46751-32-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Kinetics and mechanism of nucleophilic substitution of acridine by chloride ion in octahedral tin(IV) complexes
Siddiqi, K S,Aqra, Fathi M A M,Shah, S A,Zaidi, S A A
, p. 406 - 408 (2007/10/02)
The nucleophilic substitution of acridine by chloride ion in SnCl4L2 and R2SnCl2L2 (where R = Me, Bu, Ph, and L = acridine) carried out in acetonitrile at ambient temperature follows first order kinetics.A millimolar solution of the complexes in acetonitrile shows increase in conductance with time indicating solvation which is enhanced in the presence of SOCl2, C6H5COCl and CH3COCl suggesting the replacement of acridine by chloride ion.The rate constants k1, k2 and the thermodynamic parameters (activation energy, entropy, and enthalpy) have been calculated.The nucleophilicity of these reagents has been found to be in the order:SOCl2 > C6H5COCl > CH3COCl.
Hypervalent monoorganyl- and diorganyltin(IV) fluoride complexes: A 19F and 119Sn study of inter- and intramolecular dynamics in solution
Dakternieks, Dainis,Zhu, Hongjian
, p. 3820 - 3825 (2008/10/08)
Reactions of fluoride ion with diorganyltin(IV) dichlorides R2SnCl2 (R = Ph, Me, nBu, tBu) and monoorganyltin(IV) halides RSnCl3 (R = Ph, Me, nBu) in dichloromethane solution have been studied using variable-temperature 19F and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy. A number of hypervalent tin species are identified in solution including [Ph2SnF3]-, [Ph2SnClF2]-, and [Ph2SnCl2F]-, which are stereochemically rigid on the NMR time scale at -100°C but fluxional at about -80°C. The fluoride in [Ph2SnCl2F]- and [Ph2SnClF2]- shows a smaller apicophilicity than the chloride. Addition of fluoride ion causes appreciable R group migration for R = Ph.
Tin-119 NMR studies on diorganoyltin(IV)dihalides and triorganoyltin(IV)halides; Formation and stereochemistry of adducts
Colton, Ray,Dakternieks, Dainis
, p. 31 - 36 (2008/10/08)
The reactions of R2SnX2 (R = Ph, Me; X = Cl, Br) with excess halide, tributylphosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine and tributylphosphine oxide have been investigated in dichloromethane solution by tin-119 and phosphorus-31 NMR techniques. R2SnX2 form five coordinate 1:1 adducts with halide and phosphine (phos) ligands whilst both 1:1 and 1:2 adducts are formed with tributylphosphine oxide (L). Tin-119 spectra imply that Ph2SnX2(phos) has the phosphine in the equatorial position of a trigonal bipyramid. At low temperature there is evidence for a slow intramolecular twist mechanism between octahedral isomers of Ph2SnCl2L2. The stereochemistry of the complexes Ph2SnX2L2 differ between chloro and bromo compounds and no mixed halide complex is observed. In the case of the bromo system only, the 1:3 adduct [Ph2SnBrL3]+Br- is formed. Ph3SnCl does not react with phosphines but it does give 1:1 adducts with Cl-, L and pyridine. All the adducts have similar tin-119 chemical shifts which is consistent with the phenyl groups being equatorial in the five coordinate trigonal bipyramidal adducts. Ph4Sn does not form adducts with X-, L or phosphine.
