29435-48-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
SYNTHESIS OF 3-HYDROXYBUTYRYL 3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
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Paragraph 0308; 0320-0324, (2021/04/02)
In various embodiments methods of preparing hydroxybutyryl 3-hydroxybutyrate and related compounds are provided along with methods of use thereof.
PANTETHEINE DERIVATIVES AND USES THEREOF
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Paragraph 2121, (2020/06/19)
The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I), (II), or (II'): (I), (II), (II'), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.
Process Optimisation Studies and Aminonitrile Substrate Evaluation of Rhodococcus erythropolis SET1, A Nitrile Hydrolyzing Bacterium
Coady, Tracey M.,Coffey, Lee,Kinsella, Michael,Lennon, Claire M.,Mareya, Tatenda M.,O'Reilly, Catherine
, p. 512 - 520 (2020/10/02)
A comprehensive series of optimization studies including pH, solvent and temperature were completed on the nitrile hydrolyzing Rhodococcus erythropolis bacterium SET1 with the substrate 3-hydroxybutyronitrile. These identified temperature of 25 °C and pH of 7 as the best conditions to retain enantioselectivity and activity. The effect of the addition of organic solvents to the biotransformation mixture was also determined. The results of the study suggested that SET1 is suitable for use in selected organo-aqueous media at specific ratios only. The functional group tolerance of the isolate with unprotected and protected β-aminonitriles, structural analogues of β-hydroxynitriles was also investigated with disappointingly poor isolated yields and selectivity obtained. The isolate was further evaluated with the α- aminonitrile phenylglycinonitrile generating acid in excellent yield and ee (>99 % (S) – isomer and 50 % yield). A series of pH studies with this substrate indicated pH 7 to be the optimum pH to avoid product and substrate degradation.
Three new bioactive natural products from the fungus Talaromyces assiutensis JTY2
Cai, Jin,Chen, Guang-Ying,Liao, Qi-Ying,Liao, Shan,Meng, Bo-Zhen,Tang, Min-Min,Yang, Xing,Zhou, Xue-Ming
, (2019/12/24)
A novel cyclopentenone derivative, talarocyclopenta A (1), a new phenolicethers derivative, talarocyclopenta B (2) and a new itaconic acid derivative, talarocyclopenta C (3) together with four known itaconic acid derivatives (4–7) were isolated from the Talaromyces assiutensis JTY2. Their structures were elucidated by the detailed analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data. Among them, talarocyclopent (1) is the first represent an unusual type of cyclopentenone derivative, possessing a cyclopentenone unit, a 2-butanone unit and a 3-hydroxybutyric acid unit. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Compounds 1–4 showed inhibitory activities against the nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. Compound 2 showed broad spectrum antibacterial against six terrestrial pathogenic bacteria.
Nitrogen-doped cobalt nanocatalysts for carbonylation of propylene oxide
Chen, Lin,He, Lin,Xia, Chungu,Yang, Bingxiao,Zeng, Bo,Zhu, Gangli
, (2020/07/16)
Nitrogen-doped cobalt nanoparticles loaded on porous supports were developed for ring-opening carbonylation of propylene oxide. The catalysts were prepared by simply pyrolysis of Co(OAc)2/phenanthroline and supports. As proved by XPS combined with XRD and TEM characterizations, a higher amount of available Co-N sites were responsible for promoting the carbonylative activity. The selectivity of carbonylated products reached 93 percent, which is comparable to previously reported cobalt carbonyl catalysts. The novel type of carbonylative catalyst also could be reused and revealed fine stability due to the continuous generation of active [Co(CO)4]? species during reaction.
Synthesis of α,β- and β-Unsaturated Acids and Hydroxy Acids by Tandem Oxidation, Epoxidation, and Hydrolysis/Hydrogenation of Bioethanol Derivatives
Faria, Jimmy,Komarneni, Mallik R.,Li, Gengnan,Pham, Tu,Resasco, Daniel E.,Ruiz, Maria P.,Santhanaraj, Daniel
supporting information, p. 7456 - 7460 (2020/03/23)
We report a reaction platform for the synthesis of three different high-value specialty chemical building blocks starting from bio-ethanol, which might have an important impact in the implementation of biorefineries. First, oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde generates an aldehyde-containing stream active for the production of C4 aldehydes via base-catalyzed aldol-condensation. Then, the resulting C4 adduct is selectively converted into crotonic acid via catalytic aerobic oxidation (62 % yield). Using a sequential epoxidation and hydrogenation of crotonic acid leads to 29 % yield of β-hydroxy acid (3-hydroxybutanoic acid). By controlling the pH of the reaction media, it is possible to hydrolyze the oxirane moiety leading to 21 % yield of α,β-dihydroxy acid (2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid). Crotonic acid, 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, and 2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid are archetypal specialty chemicals used in the synthesis of polyvinyl-co-unsaturated acids resins, pharmaceutics, and bio-degradable/ -compatible polymers, respectively.
