4352-39-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Titanium(IV) Chloride-Catalyzed Photoalkylation via C(sp3)-H Bond Activation of Alkanes
Yamane, Mina,Kanzaki, Yamato,Mitsunuma, Harunobu,Kanai, Motomu
supporting information, p. 1486 - 1490 (2022/03/01)
Despite the sophistication of C-H functionalization as one of the most powerful tools in organic synthesis, methodology for performing hydrogen-atom transfer of unactivated alkanes remains rather scarce. Herein, we describe chlorine radical-catalyzed C(sp3)-H photoalkylation using titanium(IV) chloride via a ligand-to-metal charge transfer process. Enabled by the unique properties of this abundant metal salt, the reaction not only effected the coupling of various alkanes with radical acceptors but also was shown to be applicable to direct photoalkylation of aromatic ketones.
Development of a Scalable Lanthanide Halide/Quaternary Ammonium Salt System for the Nucleophilic Addition of Grignard Reagents to Carbonyl Groups and Application to the Synthesis of a Remdesivir Intermediate
Brak, Katrien,Bremner, W. Stacy,Brown, Angela M.,Chtchemelinine, Andrei,Heumann, Lars,Kerschen, James A.,Stevens, Andrew C.,Subotkowski, Witold,Vieira, Tiago,Wolfe, Lydia C.,Xu, Boran,Yu, Chia-Yun
, (2021/08/30)
This manuscript describes the development and implementation of a scalable additive system, consisting of a lanthanide salt and a solubilizing quaternary ammonium salt, to improve the yield and robustness of the addition of an organomagnesium reagent to a
Regiodivergent Hydroborative Ring Opening of Epoxides via Selective C-O Bond Activation
Magre, Marc,Paffenholz, Eva,Maity, Bholanath,Cavallo, Luigi,Rueping, Magnus
supporting information, p. 14286 - 14294 (2020/09/15)
A magnesium-catalyzed regiodivergent C-O bond cleavage protocol is presented. Readily available magnesium catalysts achieve the selective hydroboration of a wide range of epoxides and oxetanes yielding secondary and tertiary alcohols in excellent yields and regioselectivities. Experimental mechanistic investigations and DFT calculations provide insight into the unexpected regiodivergence and explain the different mechanisms of the C-O bond activation and product formation.
Light-Mediated Formal Radical Deoxyfluorination of Tertiary Alcohols through Selective Single-Electron Oxidation with TEDA2+.
Aguilar Troyano, Francisco José,Ballaschk, Frederic,Jaschinski, Marcel,?zkaya, Yasemin,Gómez-Suárez, Adrián
supporting information, p. 14054 - 14058 (2019/11/11)
The synthesis of tertiary alkyl fluorides through a formal radical deoxyfluorination process is described herein. This light-mediated, catalyst-free methodology is fast and broadly applicable allowing for the preparation of C?F bonds from (hetero)benzylic, propargylic, and non-activated tertiary alcohol derivatives. Preliminary mechanistic studies support that the key step of the reaction is the single-electron oxidation of cesium oxalates—which are readily available from the corresponding tertiary alcohols—with in situ generated TEDA2+. (TEDA: N-(chloromethyl)triethylenediamine), a radical cation derived from Selectfluor.
Triphosgene and DMAP as Mild Reagents for Chemoselective Dehydration of Tertiary Alcohols
Ganiu, Moshood O.,Cleveland, Alexander H.,Paul, Jarrod L.,Kartika, Rendy
supporting information, p. 5611 - 5615 (2019/08/01)
The utility of triphosgene and DMAP as mild reagents for chemoselective dehydration of tertiary alcohols is reported. Performed in dichloromethane at room temperature, this reaction is readily tolerated by a broad scope of substrates, yielding alkenes preferentially with the (E)-geometry. While formation of the Hofmann products is generally favored, a dramatic change in alkene selectivity toward the Zaitzev products is observed when the reaction is carried out in dichloroethane at reflux.
