24078-12-4Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis and Evaluation of PPARδAgonists That Promote Osteogenesis in a Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture and in a Mouse Model of Human Osteoporosis
Kress, Brian J.,Kim, Dong Hyun,Mayo, Jared R.,Farris, Jeffery T.,Heck, Benjamin,Sarver, Jeffrey G.,Andy, Divya,Trendel, Jill A.,Heck, Bruce E.,Erhardt, Paul W.
, p. 6996 - 7032 (2021/05/29)
We synthesized a directed library of compounds to explore the structure-activity relationships of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ(PPARδ) activation relative to mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenesis. Our scaffold used para-substituted cinnamic acids as a polar headgroup, a heteroatom and heterocycle core connecting units, and substituted phenyl groups for the lipophilic tail. Compounds were screened for their ability to increase osteogenesis in MSCs, and the most promising were examined for subunit specificity using a quantitative PPAR transactivation assay. Six compounds were selected for in vivo studies in an ovariectomized mouse model of human postmenopausal osteoporosis. Four compounds improved bone density in vivo, with two (12d and 31a) having activity comparable to that of GW0742, a well-studied PPARδ-selective agonist. 31a (2-methyl-4-[N-methyl-N-[5-methylene-4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiazole]]aminocinnamic acid) had the highest selectivity for PPARδcompared to other subtypes, its selectivity far exceeding that of GW0742. Our results confirm that PPARδis a new drug target for possible treatment of osteoporosis via in situ manipulation of MSCs.
Generation of Phosphoranyl Radicals via Photoredox Catalysis Enables Voltage-Independent Activation of Strong C-O Bonds
Stache, Erin E.,Ertel, Alyssa B.,Rovis, Tomislav,Doyle, Abigail G.
, p. 11134 - 11139 (2018/11/21)
Despite the prevalence of alcohols and carboxylic acids as functional groups in organic molecules and the potential to serve as radical precursors, C-O bonds remain difficult to activate. We report a synthetic strategy for direct access to both alkyl and acyl radicals from these ubiquitous functional groups via photoredox catalysis. This method exploits the unique reactivity of phosphoranyl radicals, generated from a polar/SET crossover between a phosphine radical cation and an oxygen-centered nucleophile. We show the desired reactivity in the reduction of benzylic alcohols to the corresponding benzyl radicals with terminal H atom trapping to afford the deoxygenated products. Using the same method, we demonstrate access to synthetically versatile acyl radicals, which enables the reduction of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids to the corresponding aldehydes with exceptional chemoselectivity. This protocol also transforms carboxylic acids to heterocycles and cyclic ketones via intramolecular acyl radical cyclizations to forge C-O, C-N, and C-C bonds in a single step.
As opioid receptor antagonists or inverse agonists of the novel compounds
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Paragraph 0602-0604; 0606-0608, (2016/10/08)
Novel compounds which are antagonists or inverse agonists at one or more of the opioid receptors, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, to processes for their preparation.
PYRROLIDINE GPR40 MODULATORS
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Page/Page column 55, (2015/11/27)
The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): or a stereoisomer, a tautomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a polymorph, or a solvate thereof, wherein all of the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are GPR40 G protein-coupled receptor modulators which may be used as medicaments.
SPIROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS TRYPTOPHAN HYDROXYLASE INHIBITORS
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Page/Page column 263; 264, (2015/03/28)
The present invention is directed to spirocyclic compounds which are inhibitors of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), particularly isoform 1 (TPH1), that are useful in the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with peripheral serotonin including, for example, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, inflammatory, metabolic, and low bone mass diseases, as well as serotonin syndrome, and cancer.
DIHYDROPYRAZOLE GPR40 MODULATORS
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Paragraph 00281, (2014/06/11)
The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): or a stereoisomer, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein all of the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are GPR40 G protein-coupled receptor modulators which may be used as medicaments.
Theramutein modulators
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Page/Page column 191, (2010/02/17)
This invention relates to agents that are inhibitors or activators of variant forms of endogenous proteins and novel methods of identifying such variants. Of particular interest are inhibitors and activators of endogenous protein variants, encoded by genes which have mutated, which variants often arise or are at least first identified as having arisen following exposure to a chemical agent which is known to be an inhibitor or activator of the corresponding unmutated endogenous protein.
NOVEL COMPOUNDS AS ANTAGONISTS OR INVERSE AGONISTS FOR OPIOID RECEPTORS
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Page/Page column 92, (2010/09/07)
This invention relates to novel compounds which are antagonists or inverse agonists at one or more of the opioid receptors, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, to processes for their preparation, and to their use in therapy.
THERAMUTEIN MODULATORS
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Page/Page column 225, (2008/12/07)
This invention relates to agents that are inhibitors or activators of variant forms of endogenous proteins and novel methods of identifying such variants. Of particular interest are inhibitors and activators of endogenous protein variants, encoded by genes which have mutated, which variants often arise or are at least first identified as having arisen following exposure to a chemical agent which is known to be an inhibitor or activator of the corresponding unmutated endogenous protein.
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND
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Page/Page column 97, (2010/11/29)
[Object] To provide a novel compound having an excellent immunosuppressive activity with low toxicity or a pharmacological salt thereof. [Means to achieve the object] A compound having general formula (I) shown below or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmacologically acceptable prodrug thereof [wherein A represents a carboxyl group, or the like, B represents a hydrogen atom, or the like, V represents a single bond, a methylene group, or the like, n represents an integer of from 0 to 2, W represents a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group, or the like, Z represents a group selected from Substituent group A, or the like, and Substituent group A represents the group consisting of a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C3-C7 cycloalkyl group.