ORAL SUPPLEMENTS OF FATTY ACID AND AMINO ACID KETONE ESTERS TO IMPROVE METABOLIC, PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE HEALTH
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Paragraph 0030; 0032, (2019/08/27)
An ester of beta-hydroxy butyrate or derivate esterfied with an amino acid or fatty acid used as an oral supplement.
PtII-Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Terminal Aliphatic C(sp3)?H Bonds with Molecular Oxygen
Janssen, Michiel,De Vos, Dirk E.
supporting information, p. 10724 - 10734 (2019/07/15)
The practical application of Shilov-type Pt catalysis to the selective hydroxylation of terminal aliphatic C?H bonds remains a formidable challenge, due to difficulties in replacing PtIV with a more economically viable oxidant, particularly O2. We report the potential of employing FeCl2 as a suitable redox mediator to overcome the kinetic hurdles related to the direct use of O2 in the Pt reoxidation. For the selective conversion of butyric acid to γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), a significantly enhanced catalyst activity and stability (turnover numbers (TON)>30) were achieved under 20 bar O2 in comparison to current state-of-the-art systems (TON0 was prevented by the addition of monodentate pyridine derivatives, such as 2-fluoropyridine, but also by introducing varying partial pressures of N2 in the gaseous atmosphere. Finally, stability tests revealed the involvement of PtII and FeCl2 in catalyzing the non-selective overoxidation of GHB. Accordingly, in situ esterification with boric acid proved to be a suitable strategy to maintain enhanced selectivities at much higher conversions (TON>60). Altogether, a useful catalytic system for the selective hydroxylation of primary aliphatic C?H bonds with O2 is presented.
Method for preparing 3- hydroxybutyrate
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Paragraph 0056-0058; 0060-0062; 0064-0066, (2019/03/08)
The invention discloses a method for preparing 3-hydroxybutyrate. The method comprises the steps that (1) 3-ethyl hydroxybutyrate or 3-methyl hydroxybutyrate is provided and is hydrolyzed through a base catalyst to obtain 3-hydroxybutyric acid; and (2) the 3-hydroxybutyric acid reacts with an inorganic base to obtain the 3- hydroxybutyrate. Through the method, an aquatic salt forming mode is adopted, reacting is more complete, the reaction time is saved, energy consumption and material losses are lowered, the product yield is improved, and the production cost is saved. The concentration process in preparation of 3-hydroxybutyrate crude products is omitted, the series of processes of refining concentration of anhydrous ethanol, adding of acetone for crystallization, filtering, washing, drying and the like in preparing of 3-hydroxybutyrate finished products are omitted, an organic solvent, namely, acetone is omitted, material losses and energy consumption for the corresponding processesare reduced, and the production cost of the 3-hydroxybutyrate is greatly lowered. The heating process in roughing and refining of the 3-hydroxybutyrate is reduced, the problem that the 3-hydroxybutyrate finished products are easily affected with damp is also solved through the aquatic salt forming mode, and the quality of the 3-hydroxybutyrate is guaranteed.
Efficient synthesis of the ketone body ester (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate and its (S,S) enantiomer
Budin, Noah,Higgins, Erin,DiBernardo, Anthony,Raab, Cassidy,Li, Chun,Ulrich, Scott
, p. 560 - 564 (2018/07/25)
The ketone body ester (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate and its (S,S) enantiomer were prepared in a short, operationally simple synthetic sequence from racemic β-butyrolactone. Enantioselective hydrolysis of β-butyrolactone with immobilized Candida antarctica lipase-B (CAL-B) results in (R)-β-butyrolactone and (S)-β-hydroxybutyric acid, which are easily converted to (R) or (S)-ethyl-3-hydroxybutyrate and reduced to (R) or (S)-1,3 butanediol. Either enantiomer of ethyl-3-hydroxybutyrate and 1,3 butanediol are then coupled, again using CAL-B, to produce the ketone body ester product. This is an efficient, scalable, atom-economic, chromatography-free, and low cost synthetic method to produce the ketone body esters.
