3681-78-5Relevant articles and documents
Tunable aryl imidazolium ionic liquids (TAIILs) as environmentally benign catalysts for the esterification of fatty acids to biodiesel fuel
Ho, Wen-Yueh,Lin, Wesley,Lin, Yi-Jyun,Luo, Shun-Yuan,Pantawane, Amit,Su, Po-Fang,Thul, Mayur,Tseng, Shao-An,Wu, Hsin-Ru
, (2020/12/02)
Herein, we describe the synthesis of tunable aryl imidazolium ionic liquid catalysts and tested for esterification of fatty acids to biodiesel. In this work, six tunable aryl imidazolium ionic liquids (TAIILs) 1a-1f were prepared. These ionic liquids were used as the economical and reusable catalysts for the synthesis of biodiesel fuels. The reaction has been preceded in a monophase at 80 °C for 4 h, after which the product was separated from the catalyst system by a simple liquid/liquid phase separation at room temperature with excellent yields. With the simple post-process, the catalyst is reusable at least 6 times. This novel method offers a short reaction time, good yields, and environmentally benign characteristics.
A Fed-Batch Synthetic Strategy for a Three-Step Enzymatic Synthesis of Poly-?-caprolactone
Scherkus, Christian,Schmidt, Sandy,Bornscheuer, Uwe T.,Gr?ger, Harald,Kara, Selin,Liese, Andreas
, p. 3446 - 3452 (2016/11/28)
A three-step enzymatic reaction sequence for the synthesis of poly-?-caprolactone (PCL) was designed running in a fed-batch operation. The first part of the cascade consisted of two oxidation steps starting with alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzed oxidation from cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone and further oxidation to ?-caprolactone (ECL) by means of a Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenase. As a third step, lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactone to 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid (6-HHA) was designed. With this biocatalytic multistep process reported herein, severe substrate surplus and product inhibition could be circumvented by the fed-batch operation by adding the cyclohexanol substrate and by in situ product removal of ECL by hydrolysis, respectively. Up to 283 mm product concentration of 6-HHA was reached in the fed-batch operated process without loss in productivity within 20 h. After extraction and subsequent polymerization catalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase B, analysis of the unfractionated polymer revealed a bimodal distribution of the polymer population, which reached a mass average molar mass (Mw) value of approximately 63 000 g mol?1 and a dispersity (Mw/Mn) of 1.1 for the higher molecular weight population, which thus revealed an alternative route to the conventional synthesis of PCL.
METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY PREPARING CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTER
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Paragraph 0024; 0026, (2013/11/19)
A method for continuously preparing a carboxylic acid ester is disclosed. In the method of the present invention, a vertical reactor is filled with a solid catalyst, a carboxylic acid and an alcohol are introduced into a lower part of the vertical reactor, esterification is performed to form an esterized mixture, the esterized mixture is output from an upper part of the vertical reactor, and distillation is performed to isolate the carboxylic acid ester. The method of the present invention is simple, easily controlled and environmental friendly, and has significantly high conversion rate and selectivity.