30039-42-0Relevant articles and documents
Facile construction of thermo-responsive Pickering emulsion for esterification reaction in phase transfer catalysis system
Lei, Manjun,Shen, Yifeng,Sun, Jie,Yang, Lei,Yang, Lihui,Zhao, Qiangqiang,Zhao, Xiao
, (2020/12/30)
In this paper, a thermo-responsive Pickering emulsion (PE) is constructed for the esterification reaction in the phase transfer catalysis (PTC) system. Silica nanoparticle modified by alkyl polyoxyethylene ether and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) is the highly efficient thermo-responsive Pickering emulsifier to stabilize the diisopropyl ketone-in-water emulsion. PEs can keep stable at room temperature for 3 days and demulsify only in the condition of elevated temperature and agitation, which causes the easy product separation and aqueous phase recycling. The adsorption of TBA+ and nonionic surfactant via electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding, respectively, can increase the hydrophobicity and the emulsifying capacity of silica nanoparticle. The ion-pair of TBA+ and reactant anion is generated and can be transferred into the organic phase, initiating the bond-forming reaction. The modifying effect of polyoxyethylene ether is weakened with the increase of temperature due to the loss of the hydrogen bonding interaction, resulting in the demulsification of PEs. Moreover, the cloud point of polyoxyethylene ether is the temperature for the complete separation of two phases. In this PTC system, the conversion rate for the esterification can reach to 92 % and the aqueous phase can be reused at least 5 times without sacrifice of the catalytic activity, demonstrating the potential application in industry.
Tribromoisocyanuric acid (TBCA) as a mild and metal free catalyst for the acetylation and formylation of hydroxyl groups under solvent free conditions
Hekmatian, Zahra,Khazaei, Ardeshir
, p. 1565 - 1570 (2016/01/26)
A convenient approach for acetylation and formylation of various types of alcohols and phenols with acetic anhydride and formic acid in the presence of Tribromoisocyanuric acid (TBCA) as catalyst is reported. The reactions were carried out under solvent-free condition and in good to high yields at room temperature. This present method is featured with relatively mild reaction conditions, simple operation, broad substrate scope, clean work-up, short reaction times, good to high yields, excellent selectivity and also avoids tedious purifications and the use of toxic reagents.
2-(Sulfooxy)propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid as novel and versatile catalyst for the formylation of alcohols and amines using ethyl formate under neat conditions
Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Akbaripanah, Ziba
experimental part, p. 450 - 453 (2012/06/04)
2-(Sulfooxy)propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (supported on silica gel) has been introduced as novel and green catalyst for the formylation of alcohols and amines with ethyl formate, as mild formylation agent, under neat conditions at room temperature.. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.