224784-43-4Relevant articles and documents
Fast pirouetting motion in a pyridine bisamine-containing copper-complexed rotaxane
Coronado, Eugenio,Gavina, Pablo,Ponce, Julia,Tatay, Sergio
, p. 6939 - 6950 (2014/06/09)
The present work reports the introduction of pyridine bisamine terdentate ligands in the structure of a pirouetting copper rotaxane. Rotaxane 2[PF 6] constitutes the first example of the incorporation of imine-based dynamic covalent chemistry in the synthesis of switchable copper-complexed interlocked systems. In this rotaxane, the substitution of the classical terpyridine terdentate unit by a pyridine bisamine moiety has led to a significant stabilization of the pentacoordinated site. That fact has been evidenced by EPR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Regarding the tetracoordinated site, the congestion around the coordination sphere has been reduced to accelerate the typically slow reorganization of the CuII. Ethynyl-3,8-substitution on the axis phenanthroline along with the 2,9-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dpp) present in the macrocycle afforded a very stable coordination environment for CuI, which is at the same time labile upon oxidation. In summary, the incorporation of a pyridine bisamine unit as a terdentate ligand and the optimization of the bidentate ligand of the axle not only has led to a simplification of the synthetic procedures, but it has also given rise to a bistable systems with an enhanced energetic separation between states and an acceleration of the reorganization processes. Thus far, rotaxane 2[PF6] presents the fastest switching cycle reported to date in copper-interlocked dynamic systems.
Rotaxanes incorporating two different coordinating units in their thread: Synthesis and electrochemically and photochemically induced molecular motions
Armaroli, Nicola,Balzani, Vincenzo,Collin, Jean-Paul,Gavina, Pablo,Sauvage, Jean-Pierre,Ventura, Barbara
, p. 4397 - 4408 (2007/10/03)
Three different multicomponent molecular systems have been synthesized by means of the three-dimensional template effect of copper(I). These systems incorporate both a coordinating ring (2,9-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline-containing 30-membered ring) and a molecular string which consists of two different coordination sites (2,9-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthroline and 5,5″-disubstituted-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine unit). Each end of the string could be functionnalyzed by a small group or by a bulky stopper (tris(p-tert-butylphenyl)-(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane), leading to an unstoppered compound, to a semi-rotaxane, or to a real rotaxane. As in the case of a disymmetrical copper [2]-catenane, large reversible molecular motions have been induced both electrochemically and photochemically. The driving force of the rearrangement processes is the high stability of two markedly different coordination environments for the copper(I) and copper(II) ions. In the copper(I) state, two phenanthroline units (one of the ring, one of the string) interact with the metal ion in a tetrahedral geometry (CuI(4)), whereas in the copper(II) state, one phenanthroline belonging to the ring and the terpyridine of the string afford a five-coordinate geometry (CuII(5)). The rates of the molecular motion processes (from CuII(4) to CuII(5) and from CuI(5)) to CuI(4)) are respectively faster and slower (minutes time scale) as compared to those for the catenane species. This result could be interpreted on the basis of structural differences between the rotaxane and catenane systems.