3829-86-5

Basic information

• Product Name: o-Phenanthroline monohydrochloride monohydrate
• Synonyms: 1,10-phenanthroline hcl monohydrate;1,10-PHENANTHROLINIUM CHLORIDE MONO-HYDR ATE R. G., REAG. PH. EUR.;1,10-PhenanthrolineMonohydrochlorideMonohydrtae99%;1,10-PHENANTHROLINE HCL;1,10-Phenanthroline monohydrochloride monohydrate;o-Phenanthroline monohydrochloride monohydrate;1,10-Phenanthroline 1 HCL Monohydrate;,10-Phenanthroline, monohydrochloride
• CAS NO: 3829-86-5
• Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₉N₂*Cl
• Molecular Weight: 216.67
• EINECS: 223-325-1
• Product Categories: Aromatic Hydrocarbons (substituted) & Derivatives;Heterocyclic Compounds;Analytical Chemistry;Chelating Reagents;Phenanthrolines
• Mol File: 3829-86-5.mol
• Article Data: 0

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 224-225 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 365.1 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 164.8 °C
• Appearance: White to light yellow or slightly purple/Powder
• Density: 1.385 g/cm3 (-100.15 C)
• Solubility: H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear
• Water Solubility: soluble
• BRN: 4007967
• CAS DataBase Reference: o-Phenanthroline monohydrochloride monohydrate(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: o-Phenanthroline monohydrochloride monohydrate(3829-86-5)
• EPA Substance Registry System: o-Phenanthroline monohydrochloride monohydrate(3829-86-5)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: T,N
• Statements: 25-50/53
• Safety Statements: 45-60-61
• RIDADR: UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
• WGK Germany: 3
• F: 8
• HazardClass: 6.1
• PackingGroup: III
• Hazardous Substances Data: 3829-86-5(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Uses

1,10-Phenanthroline Hydrochloride is a useful research chemical.

Chemical Properties

white to light yellow or slightly purple powder

Purification Methods

1,10-Phenanthroline hydrochloride (o-phenanthroline hydrochloride) [3829-86-5] M 243.7, m 212-219o. The hydrochloride crystallises from 95% EtOH, m 212-219o as the monohydrate; the half hydrate has m 217o. The 3HCl has m 143-145o (sinters at 128o). [Thevenet et al. Acta Cryst Sect B 33 2526 1977]. [Beilstein 23 II 235, 23/8 V 421.]

InChI:InChI=1/C12H8N2.ClH/c1-3-9-5-6-10-4-2-8-14-12(10)11(9)13-7-1;/h1-8H;1H

Synthetic route

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + copper dichloride → (1,5,9,13-tetraaza-3,4,7,8,11,12,15,16-tetrabenzocyclohexadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,16-octaene)copper(I) nitrate

Conditions	Yield
In water from aq. soln. of CuCl2 and soln. of phenanthroline hydrochloride in 2:1, 1:1 molar ratio at pH 6.5 maintained by an alkali soln.; solvent evapd. in a water bath; ppt. washed (H2O); dried (air); elem. anal.;	96%

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + copper dichloride → [Cu(II)(1,10-phenantroline)2(H2O)]Cl2 complex

Conditions	Yield
In water from aq. soln. of CuCl2 and soln. of phenanthroline hydrochloride in 1:2, 1:3 molar ratio at pH 6.5 maintained by an alkali soln.; solvent evapd. in a water bath; ppt. washed (H2O); dried (air); elem. anal.;	90%

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium (90076-65-6) → C2HF6NO4S2*C12H8N2 (1309962-26-2)

Conditions	Yield
With water at 20℃; for 2h;	90%

copper(II) choride dihydrate + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + sodium p-aminobenzoate (555-06-6) → [Cu(phen)2Cl]Cl*2p‑aminobenzoic acid*4H2O

Conditions	Yield
In methanol for 1h;	88%

potassium permanganate (7722-64-7) + ammonium chloride + water (7732-18-5) + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + copper (12775-96-1, 15158-11-9, 15721-63-8, 16941-75-6, 17493-86-6, 19498-52-3, 20499-83-6, 20499-84-7, 20499-85-8, 20499-86-9, 20573-10-8, 20573-11-9, 21595-51-7, 21595-52-8, 22206-52-6, 26445-28-3, 28959-95-7, 37362-93-9, 39417-05-5, 54603-16-6, 54603-23-5, 54603-32-6, 54603-40-6, 54603-48-4, 54603-81-5, 54603-89-3, 56316-56-4, 95985-91-4, 122297-32-9, 7440-50-8) → [Cu(1,10-phenanthroline)2Cl]2[MnCl3(1,10-phenanthroline)]Cl*2water

