2854-10-6

Upstream product

• 6347-01-9 fructopyranose 
• 75-65-0 tert-butyl alcohol 
• 123-76-2 levulinic acid 

Downstream Products

• 346424-35-9 t-butyl 5-benzyloxy-2-methyl indole acetate 
• 6149-46-8 Ethyl γ-hydroxyvalerate 
• 27447-93-4 t-butyl γ-hydroxyvalerate 
• 108-29-2 5-methyl-dihydro-furan-2-one 
• 112789-84-1 (+)-(S)-ethyl 4-hydroxypentanoate 
• 120294-54-4 tert-butyl (4S)-4-hydroxypentanoate 
• 19041-15-7 (S)-γ-valerolactone 
• 69579-08-4 4-[(6-morpholin-4-yl-pyridazin-3-yl)-hydrazono]-pentanoic acid tert-butyl ester 
• 22783-13-7 4-((2S,3R)-2-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-3-tert-butoxy-butyryloxy)-pentanoic acid tert-butyl ester 
• 22816-09-7 γ-(N-benzyloxycarbonylthreonyloxy)-valeric acid 
• 346424-22-4 [5-(3-benzyloxy-propoxy)-1-(4-chloro-benzoyl)-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 
• 346424-37-1 t-butyl 5-(2-benzyloxyethoxy)-1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-2-methyl indole 3-acetate 
• 1025983-07-6 5-methyl-4-oxo-hexanoic acid 3-tert-butoxycarbonylmethyl-1-(4-chloro-benzoyl)-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl ester 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Esterification of levulinic acid over Sn(II) exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid salts: An efficient route to obtain bioaditives

In this paper, we describe a process to add value to the biomass derivatives (i.e., levulinic acid), converting it to bioadditives over solid Sn(II) exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid salts. These solid catalysts are an attractive alternative to the traditional soluble and corrosive Br?nsted acid catalysts. Among Sn(II) heteropoly salts, the Sn1.5PW12O40 was the most active and selective catalyst, achieving high conversions (ca. 90 %) and selectivity (90–97 %) for alkyl esters and angelica lactone, the main reaction products. The impacts of the main reaction parameters (i.e., catalyst load, temperature, and the molar ratio of alcohol to acid) were investigated. The use of renewable raw material, and an efficient and recyclable catalyst are the main positive features of this process. The Sn1.5PW12O40 catalyst was easily recovered and reused without loss activity.

Heterogeneous acidic TiO2 nanoparticles for efficient conversion of biomass derived carbohydrates

Selective conversion of biomass derived carbohydrates into fine chemicals is of great significance for the replacement of petroleum feedstocks and the reduction of environmental impacts. Levulinic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and their derivatives are recognized as important precursor candidates in a variety of different areas. In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity of acidic TiO2 nanoparticles in the conversion of biomass derived carbohydrates were explored. This catalyst was found to be highly effective for selective conversion to value-added products. The nanoparticles exhibited superior activity and selectivity towards methyl levulinate from fructose in comparison to current commercial catalysts. The conversion of fructose to methyl levulinate was achieved with 80% yield and high selectivity (up to 80%). Additionally, conversions of disaccharides and polysaccharides were studied. Further, the production of versatile valuable products such as levulinic esters, HMF, and HMF-derived ethers was demonstrated using the TiO2 nano-sized catalysts in different solvent systems.