477-51-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Asymmetric Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of (?)-Podophyllotoxin and Related Aryltetralin Lignans
Li, Jian,Zhang, Xiao,Renata, Hans
supporting information, p. 11657 - 11660 (2019/08/02)
(?)-Podophyllotoxin is one of the most potent microtubule depolymerizing agents and has served as an important lead compound in antineoplastic drug discovery. Reported here is a short chemoenzymatic total synthesis of (?)-podophyllotoxin and related aryltetralin lignans. Vital to this approach is the use of an enzymatic oxidative C?C coupling reaction to construct the tetracyclic core of the natural product in a diastereoselective fashion. This strategy allows gram-scale access to (?)-deoxypodophyllotoxin and is readily adaptable to the preparation of related aryltetralin lignans.
Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of Deoxy-, epi-, and Podophyllotoxin and a Biocatalytic Kinetic Resolution of Dibenzylbutyrolactones
Lazzarotto, Mattia,Hammerer, Lucas,Hetmann, Michael,Borg, Annika,Schmermund, Luca,Steiner, Lorenz,Hartmann, Peter,Belaj, Ferdinand,Kroutil, Wolfgang,Gruber, Karl,Fuchs, Michael
, p. 8226 - 8230 (2019/05/21)
Podophyllotoxin is probably the most prominent representative of lignan natural products. Deoxy-, epi-, and podophyllotoxin, which are all precursors to frequently used chemotherapeutic agents, were prepared by a stereodivergent biotransformation and a biocatalytic kinetic resolution of the corresponding dibenzylbutyrolactones with the same 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase. The reaction can be conducted on 2 g scale, and the enzyme allows tailoring of the initial, “natural” structure and thus transforms various non-natural derivatives. Depending on the substitution pattern, the enzyme performs an oxidative C?C bond formation by C?H activation or hydroxylation at the benzylic position prone to ring closure.
Divergent Asymmetric Syntheses of Podophyllotoxin and Related Family Members via Stereoselective Reductive Ni-Catalysis
Xiao, Jian,Cong, Xiao-Wei,Yang, Gui-Zhen,Wang, Ya-Wen,Peng, Yu
supporting information, p. 1651 - 1654 (2018/03/23)
A nickel-catalyzed reductive cascade approach to the efficient construction of diastereodivergent cores embedded in podophyllum lignans is developed for the first time. Their gram-scale access paved the way for unified syntheses of naturally occurring podophyllotoxin and other members.
Synthesis and Computational Studies Demonstrate the Utility of an Intramolecular Styryl Diels-Alder Reaction and Di-t-butylhydroxytoluene Assisted [1,3]-Shift to Construct Anticancer dl-Deoxypodophyllotoxin
Saavedra, Diana I.,Rencher, Benjamin D.,Kwon, Doo-Hyun,Smith, Stacey J.,Ess, Daniel H.,Andrus, Merritt B.
, p. 2018 - 2026 (2018/02/23)
Deoxypodophyllotoxin is a secondary metabolite lignan possessing potent anticancer activity with potential as a precursor for known anticancer drugs, but its use is limited by scarcity from natural sources. We here report the total synthesis of racemic de
Design and synthesis of novel 4'-demethyl-4-deoxypodophyllotoxin derivatives as potential anticancer agents
Zhu, Xiong,Fu, Junjie,Tang, Yan,Gao, Yuan,Zhang, Shijin,Guo, Qinglong
supporting information, p. 1360 - 1364 (2016/02/23)
A group of podophyllotoxin (PPT) derivatives (7a-j) were synthesized by conjugating aryloxyacetanilide moieties to the 4'-hydroxyl of 4'-demethyl-4-deoxypodophyllotoxin (DDPT), and their anticancer activity was evaluated. It was found that the most potent compound 7d inhibited the proliferation of three cancer cell lines with sub to low micromolar IC50 values. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that 7d induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase in MGC-803 cells, and regulated the expression of cell cycle check point proteins, such as cyclin A, cyclin B, CDK1, cdc25c, and p21. Finally, 4 mg/kg of 7d reduced the weights and volumes of HepG2 xenografts in mice. Our findings suggest that 7d might be a potential anticancer agent.
Synthesis and insecticidal activity of new deoxypodophyllotoxin derivatives modified in the D-ring
Wang, Juanjuan,Yu, Xiang,Zhi, Xiaoyan,Xu, Hui
supporting information, p. 4542 - 4545 (2015/02/06)
In continuation of our program aimed at the discovery of new natural-product-based insecticidal agents, twenty-six deoxypodophyllotoxin derivatives modified in the D-ring were synthesized and evaluated as insecticidal agents against the pre-third-instar larvae of oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) in vivo at 1 mg/mL. The configuration of three compounds 3, 4, and IIIi was unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It demonstrated that aminolysis of deoxypodophyllotoxin in the presence of pyrrolidine and piperidine could result in complete inversion of the configuration of the carbonyl group at its C-2 position. Five compounds IIa, IIi-k, and IIIh showed the equal or higher insecticidal activity than toosendanin. Especially IIj displayed the most potent insecticidal activity with the final mortality rate of 65.5%.
