2253-30-7Relevant articles and documents
Copper-Catalyzed Direct C-H Alkylation of Polyfluoroarenes by Using Hydrocarbons as an Alkylating Source
Xie, Weilong,Heo, Joon,Kim, Dongwook,Chang, Sukbok
supporting information, p. 7487 - 7496 (2020/08/06)
Construction of carbon-carbon bonds is one of the most important tools in chemical synthesis. In the previously established cross-coupling reactions, prefunctionalized starting materials were usually employed in the form of aryl or alkyl (pseudo)halides or their metalated derivatives. However, the direct use of arenes and alkanes via a 2-fold oxidative C-H bond activation strategy to access chemoselective C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-couplings is highly challenging due to the low reactivity of carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds and the difficulty in suppressing side reactions such as homocouplings. Herein, we present the new development of a copper-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling of polyfluoroarenes with alkanes under mild conditions. Relatively weak sp3 C-H bonds at the benzylic or allylic positions, and nonactivated hydrocarbons could be alkylated by the newly developed catalyst system. A moderate-to-high site selectivity was observed among various C-H bonds present in hydrocarbon reactants, including gaseous feedstocks and complex molecules. Mechanistic information was obtained by performing combined experimental and computational studies to reveal that the copper catalyst plays a dual role in activating both alkane sp3 C-H bonds and sp2 polyfluoroarene C-H bonds. It was also suggested that the noncovalent π-πinteraction and weak hydrogen bonds formed in situ between the optimal ligand and arene substrates are key to facilitating the current coupling reactions.
Synthesis and thiolation of 1,3-difluoro-2,4,6-trihaloanilines and benzenes
Manka, Jason T.,Kaszynski, Piotr
, p. 39 - 43 (2007/10/03)
Three pentahaloanilines were prepared by stepwise halogenation of 3,5-difluoroaniline and were deaminated to form pentahalobenzenes. Alternatively, two pentahalobenzenes were obtained by lithiation followed by iodination of 1,3-difluoro-4,6-dihalobenzenes