4437-22-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Highly efficient catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural over defect-rich amphoteric ZrO2with abundant surface acid-base sites
Zhu, Zekun,Yang, Lingling,Ke, Changxuan,Fan, Guoli,Yang, Lan,Li, Feng
, p. 2616 - 2626 (2021/03/03)
Currently, the catalytic transformation and utilization of biomass-derived compounds are of great importance to the alleviation of environmental problems and sustainable development. Among them, furfural alcohol derived from biomass resources has been found to be one of the most prospective biomass platforms for high-value chemicals and biofuels. Herein, high-surface-area ZrO2 with abundant oxygen defects and surface acid-base sites was synthesized and used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural into furfural alcohol using alcohol as a hydrogen donor. The as-synthesized ZrO2 exhibited excellent catalytic performance with 98.2% FA conversion and 97.1% FOL selectivity, even comparable with that of a homogeneous Lewis acid catalyst. A series of characterization studies and experimental results revealed that acid sites on the surface of ZrO2 could adsorb and activate the CO bond in furfural and base sites could facilitate the formation of alkoxide species. The synergistic effect of surface acid-base sites affords a harmonious environment for the reaction, which is crucial for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural with high efficiency. Furthermore, the as-prepared ZrO2 catalyst also exhibited a potential application for the efficient catalytic transfer hydrogenation of a series of biomass-derived carbonyl compounds. This journal is
METAL-IODIDE CATALYTIC SYSTEM FOR DIRECT ETHERIFICATION FROM ALDEHYDES AND/OR KETONES
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Page/Page column 13; 14; 15, (2020/01/24)
A process for etherification of aldehydes and/or ketones in the presence of a catalyst and an iodine source.
Catalytic Activity of Ti-based MXenes for the Hydrogenation of Furfural
Naguib, Michael,Tang, Wenjie,Browning, Katie L.,Veith, Gabriel M.,Maliekkal, Vineet,Neurock, Matthew,Villa, Alberto
, p. 5733 - 5742 (2020/10/12)
Herein we report on the catalytic activity of Ti-based MXenes (Ti3CNTz and Ti3C2Tz) for biomass transformation. MXenes were found to be active catalysts for the hydrogenation of furfural using either
Chemoselective and efficient catalytic hydrogenation of furfural by iridium and ruthenium half-sandwich complexes
Makhubela, Banothile C. E.,Oklu, Novisi K.
, p. 9382 - 9390 (2020/06/17)
The efficient hydrogenation reaction of furfural (FFR) to furfuryl alcohol (FFA) was achieved with new pyridyl-imine iridium(iii) and ruthenium(ii) complexes as catalyst precursors. The hydrogenation of furfural yielded furfuryl alcohol selectively with a turnover number (TON) of 2961 and turnover frequency (TOF) of 1481 h?1. The reactions were performed with formic acid as the source of hydrogen using a catalyst loading as low as 0.025 mol% and Et3N as base. The catalyst remained active for up to seven consecutive catalyst reuse cycles. Iridium outperformed the ruthenium analogues in terms of selectivity. Iridium hydride species were detected, duringin situ1H NMR spectroscopy studies, and are believed to be the active catalytic species. A mechanism of the hydrogenation reaction has hence been proposed.
Catalytic conversion of furfuryl alcohol or levulinic acid into alkyl levulinates using a sulfonic acid-functionalized hafnium-based MOF
Gupta, Shyam Sunder R.,Kantam, Mannepalli Lakshmi
, p. 62 - 66 (2019/03/11)
Biomass conversion using reusable solid acid catalysts are highly desirable to comply with the principles of green chemistry. Here, we report a sulfonic acid-functionalized hafnium-based metal-organic framework (MOF), UiO-66(Hf)-SO3H, as an efficientsolid acidcatalyst for the alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol (FA) andesterification of levulinic acid (LA) affording alkyl levulinates (ALs). Among the as prepared UiO-66 based MOFs(UiO-66(Hf), UiO-66(Hf)-NH2, UiO-66(Hf)-SO3H and UiO-66(Zr)-SO3H), UiO-66(Hf)-SO3H holds highest Br?nsted acidity and therefore exhibits excellent catalytic activity towards production of ALs. The highest Br?nsted acidity in UiO-66(Hf)-SO3His the result of the covalently bound sulfonic acid groups present inorganic linkers along with the ligated hydroxyl groups (Hf-μ3-OH) to the Hf metal clusters.
A one-pot conversion furfural, 5 - hydroxymethyl furfural furan
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Paragraph 0030-0033, (2021/05/12)
A one-pot conversion furfural, 5 - hydroxymethyl furfural furan method, characterized by comprising the following steps: the furfural, 5 - hydroxymethyl furfural, catalyst, solvent are added in the reactor with a condensation device, in an inert atmosphere, in the 80 - 250 °C reaction temperature, stirring, reaction 0.5 - 30 h, ice water bath cooling. The invention will be furfural, 5 - hydroxymethyl furfural two substrates through a pot conversion of furan, simplify operation process, avoiding the loss of the material and the step of, maximum utilization of resources; in suitable process conditions, greatly shortens the reaction time, the production cost is reduced, thereby improving the production efficiency; in the normal pressure on the temperate conditions, high expectations for production equipment, in accordance with the principles of safe production; and forming the lignin is suitable for pre-treatment of wood cellulose acid or catalytic generation of furfural, 5 - hydroxymethyl furfural mixture one-pot conversion of furan, to proceed from the biomass resources for producing tetrahydrofuran.
Dehydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to diformylfuran in compressed carbon dioxide: An oxidant free approach
Chatterjee, Maya,Ishizaka, Takayuki,Chatterjee, Abhijit,Kawanami, Hajime
, p. 1315 - 1326 (2017/08/15)
The dehydrogenation of biomass-based 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) was achieved utilizing an activated carbon supported rhodium (Rh/C) catalyst under mild reaction conditions. The developed method successfully afforded complete conversion and the highest selectivity of DFF (>99%) without any additive, conventional hydrogen acceptor and oxidant. The efficiency of the method is achieved by the addition of compressed carbon dioxide (scCO2) and the synergistic effect of scCO2 and Rh/C, where scCO2 plays a pivotal role in accelerating the reaction by removing hydrogen, and consequently shifting the equilibrium to the forward direction. Optimization of different reaction parameters ensures the achievement of high conversion and selectivity. Characterization of the catalyst using different spectroscopic techniques suggests an interaction between the substrate and the catalyst and provides an indication of the possible reaction pathway, thus a mechanism would be outlined. The rate determining step of the reaction was calculated through mechanistic investigations involving theoretical calculations together with experimental analysis. One of the most attractive features of the method developed in this study is the reverse reaction of DFF, which can be achieved in one-pot without the addition of any external hydrogen. This process has successful application to the dehydrogenation of a variety of alcohols with different substituents.
A Novel Consecutive Approach for the Preparation of Cu–MgO Catalysts with High Activity for Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol
Ghashghaee, Mohammad,Sadjadi, Samahe,Shirvani, Samira,Farzaneh, Vahid
, p. 318 - 327 (2017/02/18)
Abstract: A consecutive approach is introduced and tested for the first time to synthesize copper-magnesia catalysts with different (Cr, Ca, and Co) promoters for the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural. The comparison of the activity of these catalysts with that prepared via conventional co-precipitation indicated the superior activity of the former. A stable conversion of furfural (up to 91%) to furfuryl alcohol was achieved over the thus-prepared Cu–MgO and CaCu–MgO catalysts. However, both CoCu–MgO and CaCu–MgO demonstrated higher selectivities (about 99%) than the other two samples (Cu–MgO and CrCu–MgO). No direct interconnection was established between the catalytic activity and structural features of the catalysts, however. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
The influence of metal selection on catalyst activity for the liquid phase hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol
O'Driscoll,Leahy,Curtin
, p. 194 - 201 (2016/11/23)
In this work the replacement of toxic chromium containing catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol was investigated. The initial focus was on the synthesis of monometallic catalysts by wet impregnation and concentrated on the employment of metals such as platinum, palladium, copper and nickel. Experiments were conducted using ethanol as the solvent which was found to have a negative effect on the selectivity to the desired product, furfuryl alcohol, with high quantities of 2-Furaldehyde diethyl acetal and difurfuryl ether formed. Consequently, toluene was selected as an alternative solvent facilitating selectivity to furfuryl alcohol only. It was found that platinum was the most promising metal of those studied as it displayed higher selectivity to furfuryl alcohol and was subsequently employed for the synthesis of bimetallic catalysts. The bimetallic catalysts were synthesised by surface reactions using a variety of promoter metals selected according on their electronegativity. It was found that, while the selectivity of all catalysts to furfuryl alcohol was close to 100%, the conversion was influenced significantly by the second metal and followed the order tin > molybdenum > manganese > barium > iron > nickel. The purpose of the research was to produce an active catalyst for the liquid phase hydrogenation under suitable industrial conditions with the results presented here conducted at 100 °C and 20 bar hydrogen pressure. Furfural conversion of 47% and close to 100% selectivity to furfuryl alcohol was achieved using a 0.6%Pt0.4%Sn/SiO2 catalyst.
Role of alkali earth metals over Pd/Al2O3 for decarbonylation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Meng, Qingwei,Qiu, Chengwu,Ding, Guoqiang,Cui, Jinglei,Zhu, Yulei,Li, Yongwang
, p. 4377 - 4388 (2016/07/06)
A series of Pd/Al2O3 catalysts with different alkali earth metals (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) and varying Sr loadings (1.8, 3.5, 5.3, 7 and 8.8 wt%) were investigated for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) decarbonylation. The alkali earth metal and content were demonstrated to have profound influences on the metal dispersion, electron density of the metal, acid-base properties of the catalyst, and catalytic performance. The Pd3Sr/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited the highest initial activity and furfuryl alcohol selectivity, achieving a yield of 92%. The key to high decarbonylation selectivity is the suppression of hydrogenolysis and etherification side reactions through the attenuation of the acidity of catalysts. Successful catalytic activity not only lies in the increased metallic surface area, but is also affected by the adsorption properties of the carbonyl group and the poisoning CO produced. The catalytic activity is linearly correlated to the surface metallic area at low modifier loading over PdM/Al2O3 catalysts. But along with further increased metallic surface area over PdXSr/Al2O3, HMF conversion initially increased, reaching a plateau over Pd3Sr/Al2O3 and then decreased with increasing Sr loading. A synergistic effect between the Sr species and metallic Pd was proposed, which promoted the migration of carbonyl adsorption from the support to the surface Pd through the electron donation of Sr species to Al2O3 and metallic Pd.