Conditions	Yield
In methanol byproducts: Mn(2+); stirring 1:1:2:2 mixt. of copper, permanganate salt, phenanthroline deriv., NH4Cl in methanol at 50-60°C in air for 2 h; addn. of isopropanol, isolation of crystals, elem. anal.;	87%

potassium permanganate (7722-64-7) + ammonium chloride + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + copper (12775-96-1, 15158-11-9, 15721-63-8, 16941-75-6, 17493-86-6, 19498-52-3, 20499-83-6, 20499-84-7, 20499-85-8, 20499-86-9, 20573-10-8, 20573-11-9, 21595-51-7, 21595-52-8, 22206-52-6, 26445-28-3, 28959-95-7, 37362-93-9, 39417-05-5, 54603-16-6, 54603-23-5, 54603-32-6, 54603-40-6, 54603-48-4, 54603-81-5, 54603-89-3, 56316-56-4, 95985-91-4, 122297-32-9, 7440-50-8) + N,N-dimethyl-formamide (68-12-2, 33513-42-7) → [Cu(1,10-phenanthroline)2Cl]2[MnCl4]*DMF

Conditions	Yield
In methanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide byproducts: Mn(2+); stirring 1:1:2:2 mixt. of copper, permanganate salt, phenanthroline deriv., NH4Cl in methanol and DMF at 50-60°C in air for 2 h; addn. of isopropanol, isolation of crystals, elem. anal.;	82%

HP(C2H5)2C6H5(1+)*Cr(NCS)4(P(C2H5)2C6H5)2(1-) = {HP(C2H5)2C6H5}{Cr(NCS)4(P(C2H5)2C6H5)2} + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → C12H9N2(1+)*Cr(NCS)4(P(C2H5)2C6H5)2(1-) = {C12H9N2}{Cr(NCS)4(P(C2H5)2C6H5)2}

Conditions	Yield
In methanol; water; butan-1-ol dissolving of amine hydrochloride in water, addn. of the phosphine-complex in methanol-butanol; filtn. after 10-15 min, washing (methanol), drying at room temp. in air, elem. anal.;	72%

nitridotechnetic(VI) acid + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → nitridoperoxo 1,10-phenanthroline technetium(VII) (131810-72-5)

Conditions	Yield
elem. anal.;	70%

{HP(C2H5)2C6H4CH3}(1+)*Cr(NCS)4(P(C2H5)2C6H4CH3)2(1-) = {HP(C2H5)2C6H4CH3}{Cr(NCS)4(P(C2H5)2C6H4CH3)2} + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → C12H9N2(1+)*Cr(NCS)4(P(C2H5)2C6H4CH3)2(1-) = {C12H9N2}{Cr(NCS)4(P(C2H5)2C6H4CH3)2}

Conditions	Yield
In water dissolving of amine hydrochloride in water, addn. of Cr complex; addn. of methanol-butanol, filtn. after 10-15 min, washing (methanol), drying at room temp. in air, elem. anal.;	65%

mer-diaqua(oxydiacetato)oxovanadium(IV) + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → o-phenanthroline(oxydiacetato)oxovanadium(IV) monohydrate

Conditions	Yield
In water under anaerobic conditions; water soln. of ligand (1 equiv.) added slowly to aq. soln. of V complex; left to stand for 4 d; crystals collected; elem. anal.;	53%

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → 3-bromophenanthroline (66127-01-3) + 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenathroline (100125-12-0)

Conditions	Yield
With bromine In nitrobenzene at 130 - 140℃; for 3h;	A 33% B 17%
With water; bromine In nitrobenzene
With bromine In bromobenzene at 135℃; for 36h;

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → 3-bromophenanthroline (66127-01-3)

Conditions	Yield
With bromine In nitrobenzene	26%
With bromine	26%

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → 3-anisyl-1,10-phenanthroline (879879-66-0)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 26 percent / Br2 / nitrobenzene View Scheme

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → 3-anisyl-2-mesityl-1,10-phenanthroline

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 26 percent / Br2 / nitrobenzene 2: 20 percent / diethyl ether View Scheme

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → 2-mesityl-8-anisyl-1,10-phenanthroline (862694-14-2)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 26 percent / Br2 / nitrobenzene 2: 26 percent / diethyl ether View Scheme

4-chloro-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1-anthracenecarboxylic acid (6268-10-6) + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → 1-chloroanthracene-9,10-dione (82-44-0)

