1886-57-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Regioselective nitration of aromatics with nanomagnetic solid superacid SO42-/ZrO2-MxOy-Fe 3O4 and its theoretical studies
Wang, Peng Cheng,Zhu, Jie,Liu, Xiang,Lu, Ting Ting,Lu, Ming
, p. 310 - 317 (2013/08/23)
A series of micro- and nanosulfated zirconia loaded on Fe3O 4 or other metal oxides (SO42-/ZrO 2-MxOy-Fe3O4 (M=Ti 4+, V5+, and Zn2+)) was prepared, characterized, and used in nitration. The nitration conditions with these solid superacids were then optimized to achieve the best regioselectivity and improve the performances of the catalysts as well. In the experimental results, SZTF (SO42-/ZrO2-TiO2-Fe 3O4) showed excellent catalytic activity and it increased the surface area of SO42-/ZrO2 by up to 15 %. The increase not only facilitated the generation of NO2+, but also provided more opportunities for metal ions to interact with aromatic compounds. With chlorobenzene as substrate, theoretical research on its geometric parameters, electron clouds, and electron spin density was used to investigate the interaction between transition metals and chlorobenzene.
Preparation of heteropoly acid based amphiphilic salts supported by nano oxides and their catalytic performance in the nitration of aromatics
Wang, Peng-Cheng,Yao, Kai,Lu, Ming
, p. 2197 - 2202 (2013/03/14)
A series of Keggin heteropoly acid anion based amphiphilic salts supported by nano oxides were synthesized and used as catalysts in the nitration of aromatic compounds with HNO3. The reaction conditions in the nitration of toluene were optimized and both 92.6% conversion and good para selectivity (ortho:para = 1.09) were obtained.
Rare earth metal triflates catalyzed electrophilic nitration using N 2O5
Ma, Xiao Ming,Li, Bin Dong,Lu, Ming,Lv, Chun Xu
experimental part, p. 73 - 76 (2012/03/26)
A mild, efficient and eco-friendly process for the electrophilic nitration is described using N2O5 as a green nitrating agent in the presence of rare earth metal triflates [RE(OTf)3] under mild conditions.
Selective nitration of aromatic compounds catalyzed by Hβ zeolite using N2O5
Ma, Xiao Ming,Li, Bin Dong,Chen, Lei,Lu, Ming,Lv, Chun Xu
scheme or table, p. 809 - 812 (2012/08/08)
A selective and efficient process for the electrophilic nitration is described using N2O5 as a green nitrating agent, Hβ zeolite as a solid acid catalyst and shape controlling agent under mild conditions.
Reusable and efficient polystryrene-supported acidic ionic liquid catalyst for mononitration of aromatic compounds
Li, Li Xia,Ling, Qi Long,Liu, Zu Liang,Xing, Xiao Dong,Zhu, Xiao Qin,Meng, Xiao
, p. 3373 - 3377 (2013/01/15)
A series of polystyrene-supported 1-(propyl-3-sulfonate)-3-methyl- imidazolium hydrosulfate acidic ionic liquid (PS-[SO3H-PMIM][HSO 4]) catalysts were prepared and tested for mononitration of simple aromatics compounds with nitric acid. It was found that the reactivity of the catalysts increased with increasing [SO3HPMIM][ HSO4] content. The para-selectivity was not only related to the [SO 3H-PMIM][HSO4] content but also the substituent groups in aromatics. A reaction mechanism of nitration over this new catalyst was proposed. The catalytic activity of this catalyst decreased slightly after fifth runs in the synthesis of nitrotoluene.