On the effect of backbone modifications in 3,3-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-1λ3,2-benziodaoxole
Santschi, Nico,Matthey, Coraline,Schwenk, Rino,Otth, Elisabeth,Togni, Antonio
supporting information, p. 1925 - 1931 (2015/03/18)
We report on the effect of small side-chain modifications to the structure of 3,3-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-1λ3,2-benziodaoxole (1b) on its reactivity, as expressed by the initial rate v0 in a model reaction, and show how the latter can be successfully correlated to an easily determined physical parameter p, a 13C NMR chemical shift. The relationship v0~ p is already present in the simplest starting material devoid of the hypervalent bond and the iodine core and, therefore, presents an interesting approach towards the future scaffold-optimization of this class of reagents. The reactivity of hypervalent-iodine-based trifluoromethylating agents, as expressed by the initial rate v0 in a model reaction, correlates to an easily determined physical parameter p, a 13C NMR chemical shift.
Radical pairs with rotational fluidity in the photochemical reaction of acetophenone and cyclohexane in the zeolite NAY: A 13C CPMAS NMR and product analysis study
Amboya, Ammee,Nguyen, Tina,Huynh, Hien T.,Brown, Ashley,Ratliff, Gretchen,Yonutas, Heather,Cizmeciyan, Deniz,Natarajan, Arunkumar,Garcia Garibay, Miguel A.
experimental part, p. 2322 - 2326 (2009/09/26)
The photochemical reaction of acetophenone and cyclohexane in the zeolite NaY occurs by combination of the geminate radical pairs to give products that reveal a significant amount of rotational fluidity, which was also documented by intermolecular nuclear dipolar interaction measurements using cross polarization 13C NMR (CPMAS) experiments. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2009.
A new aspect of magnesium bromide-promoted enantio-selective aryl additions of triaryl(tetrahydrofuran)aluminum to ketones catalyzed by a titanium(IV) catalyst of trans-1,2-bis(hydroxycamphorsulfonylamino)cyclohexane
Chen, Chien-An,Wu, Kuo-Hui,Gau, Han-Mou
scheme or table, p. 1626 - 1634 (2009/07/01)
A novel aspect of MgBr2-promoted asymmetric triarylaluminum- tetrahydrofuran [AlAr3 (THF)] additions to ketones catalyzed by a titanium catalyst of 20 mol% trans-1,2-bis(hydroxycamphorsulfonylamino) cyclohexane (2) is reported. The catalytic system works excellently for aromatic ketones with either an electron-withdrawing or an electrondonating substituent on the aromatic ring at the 2′-, 3′-, or 4′-positions, affording tertiary alcohols in excellent enantioselectivities of ≥90% ee, except for the cases of phenyl addition to 2′-methoxyacetophenone and 4-trimethylsilylphenyl (4-TMSC6H4) addition to acetopheneone.
Kinetic resolution of hydroperoxides with enantiopure phosphines: Preparation of enantioenriched tertiary hydroperoxides
Driver, Tom G.,Harris, Jason R.,Woerpel
, p. 3836 - 3837 (2008/02/13)
An efficient reductive kinetic resolution strategy capable of accessing optically active tertiary hydroperoxides is reported. Readily accessible tertiary hydroperoxides are resolved with commercially available (R)- or (S)-xylyl-PHANEPHOS with selectivity factors as large as 37. The resulting bis(phosphine oxide) can be recycled in high yields. The isolated mono(phosphine oxide) intermediate resolved hydroperoxides with the same selectivity as the parent bisphosphine. Copyright
Semisynthetic enzymes in asymmetric synthesis: Enantioselective reduction of racemic hydroperoxides catalyzed by seleno-subtilisin
Haering, Dietmar,Schueler, Ellen,Adam, Waldemar,Saha-Moeller, Chantu R.,Schreier, Peter
, p. 832 - 835 (2007/10/03)
The serine protease subtilisin was chemically converted into the peroxidase-active seleno-subtilisin. This semisynthetic enzyme catalyzes the enantioselective reduction of racemic hydroperoxides in the presence of thiophenols to yield optically active hydroperoxides and alcohols on the semipreparative scale. The kinetic parameters and enantioselectivities of seleno-subtilisin-catalyzed reduction of various chiral hydroperoxides were determined. The catalytic efficiency of this semisynthetic enzyme is comparable to that of the native horseradish peroxidase. The sense in the enantioselectivity of the seleno-subtilisin is opposite to the natural enzymes previously used in the synthesis of optically active hydroperoxides. Consequently, the semisynthetic enzyme selenosubtilisin complements the naturally available peroxidases for the asymmetric synthesis of both enantiomers.
