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• 75-21-8 oxirane 
• 112-53-8 1-dodecyl alcohol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

SKIN CLEANSER COMPOSITION

A skin cleansing composition, comprising the following components (A) and (B): (A) from 0.1 to 30% by mass of an alkyl ether carboxylic acid or a salt thereof represented by the formula (1): wherein, R1 represents an alkyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, n represents a number of from 0 to 20, and M represents a hydrogen atom, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, or organic ammonium, wherein, R1 has an average carbon number of from 10.8 to 12.8 and the average value of n is from 2.5 to 3.4, and wherein, the alkyl ether carboxylic acid or the salt thereof contains a component in which n = 0 in an amount of from 9.6 to 27% by mass, and a component in which n = 1 and a component in which n = 2 in a total amount of 20% by mass or more and less than 40% by mass, and (B) from 0.1 to 30% by mass of a potassium salt or an alkanolamine salt of a fatty acid represented by the formula (2): wherein, R2 represents an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 9 to 22 carbon atoms, and Y represents potassium or alkanolamine. ????????R1-O-(CH2CH2O)n-CH2-COOM?????(1) ????????R2-COOY?????(2)

SKIN CLEANSER COMPOSITION

A skin cleansing composition, comprising the following components (A), (B), and (C): (A) an alkyl ether carboxylic acid represented by the formula (1): wherein, R1 represents an alkyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms and n represents a number of from 0 to 20, wherein, R1 has an average carbon number of from 10.8 to 12.8 and the alkyl ether carboxylic acid contains a component in which n = 0 in an amount of from 4.3 to 30% by mass, and a component in which n = 1 and a component in which n = 2 in a total amount of 20% by mass or more and less than 40% by mass, (B) a fatty acid represented by the formula (2): wherein, R2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 9 to 21 carbon atoms, and (C) a neutralizer, wherein the total content of the components (A) and (B) is from 20 to 50% by mass, a degree of neutralization of the components (A) and (B) is from 0.6 to 0.9, and a viscosity at 30°C is from 10 to 50000 dPa·s. ????????R1-O-(CH2CH2O)n-CH2-COOH?????(1) ????????R2-COOH?????(2)

Ceria supported gold-platinum catalysts for the selective oxidation of alkyl ethoxylates

This work covers the development of a ceria based AuPt catalyst for the selective aerobic oxidation of alkyl ethoxylates to their corresponding carboxylic acids. By optimizing metal loading and the Au to Pt ratio the activity of the catalyst could be increased significantly, while maintaining total selectivity. Although the choice of ceria as a support helped to suppress intermediate metal leaching, the catalyst still showed poor long-term stability in repeated batches. The cause for deactivation could finally be identified by TPR studies as over-oxidation. These suspicions were confirmed by a long-term stability study in continuous-mode. It proved to be possible to deactivate the catalyst on purpose by employing unfavourable oxidising reaction conditions, i.e. low substrate concentrations and excess oxygen. By avoiding such unfavourable conditions either in continuous-flow mode or in repeated batches, the long-term stability of the catalyst increased tremendously. A substrate screening of various ethoxylates showed that the catalyst was very well-suited to selectively oxidize a wide range of alkyl ethoxylates.

Chromium(VI) oxide oxidation of non-ethoxylated and ethoxylated alcohols for determination by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

A new derivatization procedure to increase the sensitivity of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to non-ethoxylated and ethoxylated alcohols was investigated. The analytes were oxidized with chromium(VI) oxide and the resulting carboxylic and ethoxy-carboxylic acids were isolated by extraction with ethyl acetate; the extracts were alkalinized and infused into the ESI-MS system working in the negative-ion mode. The yields of the combined oxidation-extraction were ca. 100% for non-ethoxylated fatty alcohols dissolved in acetone and they decreased moderately in samples containing increasing amounts of water (e.g., a 75% yield was obtained with 50% water). Ethoxylated alcohols with more than two ethylene oxide units resulted in yields of ca. 60%. Low limits of detection (LODs) were obtained when the procedure was applied to the analysis of body- care products and cosmetics containing fatty alcohols, e.g., in a varicose-vein cream, the LODs were 25 μ cetyl alcohol and 7.5 μ stearyl alcohol (detected as palmitic acid and stearic acid, respectively) per gram of sample. High molecular mass alcohols were also detected in seawater after pre- concentration by solid-phase extraction. Thus, the proposed method is particularly valuable for use in industrial samples having complex matrices and in environmental samples and it is competitive with other methods for the analysis of trace amounts of fatty alcohols.

Extraction of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II) by dodecyloligo(oxyethylene) carboxylic acids

The synthesis of a series of n-dodecyloligo(oxyethylene) carboxylic acids of general formula C12H25(OCH2CH2)nOCH2COOH (n=0 to 5) and application of these compounds for the separation of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II) in extraxtion are reported.Negligible extractability of the metal ions investigated was found using dodecyloxyacetic acid (n=0) which indicated that complexation resulted from metal-cation interaction with oxygen atoms of the polyoxyethylene chain incorporated into the molecule of complexon.In extractions from aqueous solutions containing ZnCl2, CdCl2, HgCl2, and NaOH (pH regulator), loading of the organic phases increased for extractants with more oxyethylene units.In particular, Hg(II) extractibility and molecular structure of the extractant are related.The selectivity of extraction increased drastically if NaCl was added to the initial aqueous phase, as the extractibilities of Cd(II) and, particularly, Hg(II) declined while the extractibility of Zn(II) remained high.Selectivity of extraction is produced by the complex chemical equilibria resulted from complexation of the metal cation by an alkyloligoether carboxylic acid in the organic phase and by Cl(1-) and OH(1-) anions in the aqueous phase.Thus, aqueous solution parameters greatly influence the efficiency and selectivity of the extraction process and suitable experimental conditions are very important.