Conditions	Yield
With 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one In sulfuric acid; water

tris(acetylacetonato)vanadium(III) (13476-99-8) + water (7732-18-5) + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → [(V(o-phenanthroline)2Cl)2O](2+) (767607-07-8)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol reflux in MeOH;

molybdenum (IV) sulfide + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → (1,10-phenanthroline)0.295MoS2

Conditions	Yield
In water prepn. from aq. dispersion of MoS2 and aq. soln. of 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride according to A. S. Golub et al., Solid State Ionics, 1996,vol. 91, p. 307; elem. anal.;

molybdenum (IV) sulfide + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → (1,10-phenanthroline)0.095MoS2

Conditions	Yield
In water prepn. from aq. dispersion of MoS2 and aq. soln. of 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride according to A. S. Golub et al., Solid State Ionics, 1996,vol. 91, p. 307; elem. anal.;

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + copper(II) perchlorate → [Cu(phen)](2+) (15891-89-1)

Conditions	Yield
In water mixing the aq. soln. of the ligand with the metal perchlorate soln. in at least 500-fold excess; not sepd., detected in soln. by UV/VIS;

zinc(II) perchlorate + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → [Zn-1,10-phenanthroline](2+) (16561-55-0)

Conditions	Yield
In water mixing the aq. soln. of the ligand with the metal perchlorate soln. in at least 500-fold excess; not sepd., detected in soln. by UV/VIS;

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → Mn(2+)*2C12H8N2*Cr2O7(2-)=Mn(C12H8N2)2Cr2O7

Conditions	Yield
With dichromate anion In water heating to about 80°C;
With Mn(2+) salt; Cr2O7(2-) In water heating to about 80°C;

Mo(4+)*C2O4H(1-)*3OH(1-)*H2O={Mo(C2O4H)(OH)3(H2O)} + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → C12H9N2(1+)*Mo(4+)*C2O4(2-)*2OH(1-)*Cl(1-)*H2O=C12H9N2{Mo(C2O4)(OH)2Cl(H2O)}

Conditions	Yield
In water stirred; ppt. is washed (water, ethanol), dried under vac., elem. anal.;

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + nickel(II) perchlorate → [Ni(1,10-phenanthroline)](2+) (24968-26-1)

Conditions	Yield
In water mixing the aq. soln. of the ligand with the metal perchlorate soln. in at least 500-fold excess; not sepd., detected in soln. by UV/VIS;

nitrosyltrichlororhenium (15170-51-1) + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → bis(1,10-phenanthrolinium) nitrosyldichlorotrithiocyanatorhenate

Conditions	Yield
With KSCN In water the Re-complex is dissolved in a soln. of KSCN; mixt. refluxed for 15 min; phenanthrolinium hydrochloride added dropwise and with stirring; ppt. changes to oily drops at water-bath temp., mother liquor is separated, oil is repeatedly washed and dried under vac., elem. anal.;

copper hydroxide (20427-59-2) + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + L-proline (147-85-3) → Cu(L-prolinate)(1,10-phenanthroline)Cl*3H2O

Conditions	Yield
In ethanol; water L-proline in H2O added to freshly prepared Cu(OH)2, C12H8N2*HCl in ethanol added with gentle warming; residue removed, soln. concd. under reduced pressure, crystd., elem. anal.;

1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) + copper dichloride → (1,10-phenanthroline)2CuCl2

Conditions	Yield
In water at pH 6; not isolated; monitored by UV;

aquo nitrosyldihydroxo oxalato rhenic acid (87331-61-1) + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → 1,10-phenanthroline nitrosylchloro oxalato rhenium (87331-75-7)

Conditions	Yield
In water refluxing a soln. of the rhenium complex acid and 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride for 3 h; filtn., washing with water and ethanol, drying in vacuo, elem. anal.;

manganese(II) perchlorate + 1,10-phenanthroline hydrochloride (3829-86-5) → (1,10-phenanthroline)manganese(II) (19709-60-5)

Conditions	Yield
In water mixing the aq. soln. of the ligand with the metal perchlorate soln. in at least 500-fold excess; not sepd., detected in soln. by UV/VIS;

Downstream Products

• 14910-99-7 1,2-dichloro(o-phenanthroline)gold(III) chloride 
• 82-44-0 1-chloroanthracene-9,10-dione 
• 862694-14-2 8-anisyl-2-mesityl-1,10-phenanthroline 
• 879879-66-0 3-anisyl-1,10-phenanthroline 
• 66127-01-3 3-bromophenanthroline 
• 100125-12-0 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenathroline