25266-13-1Relevant articles and documents
A ε - ester perfume compound and its preparation method
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Paragraph 0031-0033, (2017/11/17)
The invention discloses an epsilon-lactone flavor chemical compound. The epsilon-lactone flavor chemical compound is shown as a structural formula. The invention further discloses a method for preparing the epsilon-lactone flavor chemical compound. The method includes enabling acid chemical compounds and alcohol chemical compounds to carry out esterification reaction in organic solvents by the aid of acid catalysts to obtain acrylic acid n-octyl chemical compounds; enabling the acrylic acid n-octyl chemical compounds and alkenes chemical compounds to carry out addition and Baeyer-Villiger oxidation reaction in organic solvents by the aid of base catalysts and acid catalysts to ultimately obtain the epsilon-propanoic acid n-octyl-epsilon-caprolactone chemical compound. The epsilon-lactone flavor chemical compound and the method have the advantages that the epsilon-lactone flavor chemical compound is a novel epsilon-lactone chemical compound with characteristic aroma of mellow and sweet rice wine, and is the latest domestic and overseas research result for epsilon-lactone chemical compounds with characteristic aroma.
Non-Viral CRISPR/Cas Gene Editing In Vitro and In Vivo Enabled by Synthetic Nanoparticle Co-Delivery of Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA
Miller, Jason B.,Zhang, Shuyuan,Kos, Petra,Xiong, Hu,Zhou, Kejin,Perelman, Sofya S.,Zhu, Hao,Siegwart, Daniel J.
supporting information, p. 1059 - 1063 (2017/01/18)
CRISPR/Cas is a revolutionary gene editing technology with wide-ranging utility. The safe, non-viral delivery of CRISPR/Cas components would greatly improve future therapeutic utility. We report the synthesis and development of zwitterionic amino lipids (ZALs) that are uniquely able to (co)deliver long RNAs including Cas9 mRNA and sgRNAs. ZAL nanoparticle (ZNP) delivery of low sgRNA doses (15 nm) reduces protein expression by >90 % in cells. In contrast to transient therapies (such as RNAi), we show that ZNP delivery of sgRNA enables permanent DNA editing with an indefinitely sustained 95 % decrease in protein expression. ZNP delivery of mRNA results in high protein expression at low doses in vitro (?1). Intravenous co-delivery of Cas9 mRNA and sgLoxP induced expression of floxed tdTomato in the liver, kidneys, and lungs of engineered mice. ZNPs provide a chemical guide for rational design of long RNA carriers, and represent a promising step towards improving the safety and utility of gene editing.
Synthesis and Surface Properties of a Novel Sodium 3-(3-Alkyloxy-3-oxopropoxy)-3-oxopropane-1-sulfonate at the Air-Water Interface
Kumar, Pandari Phani,Nayak, Rati Ranjan,Kanjilal, Sanjit
, p. 689 - 695 (2015/06/23)
The present paper describes the synthesis and evaluation of surface properties of a novel series of anionic surfactant, namely sodium 3-(3-alkyloxy-3-oxopropoxy)-3-oxopropane-1-sulfonate with varying alkyl chain length (C8-C16). Synthesis involves initial formation of the 3-alkyloxy-3-oxopropyl acrylate along with fatty acrylate during the direct esterification of fatty alcohol with acrylic acid in the presence of 0.5 % NaHSO4 at 110 C followed by sulfonation of the terminal double bond of the 3-alkyloxy-3-oxopropyl acrylate. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for surface and thermodynamic properties such as critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension at CMC (γcmc), efficiency of surface adsorption (pC20), surface excess (Γmax), minimum area per molecule at the air-water interface (A min), free energy of adsorption (?G ads), free energy of micellization (?G mic), wetting time, emulsifying properties, foaming power and calcium tolerance. Effect of chain length on CMC follows the classic trend, i.e. decrease in CMC with the increase in alkyl chain length. High pC20 (>3) value indicates higher hydrophobic character of the surfactant. These surfactants showed very poor wetting time and calcium tolerance, but exhibited good emulsion stability and excellent foamability. Foaming power and foam stability of C14-sulfonate were found to be the best among the studied compounds. Foam stability of C14-sulfonate was also studied at different concentrations over time and excellent foam stability was obtained at a concentration of 0.075 %. Thus this novel class of surfactant may find applications as foam boosters in combination with other suitable surfactants.