220062-79-3

Upstream product

• 180059-38-5 1,9-(7171,72,72-tetraethoxycyclobutano)dihydro[70]fullerene 
• 35079-56-2 tetrathiafulvalenium radical cation 
• 66946-48-3 bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene cation radical 
• 100-39-0 benzyl bromide 
• 144240-52-8 1,2-C₇₀H₂ 
• 7440-05-3 palladium 
• 67-66-3 chloroform 
• 106-99-0 buta-1,3-diene 
• 1120395-94-9 3,8,13-tribromo-5,10,15-tris-naphthalen-2-ylmethylene-10,15-dihydro-5H-diindeno[1,2-a:1',2'-c]fluorene 
• 1044810-33-4 C₇₀(C(CO)2(C₂H₅O)2) 
• 13463-40-6 iron pentacarbonyl 
• 10099-58-8 lanthanum(III) chloride 
• 7727-37-9 nitrogen 

Downstream Products

• 581-80-6 4,4'-bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Methodology for the Preparation of C1-Monoalkylated 1,2-Dihydro[C 70] Derivatives: Formation of the Other Regioisomer

Deprotonation of 1,2-C70H2 with TBAOH, followed by alkylation with methyl bromoacetate, results in formation of a C1-monoalkylated 1,2-dihydro-C70 derivative. The position of the alkyl group (C1) was established by NMR spectroscopy and comparison with literature spectra of C2-monoalkylated analogs. Presumably, C1-alkylation is the major process due to selective deprotonation of 1,2-C70H2 at C1. Substitution of benzyl bromide for methyl bromoacetate results in rapid dialkylation, unless the amount of base is carefully controlled, in which case C1-monobenzylation is the major process. This methodology for alkylation at C1 is complimentary to methods for the C2-monoalkylation of C70 with Zn and methyl bromoacetate.

Cage-Expansion of Fullerenes

Despite the first proposal on the cage inflation of fullerenes in 1991, the chemical expansion of fullerenes has been still a formidable challenge. Herein, we provide an efficient methodology to expand [60] and [70]fullerene cages by the inclusion of totally C5N unit, giving nitrogen-containing closed structures as C65N and C75N with double fused heptagons. This method consists of two steps commenced with the construction of an opening by the reaction with triazine as a C3N source, followed by the cage reformation using N-phenylmaleimide as a C2 source. We also synthesized endohedral cages, demonstrating that the encapsulated H2O molecule inside the C75N cage prefers the orientation which maximizes the intramolecular interaction with the carbon wall. Additionally, we revealed the existence of a through-space magnetic dipolar interaction between the encapsulated H2 molecule and the embedded N atom.

CF2-Bridged C60 Fullerene Dimers and their Optical Transitions

Fullerene dyads bridged with perfluorinated linking groups have been synthesized through a modified arc-discharge procedure. The addition of Teflon inside an arc-discharge reactor leads to the formation of dyads, consisting of two C60 fullerenes bridged by CF2 groups. The incorporation of bridging groups containing electronegative atoms lead to different energy levels and to new features in the photoluminescence spectrum. A suppression of the singlet oxygen photosensitization indicated that the radiative decay from singlet-to-singlet state is favoured against the intersystem crossing singlet-to-triplet transition.

Lu2@C2n (2n = 82, 84, 86): Crystallographic Evidence of Direct Lu-Lu Bonding between Two Divalent Lutetium Ions Inside Fullerene Cages

Although most of the M2C2n-type metallofullerenes (EMFs) tend to form carbide cluster EMFs, we report herein that Lu-containing EMFs Lu2C2n (2n = 82, 84, 86) are actually dimetallofullerenes (di-EMFs), namely, Lu2@Cs(6)-C82, Lu2@C3v(8)-C82, Lu2@D2d(23)-C84, and Lu2@C2v(9)-C86. Unambiguous X-ray results demonstrate the formation of a Lu-Lu single bond between two lutetium ions which transfers four electrons in total to the fullerene cages, thus resulting in a formal divalent state for each Lu ion. Population analysis indicates that each Lu atom formally donates a 5d electron and a 6s electron to the cage with the remaining 6s electron shared with the other Lu atom to form a Lu-Lu single bond so that only four electrons are transferred to the fullerene cages with the formal divalent valence for each lutetium ion. Accordingly, we confirmed both experimentally and theoretically that the dominating formation of di-EMFs is thermodynamically very favorable for Lu2C2n isomers.

