19753-66-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Ground-State Electron Transfer as an Initiation Mechanism for Biocatalytic C-C Bond Forming Reactions
Fu, Haigen,Lam, Heather,Emmanuel, Megan A.,Kim, Ji Hye,Sandoval, Braddock A.,Hyster, Todd K.
supporting information, p. 9622 - 9629 (2021/07/01)
The development of non-natural reaction mechanisms is an attractive strategy for expanding the synthetic capabilities of substrate promiscuous enzymes. Here, we report an "ene"-reductase catalyzed asymmetric hydroalkylation of olefins using α-bromoketones as radical precursors. Radical initiation occurs via ground-state electron transfer from the flavin cofactor located within the enzyme active site, an underrepresented mechanism in flavin biocatalysis. Four rounds of site saturation mutagenesis were used to access a variant of the "ene"-reductase nicotinamide-dependent cyclohexanone reductase (NCR) from Zymomonas mobiles capable of catalyzing a cyclization to furnish β-chiral cyclopentanones with high levels of enantioselectivity. Additionally, wild-type NCR can catalyze intermolecular couplings with precise stereochemical control over the radical termination step. This report highlights the utility for ground-state electron transfers to enable non-natural biocatalytic C-C bond forming reactions.
Synthesis method of trans-4-oxo-2-hexenal
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Paragraph 0043-0045, (2020/10/20)
The invention discloses a synthesis method of trans-4-oxo-2-hexenal. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: bromobutanone and triphenylphosphine are used as initial raw materials; in organic solvents, the compound is prepared by the following synthetic route. By adopting a brand-new synthesis route, the whole synthesis process is simple and convenient to operate, the reaction conditions of each reaction stage are mild and controllable, the safety is high, the equipment investment is low, the yield of each intermediate product is 90% or above, and the yield of the final product trans-4-oxo-2-hexenal is high and is improved by 30% or above compared with the prior art; according to the method, the raw materials which are low in cost and easy to obtain are adopted, and the methodis suitable for industrial production and has important significance in realizing the release production of the sex pheromones of the apolygus lucorum.
Synthesis of Oxatricyclooctanes via Photoinduced Intramolecular Oxa-[4+2] Cycloaddition of Substituted o-Divinylbenzenes
Liu, Qiang,Wang, Junlei,Li, Dazhi,Gao, Guo-Lin,Yang, Chao,Gao, Yuan,Xia, Wujiong
, p. 7856 - 7868 (2017/08/14)
The photolysis of substituted o-divinylbenzenes promotes a one-step and metal-free conversion to oxatricycles at room temperature. Irradiation o-divinylbenzenes results in an pericyclic reaction to form cyclic o-quinodiemthane intermediates, which subsequently undergo intramolecular oxa-[4+2] cycloaddition to form oxacyclic derivatives.
OPIOID RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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Page/Page column 148; 149, (2016/06/14)
The present invention provides a compound having the structure wherein A is a ring structure, with or without substitution; X1 is C or N; X2 is N, 0, or S; Y1 is H, -(alkyi), -(alkenyl), -(alkynyl), -(cycloalkyi), (haloalkyi), -(alkyl)-O-(alkyl) or -(alky
Titania-promoted carboxylic acid alkylations of alkenes and cascade addition-cyclizations
Manley, David W.,McBurney, Roy T.,Miller, Phillip,Walton, John C.,Mills, Andrew,O'Rourke, Christopher
, p. 1386 - 1398 (2014/03/21)
Photochemical reactions employing TiO2 and carboxylic acids under dry anaerobic conditions led to several types of C-C bond-forming processes with electron-deficient alkenes. The efficiency of alkylation varied appreciably with substituents in the carboxylic acids. The reactions of aryloxyacetic acids with maleimides resulted in a cascade process in which a pyrrolochromene derivative accompanied the alkylated succinimide. The selectivity for one or other of these products could be tuned to some extent by employing the photoredox catalyst under different conditions. Aryloxyacetic acids adapted for intramolecular ring closures by inclusion of 2-alkenyl, 2-aryl, or 2-oximinyl functionality reacted rather poorly. Profiles of reactant consumption and product formation for these systems were obtained by an in situ NMR monitoring technique. An array of different catalyst forms were tested for efficiency and ease of use. The proposed mechanism, involving hole capture at the TiO2 surface by the carboxylates followed by CO2 loss, was supported by EPR spectroscopic evidence of the intermediates. Deuterium labeling indicated that the titania likely donates protons from surface hydroxyl groups as well as supplying electrons and holes, thus acting as both a catalyst and a reaction partner.
Highly substituted tetrahydropyrones from hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of 2-alkenals with stereochemical induction from chiral dienes
Ruijter, Eelco,Schueltingkemper, Heike,Wessjohann, Ludger A.
, p. 2820 - 2823 (2007/10/03)
(Chemical Equation Presented) A new method for the stereoselective synthesis of libraries of 2,3,5-trisubstituted tetrahydro-γ-pyrones and the corresponding tetrahydropyran-4-ols is reported. Dienes with a chiral moiety at position 5 were synthesized star
Antitumour polycyclic acridines. Part 13. Synthesis of 2-substituted 7H-pyrido[4,3,2-kl]acridines by thermolysis of 9-(5-alkyltriazol-1-yl)acridines
Ellis, Michael J.,Stevens, Malcolm F. G.
, p. 75 - 77 (2007/10/03)
Interaction of phosphoranylidene ketones with 9-azidoacridine in refluxing benzene affords 9-(5-substituted triazol-1-yl)acridines, which, on thermolysis in boiling diphenyl ether at 259 °C, yield 2-substituted 7H-pyrido[4,3,2-kl] acridines in high yields. These tetracyclic acridines are less potent inhibitors of human tumour cells in vitro than their pentacyclic analogues.
3, 5, and/or 6 substituted analogues of swainsonine processes for their preparation and their use as therapeutic agents
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, (2008/06/13)
The invention relates to novel 3, 5, and/or 6 swainsonine analogues, processes for their preparation and their use as therapeutic agents. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and their use as therapeutics.
Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis of Stabilised Phosphorus Ylides. Part 1. Preparation of Aliphatic and Therminal Alkynes
Aitken, R. Alan,Atherton, J. Ian
, p. 1281 - 1284 (2007/10/02)
Thermal extrusion of Ph3PO from β-oxoalkylidenetriphenylphosphoranes 4 to give the alkynes 5, which under conventional pyrolysis conditions is restricted to cases in which R1 is an electron withdrawing group, has been successfully achieved for R1=H or alkyl by using FVP.The method allows convenient construction of multigram quantities of the alkynes 5 from alkyl halides 1 and allows convenient construction of multigram quantities of the alkynes 5 from alkyl halides 1 and acid chlorides 3 in three steps with good overall yields.Under the conditions used the ylides with R2 = cyclobutyl also undergo less of ethene to provide convenient access to the vinylalkynes 6.
Synthesis and reactions of [1-(trialkylsilyl)alkylidene]triphenylphosphoranes
Bestmann,Bomhard,Dostalek,Pichl,Riemer,Zimmermann
, p. 787 - 792 (2007/10/02)
Alkylidenetriphenylphosphoranes 1 react with trialkyl halosilanes 2 to afford silylated alkylidenephosphoranes 5, which can be converted to acylated alkylidenephosphoranes 8 and 10 by trimethylsilyl carboxylates 6 or carboxylic anhydrides 10. Bis(acylalkylidenephosphoranes) 13-15 are available from 5 and bis(trimethylsilyl) dicarboxylates 12 or cyclic or polymeric anhydrides 16, 17.
