2348-55-2

Upstream product

• 78-86-4 s-butyl chloride 
• 129-00-0 pyrene anion radical 
• 1499-10-1 9,10-diphenylanthracene anion radical 
• 623-26-7 terephthalonitrile radical anion 
• 78-76-2 s-butyl bromide 
• 1009-61-6 1,4-diacetylbenzene anion radical 
• 103-33-3 azobenzene anion radical 
• 106-97-8 n-butane 
• 2025-56-1 ethyl radical 
• 624-64-6 trans-2-Butene 
• 4630-45-9 isobutyl radical 
• 2348-46-1 ethanol radical 
• 2669-89-8 vinyl radical 
• 12169-67-4 cyclohexa-1->5-dienyl 

Downstream Products

• 2229-07-4 methyl radical 
• 187737-37-7 propene 
• 106-98-9 1-butylene 
• 590-18-1 (Z)-2-Butene 
• 624-64-6 trans-2-Butene 
• 106-97-8 n-butane 
• 2025-55-0 isopropyl radical 
• 107-01-7 butene-2 
• 2025-56-1 ethyl radical 
• 12169-67-4 cyclohexa-1->5-dienyl 
• 1605-73-8 t-Butyl radical 
• 2348-51-8 1-phenylethyl radical 
• 78-86-4 s-butyl chloride 
• 34014-43-2 C₇H₇O₂S 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

The reactivity of ketyl and alkyl radicals in reactions with carbonyl compounds

A parabolic model of bimolecular radical reactions was used for analysis of the hydrogen transfer reactions of ketyl radicals: >C+OH + R1COR2 → >C=O + R1R2C+OH. The parameters describing the reactivity of the reagents were calculated from the experimental data. The parameters that characterize the reactions of ketyl and alkyl radicals as hydrogen donors with olefins and with carbonyl compounds were obtained: >C+OH + R1CH=CH2 → >C=O + R1C+ HCH3; >R1CH=CH2 + R2C+HCH2R3 → R2C+HCH3 + R2CH=CHR3. These parameters were used to calculate the activation energies of these transformations. The kinetic parameters of reactions of hydrogen abstraction by free radicals and molecules (aldehydes, ketones, and quinones) from the C-H and O-H bonds were compared.

Kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of chlorine atoms with ethane, propane, and n-butane

Absolute (flash photolysis) and relative (FTIR-smog and GC) rate techniques were used to study the gas-phase reactions of Cl atoms with ethane (k1), propane (k3), and n-butane (k2). Experiments performed at 298-540 K give k2÷k1=(2.0±0.1)exp((183±20)÷T). At 296 K the reaction of Cl atoms with propane yields of 43 % 1-propyl and 57 % 2-propyl radicals, while the reaction of Cl atoms with n-butane produces 29% 1-butyl and 71% 2-butyl radicals. Butyl radicals were found to react with Cl2 with rates which are 3 times greater than the corresponding reactions with O2.

The Nucleophilicity of Superoxide towards Different Alkyl Halides Estimated from Kinetic Measurements

Values of the rate constant ksub are measured for the substitution reaction between superoxide O2 anion-radical and the alkyl halides butyl chloride, 2-butyl chloride, benzyl chloride, ethyl bromide, butyl bromide, 2-butyl bromide, neopentyl bromide, benzyl bromide, (1-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropyl)benzene and 1-iodoadamantane.These rate constants are compared with the expected rate constant kET for the electron transfer reaction between the same alkyl halides and an aromatic anion radical A anion-radical with the same standard oxidation potential as O2 anion-radical.The ksub/kET ratios show that the mechanism of the substitution reaction amy shift from SN2-like to ET-like on changes in the steric hindrance and the acceptor ability of the alkyl halide.The influence on ksub/kET of the difference in self-exchange reorganization energy λ(0) between O2 anion-radical/O2 and A anion-radical/A is discussed.