Unusual multistep reaction of C70Cl10 with thiols producing C70[SR]5H

We report a reaction of the chlorofullerene C70Cl10 with thiols producing C70[SR]5H with all organic addends attached around one central pentagon at the pole of the C70 cage. This reaction was shown to proceed via a complicated radical pathway, presumably involving addition, substitution, rearrangement, and/or elimination steps. The obtained C70[SR]5H products were shown to be very unstable and undergo quantitative decomposition to pristine C70, RSSR, and RSH at elevated temperatures (e.g., 50 °C). Quantum chemical calculations and NMR spectroscopy data showed that cleavage of organic addends from the fullerene cage could be induced by solvation effects in solution.

Radical reaction of C70Cl10 with P(OEt)3: Isolation and characterization of C70[P(O)(OEt)2] nHn (n = 1, 2)

The Arbuzov-type reaction of chlorofullerene C70Cl10 with P(OEt)3 leads to the formation of C70[P(O)(OEt) 2]H and C70[P(O)(OEt)2]2H 2, whose molecular struc

Fullerene-Containing Hemicarceplexes and a Method of Purifying Fullerenes by Using the Same

Fullerene⊙CTV complexes, comprising fullerene⊙CTV hemicarceplexes, formed by various cyclotriveratrylene (CTV)-based molecular cages and various fullerene guests are disclosed. A method of direct isolating at least a fullerene from fullerene mixtures by using the above fullerene CTV hemicarceplexes but without using crystallization or HPLC is also disclosed.

Reprint of: Preparation and UV/visible spectra of fullerenes C60 and C70

The preparation and isolation of pure fullerene-60 and fullerene-70 is described. The solution UV/visible absorption spectra of the two molecules are presented.

A Series of inorganic solid nitrogen sources for the synthesis of metal nitride clusterfullerenes: The dependence of production yield on the oxidation state of nitrogen and counter ion

A series of nitrogen-containing inorganic solid compounds with variable oxidation states of nitrogen and counter ions have been successfully applied as new inorganic solid nitrogen sources toward the synthesis of Sc-based metal nitride clusterfullerenes (Sc-NCFs), including ammonium salts [(NH 4)xH3-xPO4 (x = 0-2), (NH 4)2SO4, (NH4)2CO 3, NH4X (X = F, Cl), NH4SCN], thiocyanate (KSCN), nitrates (Cu(NO3)2, NaNO3), and nitrite (NaNO2). Among them, ammonium phosphates ((NH4) xH3-xPO4, x = 1-3) and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) are revealed to behave as better nitrogen sources than others, and the highest yield of Sc-NCFs is achieved when NH4SCN was used as a nitrogen source. The optimum molar ratio of Sc2O 3:(NH4)3PO4·3H2O: C and Sc2O3:NH4SCN:C has been determined to be 1:2:15 and 1:3:15, respectively. The thermal decomposition products of these 12 inorganic compounds have been discussed in order to understand their different performances toward the synthesis of Sc-NCFs, and accordingly the dependence of the production yield of Sc-NCFs on the oxidation state of nitrogen and counter ion is interpreted. The yield of Sc3N@C80 (Ih + D5h) per gram Sc2O3 by using the N 2-based group of nitrogen sources (thiocyanate, nitrates, and nitrite) is overall much lower than those by using gaseous N2 and NH4SCN, indicating the strong dependence of the yield of Sc-NCFs on the oxidation state of nitrogen, which is attributed to the in-situ redox reaction taking place for the N2-based group of nitrogen sources during discharging. For NH3-based group of nitrogen sources (ammonium salts) which exhibits a (-3) oxidation states of nitrogen, their performance as nitrogen sources is found to be sensitively dependent on the anion, and this is understood by considering their difference on the thermal stability and/or decomposition rate. Contrarily, for the N2-based group of nitrogen sources, the formation of Sc-NCFs is independent to both the oxidation state of nitrogen (+3 or +5) and the cation.

Hemicarceplex formation with a cyclotriveratrylene-based molecular cage allows isolation of high-purity (≥99.0%) C70 directly from fullerene extracts

A cyclotriveratrylene-based molecular cage that favors the formation of a room temperature isolable hemicarceplex with C70, in the presence of C60, has been developed. Significant differences in the association and dissociation kinetics of the molecular cage and buckyballs allowed the isolation of C70 in high purity (≥99.0%) from a commercial fullerene extract without the need for recrystallization or HPLC.