Regioselectivity nitration of aromatics with N2O5 in PEG-based dicationic ionic liquid
Wang, Peng-Cheng,Lu, Ming
supporting information; experimental part, p. 1452 - 1455 (2011/05/16)
Regioselective mononitration of simple aromatic compounds has been investigated with N2O5 as nitrating agent and a new PEG200-based dicationic acidic ionic liquid (PEG200-DAIL) as catalyst. The results of experiments show that this nitration system can significantly improve the para-selectivity of alkyl-benzenes and the ortho-selectivity of halogenated-benzenes. The PEG200-DAIL exhibits recyclable temperature-dependant phase behavior in CCl4 solvent, and it can be recycled without apparent loss of catalytic activity, and only 5% loss of weight is observed after six times recycling.
An efficient and eco-friendly MoO3-SiO2 solid acid catalyst for electrophilic aromatic nitration with N2O5
Ma, Xiaoming,Li, Bindong,Lv, Chunxu,Lu, Ming,Wu, Jian,Liang, Linjie
experimental part, p. 1814 - 1820 (2012/03/08)
Electrophilic aromatic nitration using N2O5 as a green nitrating agent catalyzed by MoO3-SiO2 under mild conditions has been described. A series of MoO3-SiO2 catalysts with varying MoO3 loadings (5-20 mol%) were prepared by sol-gel technique and characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET and NH 3-TPD to study its surface properties. MoO3-SiO 2 shows good catalytic activity and reusability for the nitration of alkyl and halogen aromatics giving high conversions, but less efficiency for the deactivated aromatics. Reactions conducted under non-acidic conditions using N2O5 makes the process safe and environmentally friendly. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
Electrophilic nitration of aromatics in ionic liquid solvents
Laali,Gettwert
, p. 35 - 40 (2007/10/03)
Potential utility of a series of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium salts [emim][X] with X = OTf-, CF3COO-, and NO3- as well as [HNEtPri2][CF3COO] (protonated Huenig's base) ionic liquids were explored as solvent for electrophilic nitration of aromatics using a variety of nitrating systems, namely NH4NO3/TFAA, isoamyl nitrate/BF3·Et2O, isoamyl nitrate/TfOH, Cu(NO3)/TFAA, and AgNO3/Tf2O. Among these, NH4NO3/TFAA (with [emim][CF3COO], [emim][NO3]) and isoamyl nitrate/BF3·Et2O, isoamyl nitrate/TfOH (with [emim][OTf]) provided the best overall systems both in terms of nitration efficiency and recycling/reuse of the ionic liquids. For [NO2][BF4] nitration, the commonly used ionic liquids [emim][AlCl4] and [emim][Al2Cl7] are unsuitable, as counterion exchange and arene nitration compete. [Emim][BF4] is ring nitrated with [NO2][BF4] producing [NO2-emim][BF4] salt, which is of limited utility due to its increased viscosity. Nitration in ionic liquids is surveyed using a host of aromatic substrates with varied reactivities. The preparative scope of the ionic liquids was also extended. Counterion dependency of the NMR spectra of the [emim][X] liquids can be used to gauge counterion exchange (metathesis) during nitration. Ionic liquid nitration is a useful alternative to classical nitration routes due to easier product isolation and recovery of the ionic liquid solvent, and because it avoids problems associated with neutralization of large quantities of strong acid.
Improved nitrations using metal nitrate-sulfuric acid systems
Mellor, John M.,Mittoo, Stifun,Parkes, Rachel,Millar, Ross W.
, p. 8019 - 8024 (2007/10/03)
Procedures for efficient mono- and di-nitration of aromatic substrates have been developed using ceric ammonium nitrate suspended in dichloromethane in the presence of 2 equiv. of sulfuric acid. By suspending the sulfuric acid on silica gel following nitration, products are easily isolated by filtration and evaporation of solvent. In these nitrations ceric ammonium nitrate can be replaced by other metal nitrates, for example potassium- or tetrabutylammonium-nitrate. In contrast the nitration of naphthalene by ceric ammonium nitrate in the presence of methanol and sulfuric acid affords a mixture of 1,4- and 1,2-methoxynitronaphthalenes, but these nitrations cannot be achieved using potassium or tetrabutylammonium nitrate. The mechanism of this nitration/oxidation is discussed. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
