4373-41-5 Usage
Description
Different sources of media describe the Description of 4373-41-5 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Maslinic acid (2-α,3-β-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid) is a pentacyclic triterpene abundant in the cuticular lipid layer of olive fruits (Bianchi et al.，1994) .It is a compound of 30 carbon atoms grouped in five cycles that have several substitutes. Maslinic acid presents two hydroxyl groups bound to carbons 2 and 3,one carboxyl group bound to carbon 17, and a double bond between carbons 12 and 13.It is a highly hydrophobic compound of low water solubility. Maslinic acid is synthesized in plants via the cytoplasmic acetate/mevalonate pathway that leads to oxidosqualene (Seo et al., 1988).Oxidosqualene is cycled by various oxidosqualene cyclases, among them β-amyrin synthase, which catalyzes the transformation of oxydosqualene into β-amyrin (olean-12-3n-3β-ol). Afterwards,β-amyrin is converted by successive reactions into erythrodiol, oleanolic acid, and finally maslinic acid (Saimaru et al.,2007; Stiti et al.,2007).
2. Maslinic acid is found in a number of natural sources, most notably pomace olive oil (orujo). This pentacyclic triterpene has an antiproliferative effect against Caco-2 cancer cells (EC50 = 15 μM), HT-29 human colon cancer cells (EC50 = 74 μM), 1321N1 astrocytoma cells (IC50 = 25 μM), and human leukemia (CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000) cells (IC50 = 7 μM and 9 μM respectively). Maslinic acid''s antiproliferative activity likely comes from the induction of an oxidative apoptotic pathway, causing cell cycle and cytoskeleton alterations. Maslinic acid has been found to attenuate intracellular oxidative stress via inhibition of NO and H2O2 production and reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine generation in murine macrophages. Recently maslinic acid has been found to inhibit the spread of the HIV virus by inhibiting the replication of a primary HIV-1 isolate as well as decreased the cytopathic effect and p24 antigen levels in MT2 cells.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 4373-41-5 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Maslinic acid may be used as an analytical reference standard for the quantification of the analyte in the leaves of Ziziphus species and fruits using different chromatography techniques.
2. Maslinic Acid is an apoptosis inducer in lung cancer cells, occuring under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.
Definition
Maslinic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3 and a carboxy group at position 28 (the 2alpha,3beta stereoisomer). It is isolated from Olea europaea and Salvia canariensis and exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antineoplastic activity. It has a role as an antioxidant, an antineoplastic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid. It derives from a hydride of an oleanane.
General Description
Maslinic acid belongs to the class of triterpenic acids, a group of phytochemicals present in a large variety of plants. It exhibits a broad-spectrum of biological properties such as cardiovascular, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant effects, hepatoprotective effects, antitumor activity. It is also involved in enhancing the cellular immune system.
Biological Activity
Maslinic acid is found in a number of natural sources, most notably pomace olive oil (orujo). This pentacyclic triterpene has an antiproliferative effect against Caco-2 cancer cells (EC50 = 15 μM), HT-29 human colon cancer cells (EC50 = 74 μM), 1321N1 astrocytoma cells (IC50 = 25 μM), and human leukemia (CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000) cells (IC50 = 7 μM and 9 μM respectively). Maslinic acid's antiproliferative activity likely comes from the induction of an oxidative apoptotic pathway, causing cell cycle and cytoskeleton alterations. Maslinic acid has been found to attenuate intracellular oxidative stress via inhibition of NO and H2O2 production and reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine generation in murine macrophages. Recently maslinic acid has been found to inhibit the spread of the HIV virus by inhibiting the replication of a primary HIV-1 isolate as well as decreased the cytopathic effect and p24 antigen levels in MT2 cells.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Predominant triterpenoid found in olives. Anti-proliferative. Promising chemopreventive agent.
