35337-68-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Reactions of phosphate and phosphorothiolate diesters with nucleophiles: Comparison of transition state structures
Ye, Jing-Dong,Barth, Christofer D.,Anjaneyulu, Potluri S. R.,Tuschl, Thomas,Piccirilli, Joseph A.
, p. 2491 - 2497 (2008/02/14)
A series of methyl aryl phosphorothiolate esters (SP) were synthesized and their reactions with pyridine derivatives were compared to those for methyl aryl phosphate esters (OP). Results show that SP esters react with pyridine nucleophiles via a concerted SN2(P) mechanism. Bronsted analysis suggests that reactions of both SP and OP esters proceed via transition states with dissociative character. The overall similarity of the transition state structures supports the use of phosphorothiolates as substrate analogues to probe mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed phosphoryl transfer reactions. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Enhanced reactivity in the ammonolysis of phenyl thiolacetates in aqueous medium
Rajarathnam,Babu,Nadar, P. Ananthakrishna
, p. 18 - 26 (2007/10/03)
The ammonolysis of several substituted phenyl thiolacetates is kinetically studied in aqueous medium, 18°C, ionic strength 0.1 M (KCl). By following the leaving groups spectrophotometrically (λmax = 260-410 nm), under excess free ammonia, pseud
Lifetimes of iminium ions in aqueous solution
Eldin, Sherif,Jencks, William P.
, p. 4851 - 4857 (2007/10/02)
Iminium cations have been generated in aqueous solution from the solvolysis of anilinothioethers ArN-(CH3)CH2SR at 25 °C. Common ion inhibition of the solvolysis of anilinothioethers was observed when the thiolate anion leaving group
The E1cB Mechanism for Thiocarbamate Ester Hydrolysis: Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies
Bourne, Nicholas,Williams, Andrew,Douglas, Kenneth T.,Penkava, Thomas R.
, p. 1827 - 1832 (2007/10/02)
The alkaline hydrolyses of a series of S-aryl thiocarbamate esters have been measured and the mechanism confirmed to be dissociative.Equilibrium constant for the synthesis of thiocarbamates from thiol and isocyanic acid have been obtained for aqueous media using both kinetic and analytical techniques.Hammett and Broensted parameters for the equilibrium reaction indicate that there is less positive effective charge on the sulphur in the thiocarbamate compared with that on the oxygen in the oxygen analogue.Theoretical arguments are advanced to show that the dissociative reactions of simple carbamate anions involve a planar geometry of the paticipating atoms.
On Relative Leaving Abilities: Use of Isobasic Plots to Determine the Relative Nucleofugalities of Thiolates and their Oxy-analogues
Douglas, Kenneth T.,Alborz, Manoochehr
, p. 551 - 553 (2007/10/02)
The use of an isobasic plot shows that, when structures are analogous and pKa values identical, RO- departs from acetoacetate ester anions 5 * 103 times faster than RS- and 79 times faster from fluorene-9-carboxylic acid ester anions, a reversal of the apparent order of nucleofugality determined by measured rates of elimination of RS- and RO-.
Effect of Solvation on the Nucleophilic Reaction of Stable Carbanions with Diaryl Disulfides
Gilbert, H. F.
, p. 7059 - 7065 (2007/10/02)
Stable carbanions react with diaryl disulfides in aqueous solution by direct displacement (SN2) reaction to yield an arylthiol anion and the corresponding sulfide as products.The reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyl carbanions with 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) is characterized by Broensted βC value of 0.5.Nitroalkane carbanions react 102-104 slower than 1,3-dicarbonyl carbanions of the same pK and are correlated by a Broensted βC of 0.95.The second-order rate constants for the reaction of nitroalkane carbanions increase by factors of 104-106 as the solvent is changed from water to dimethyl sulfoxide.Smaller increases are observed in the rate constants for reaction of 2,4-pentadienone carbanion (102) and malonitrile carbanion (100.6) with the same sulfide.A linear correlation is found between log (kMe2SO4/kHOH) and the increase in pK for the carbon acid ionization on changing the solvent from water to dimethyl sulfoxide.The effect is attributed to large differences in ground-state carbanion solvation which are reduced or absent in the transition state.Parallels are drawn between the nucleophilic reaction of stable carbanions with diaryl disulfides and proton-transfer reactions of the same carbanions.