Synthesis and insecticidal activity of new deoxypodophyllotoxin-based phenazine analogues against Mythimna separata walker
Wang, Juanjuan,Zhi, Xiaoyan,Yu, Xiang,Xu, Hui
, p. 6336 - 6343 (2013/07/26)
In continuation of our program aimed at the discovery and development of natural-product-based insecticidal agents, a series of new deoxypodophyllotoxin- based phenazine analogues modified in their E-ring were prepared, and their structures were well characterized by 1H NMR, HRMS, ESI-MS, IR, optical rotation, and mp. The absolute steric configuration of one key isomer was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Their insecticidal activity was examined against the pre-third-instar larvae of oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) in vivo at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. All derivatives showed delayed insecticidal activity. Especially compound 9i, containing p-methoxybenzoylamnio at the C-9′ position of deoxypodophyllotoxin-based phenazine fragment, exhibited the most promising insecticidal activity with the final mortality rate of 72.4%. According to the symptoms of the tested M. separata, the derivatives likely displayed an antimolting hormone effect. In addition, preliminary structure-activity relationships were observed. These suggested that the proper length of the side chain of alkylacylamino might be important for their insecticidal activity, and introduction of the acylamino groups at the C-9′ position of deoxypodophyllotoxin-based phenazine fragment usually afforded more potent compounds than those containing the same ones at the C-10′ position. This will pave the way for further design, structural modification, and development of deoxypodophyllotoxin-based derivatives as insecticidal agents.
Synthesis and antimitotic and tubulin interaction profiles of novel pinacol derivatives of podophyllotoxins
Abad, Andrés,López-Pérez, José L.,Del Olmo, Esther,García-Fernández, Luis F.,Francesch, Andrés,Trigili, Chiara,Barasoain, Isabel,Andreu, José M.,Fernand Díaz,San Feliciano, Arturo
experimental part, p. 6724 - 6737 (2012/09/25)
Several pinacol derivatives of podophyllotoxins bearing different side chains and functions at C-7 were synthesized through reductive cross-coupling of podophyllotoxone and several aldehydes and ketones. While possessing a hydroxylated chain at C-7, the compounds retained their respective hydroxyl group with either the 7α (podo) or 7β (epipodo) configuration. Along with pinacols, some C-7 alkylidene and C-7 alkyl derivatives were also prepared. Cytotoxicities against neoplastic cells followed by cell cycle arrest and cellular microtubule disruption were evaluated and mechanistically characterized through tubulin polymerization inhibition and assays of binding to the colchicine site. Compounds of the epipodopinacol (7β-OH) series behaved similarly to podophyllotoxin in all the assays and proved to be the most potent inhibitors. Significantly, 7α-isopropyl-7-deoxypodophyllotoxin (20), without any hydroxyl function, appeared as a promising lead compound for a novel type of tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Experimental results were in overall agreement with modeling and docking studies performed on representative compounds of each series.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of derivatives of 4- deoxypodophyllotoxin as antitumor agents
Jin, Yan,Liu, Jie,Huang, Wen-Ting,Chen, Shi-Wu,Hui, Ling
experimental part, p. 4056 - 4061 (2011/11/12)
In an attempt to generate compounds with superior bioactivity and reduced toxicity, a series of derivatives of deoxypodophyllotoxin were synthesized by reacting 4′-demethyl-4-deoxypodophyllotoxin with substituted piperazines or their amino acid amides. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds against three human cancer cell lines was evaluated. We found that p- nitrophenylpiperazine substitution (Compound 8b) led to an increase in the potency of the compound. Compound 8b exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity against A-549, HeLa and SiHa cells (IC50 values were 0.102, 0.180 and 0.0195 μM, respectively). In addition, flow cytometric analysis showed that 8b induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase accompanied by apoptosis in A-549 cells.
First synthesis and biological evaluation of novel spin-labeled derivatives of deoxypodophyllotoxin
Zhang, Zhi-Wei,Zhang, Jia-Qiang,Hui, Ling,Chen, Shi-Wu,Tian, Xuan
experimental part, p. 1673 - 1677 (2010/05/18)
Deoxypodophyllotoxin inhibits tubulin polymerization and induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M, followed by apoptosis. In order to find compounds with superior bioactivity and less toxicity, a series of spin-labeled derivatives of deoxypodophyllotoxin were synthesized by reacting 4′-demethyl-4-deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPPT) with N-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyloxycarbonyl) amino acids. The cytotoxic activities against three tumor cell lines (HL-60, RPMI-8226, A-549) in vitro and the antioxidative activities in tissues of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats of target compounds were evaluated, and the results indicated that compounds 11a-h were more potent in terms of cytotoxicities and antioxidative activities than either parent compound DPPT or anticancer drug VP-16.