Cytotoxicity
IC50 (μg/mL): 6.48 (518A2), 13.61(HT29),17.58 (MCF-7), 11.06 (A549), 9.22(A2780), 8.04 (8505C) (Siewert et al.2014)IC50 (μg/mL): 9.97 (NIH-3T3)(Sommerwerk et al. 2016).
references
[1] reyes-zurita f j, rufino-palomares e e, lupiáez j a, et al. maslinic acid, a natural triterpene from olea europaea l., induces apoptosis in ht29 human colon-cancer cells via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway[j]. cancer letters, 2009, 273(1): 44-54.[2] garcía, a. compound from olive-pomace oil inhibits hiv spread. 070709111536, 1-1 (2007).[3] liu j, sun h, duan w, et al. maslinic acid reduces blood glucose in kk-ay mice[j]. biological and pharmaceutical bulletin, 2007, 30(11): 2075-2078.[4] guan t, qian y, tang x, et al. maslinic acid, a natural inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase, reduces cerebral ischemic injury in hyperglycemic rats by glt‐1 up‐regulation[j]. journal of neuroscience research, 2011, 89(11): 1829-1839.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 4373-41-5 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 4,3,7 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 4373-41:
(6*4)+(5*3)+(4*7)+(3*3)+(2*4)+(1*1)=85
85 % 10 = 5
So 4373-41-5 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C30H48O4/c1-25(2)12-14-30(24(33)34)15-13-28(6)18(19(30)16-25)8-9-22-27(5)17-20(31)23(32)26(3,4)21(27)10-11-29(22,28)7/h8,19-23,31-32H,9-17H2,1-7H3,(H,33,34)/t19-,20+,21-,22+,23-,27-,28+,29+,30-/m0/s1
4373-41-5Relevant articles and documents
Straightforward partial synthesis of four diastereomeric 2,3-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acids from oleanolic acid
Sommerwerk, Sven,Heller, Lucie,Serbian, Immo,Csuk, René
, p. 8528 - 8534 (2016/02/03)
The four diastereomeric 2,3-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acids (maslinic, augustic, bredemolic and 3-epi-maslinic acid) were easily accessed from one single starting material, oleanolic acid. The procedures allow the medium-to-large scale preparation of these valuable starting materials. Except for maslinic acid, the triterpenoic acids showed only a low cytotoxicity towards several human tumor cell lines.
Convenient and chromatography-free partial syntheses of maslinic acid and augustic acid
Sommerwerk, Sven,Csuk, René
, p. 5156 - 5158 (2014/12/11)
A convenient and chromatography-free 4-step synthesis of analytically pure maslinic acid (1, 41.2%) from oleanolic acid has been developed. Slight variations in the final steps gave an excellent yield of isomeric augustic acid (7, 71.9%).
Semi-synthesis of acylated triterpenes from olive-oil industry wastes for the development of anticancer and anti-HIV agents
Parra, Andres,Martin-Fonseca, Samuel,Rivas, Francisco,Reyes-Zurita, Fernando J.,Medina-O'Donnell, Marta,Martinez, Antonio,Garcia-Granados, Andres,Lupia?ez, Jose A.,Albericio, Fernando
, p. 278 - 301 (2014/02/14)
A broad set of potential bioactive conjugate compounds has been semi-synthesized through solution- and solid-phase organic procedures, coupling two natural pentacyclic triterpene acids, oleanolic (OA) and maslinic acids (MA), at the hydroxyl groups of the A-ring of the triterpene skeleton, with 10 different acyl groups. These acyl OA and MA derivatives have been tested for their anti-proliferative (against the b16f10 murine melanoma cancer cells) and antiviral (as inhibitors of the HIV-1-protease) effects. Several derivatives have shown high levels of early and total apoptosis (up to 90%). Most of the compounds that exhibited anti-proliferative effects also generated ROS, probably involving the activation of an intrinsic apoptotic route. The only four compounds that did not cause the release of ROS could be related to the participation of a probable extrinsic activation of the apoptosis mechanism. A great number of these acyl OA and MA derivatives have proved to be potent inhibitors of the HIV-1-protease, the most active inhibitors having IC 50 values between 0.31 and 15.6 μM, these values being between 4 and 186 times lower than their non-acylated precursors. The potent activities exhibited in the apoptosis-activation processes and in the inhibition of the HIV-1-protease by some OA and MA acylated derivatives imply that these compounds could be used as new, safe, and effective anticancer and/or antiviral drugs.
