analogues of phenylalanine, tryptophan, and histidine. The reaction is tolerant of a broad range of functionalities and can be leveraged toward the scalable synthesis of valuable pharmaceutical scaffolds via flow technology.
Much improved conditions for the Negishi cross-coupling of iodoalanine derived zinc reagents with aryl halides
Ross, Andrew J.,Lang, Hannah L.,Jackson, Richard F. W.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 245 - 248 (2010/04/06)
(Chemical Equation Presented) A combination of Pd2(dba) 3 and SPhos (1:2 molar ratio) is an excellent precatalyst for the Negishi cross-coupling of the serine-derived organozinc reagent 2 with aryl halides, including previously difficult ortho-substituted examples. In the case of meta- and para-substituted aryl halides, Pd-loadings of 0.5 mol % give satisfactory results. Use of 2-iodoaniline as substrate gives the lactam 12 in good yield. 2009 American Chemical Society.
Negishi cross-coupling reactions of α-amino acid-derived organozinc reagents and aromatic bromides
Oswald, Claire L.,Carrillo-Márquez, Tomás,Caggiano, Lorenzo,Jackson, Richard F.W.
, p. 681 - 687 (2008/09/16)
The Negishi cross-coupling reaction of organozinc iodides derived from α-amino acids with aromatic bromides to give substituted phenylalanine derivatives is described, using either Pd(OAc)2 or Pd2(dba)3 in combination with P(o-Tol)3 as catalyst in DMF at 50 °C. Similar results are obtained using Pd[PtBu3]2 as catalyst. The difference in reactivity displayed between aryl iodides and bromides (ArI>ArBr) has been utilised in a short synthesis of an unsymmetrical, orthogonally protected para-phenylene bis-alanine derivative.