4819-83-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Shape-selective organic-inorganic zeolitic catalysts prepared via interlayer expansion
De Baerdemaeker, Trees,Vandebroeck, Wannes,Gies, Hermann,Yilmaz, Bilge,Müller, Ulrich,Feyen, Mathias,De Vos, Dirk
, p. 169 - 175 (2014)
Interlayer expansion of layered zeolite precursors is achieved via the insertion of an additional T-atom in between the layers, typically by means of a silylating agent as source of the T-atom. (3-Mercaptopropyl) methyldimethoxysilane was used as Si-source in the interlayer expansion of the layered zeolite precursors RUB-36 and RUB-39. The structure expansion was confirmed with PXRD. The incorporation of the silylating agent was followed with 29Si MAS NMR, 13C CP MAS NMR and thermogravimetric analysis. The incorporated thiol groups were oxidized with H2O 2 to obtain sulfonic acid groups in between the layers. 13C CP MAS NMR was used to characterize the organic species and monitor the conversion of thiol to propylsulfonic groups. The shape-selective properties of the obtained materials were investigated in acid-catalyzed tetrahydropyranylation reactions.
Rethinking Basic Concepts-Hydrogenation of Alkenes Catalyzed by Bench-Stable Alkyl Mn(I) Complexes
Weber, Stefan,St?ger, Berthold,Veiros, Luis F.,Kirchner, Karl
, p. 9715 - 9720 (2019/10/14)
An efficient additive-free manganese-catalyzed hydrogenation of alkenes to alkanes with molecular hydrogen is described. This reaction is atom economic, implementing an inexpensive, earth-abundant nonprecious metal catalyst. The most efficient precatalyst is the bench-stable alkyl bisphosphine Mn(I) complex fac-[Mn(dippe)(CO)3(CH2CH2CH3)]. The catalytic process is initiated by migratory insertion of a CO ligand into the Mn-alkyl bond to yield an acyl intermediate which undergoes rapid hydrogenolysis to form the active 16e Mn(I) hydride catalyst [Mn(dippe)(CO)2(H)]. A range of mono- A nd disubstituted alkenes were efficiently converted into alkanes in good to excellent yields. The hydrogenation of 1-alkenes and 1,1-disubstituted alkenes proceeds at 25 °C, while 1,2-disubstituted alkenes require a reaction temperature of 60 °C. In all cases, a catalyst loading of 2 mol % and a hydrogen pressure of 50 bar were applied. A mechanism based on DFT calculations is presented, which is supported by preliminary experimental studies.
Cyclopropenium Enhanced Thiourea Catalysis
Smajlagic, Ivor,Durán, Rocio,Pilkington, Melanie,Dudding, Travis
supporting information, p. 13973 - 13980 (2018/11/21)
An integral part of modern organocatalysis is the development and application of thiourea catalysts. Here, as part of our program aimed at developing cyclopropenium catalysts, the synthesis of a thiourea-cyclopropenium organocatalyst with both cationic hydrogen-bond donor and electrostatic character is reported. The utility of the this thiourea organocatalyst is showcased in pyranylation reactions employing phenols, primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols under operationally simple and mild reaction conditions for a broad substrate scope. The addition of benzoic acid as a co-catalyst facilitating cooperative Br?nsted acid catalysis was found to be valuable for reactions involving phenols and higher substituted alcohols. Mechanistic investigations, including kinetic and 1H NMR binding studies in conjunction with density function theory calculations, are described that collectively support a Br?nsted acid mode of catalysis.
Solvent-free tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols catalyzed by amine methanesulfonates
Wang, Rui,Sun, Mingzhu,Jiang, Heng
experimental part, p. 61 - 67 (2012/02/16)
A comparative study of tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols under various solvents or solvent-free conditions using different amine methanesulfonates as catalysts shows that tetrahydropyranyl ethers of alcohols are obtained under solvent-free conditions in good yields using catalytic amounts of triethylenediamine methanesulfonate, 1,6-hexanediamine methanesulfonate, diethylenetriamine methanesulfonate and pyridine methanesulfonate, respectively. The reaction occurs readily in short times at room temperature catalyzed by these catalysts, especially triethylenediamine methanesulfonate. Some of the major advantages of this procedure are that the catalysts are environmentally friendly, highly effective, and easy to prepare and handle. The reaction is also clean and needs no solvent, and the work-up is very simple.
Metal benzenesulfonates/acetic acid mixtures as novel catalytic systems: Application to the protection of a hydroxyl group
Wang, Min,Gao, Jingjing,Song, Zhiguo
experimental part, p. 1349 - 1352 (2011/01/11)
A surprising synergistic effect has been discovered in mixtures of metal benzenesulfonates (Co, Al, Ni, Zn, Cd, Pr, La, Cu, Mn) and acetic acid, leading to active catalytic systems for the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols to produce tetrahydropyranyl ethers. All reactions proceed mildly and efficiently with moderate to high yields at room temperature without solvent. After the reaction, the metal benzenesulfonate can be easily recovered and reused many times. The efficiency of these systems might result from the "double activation" by Bronsted and Lewis acid catalysis.
1,6-Hexanediamine methanesulfonate: A mild and efficient catalyst for the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols under solvent-free conditions
Wang, Rui,Jiang, Heng
experimental part, p. 171 - 176 (2012/01/05)
Various alcohols react with 3,4-dihydro-2 H-pyran under mild conditions using a catalytic amount of 1,6-hexanediamine methanesulfonate. It affords the corresponding tetrahydropyranyl ethers in good yields at a faster rate in the absence of solvent. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Copper nitrate/acetic acid as an efficient synergistic catalytic system for the chemoselective tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols
Wang, Min,Song, Zhi-Guo,Gong, Hong,Jiang, Heng
experimental part, p. 177 - 179 (2010/04/02)
Tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols was accomplished successfully using copper nitrate and acetic acid as a synergistic catalyst at room temperature under solvent-free condition. Compared with other synergistic catalytic systems, copper nitrate/acetic acid proved to be the most efficient. Both alcohols (primary, secondary, tertiary, benzylic, cyclic, allyl, cinnamyl, and furyl) and phenols reacted smoothly in high yields. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
Copper p-toluenesulfonate/acetic acid: A recyclable synergistic catalytic system for the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols
Wang, Min,Song, Zhi-Guo,Jiang, Heng,Gong, Hong
experimental part, p. 601 - 604 (2009/08/07)
Copper p-toluenesulfonate/acetic acid was found to be an efficient, chemoselective synergistic catalytic system, with catalyst loading as low as 0.3 mol% leading to clean, high-yielding tetrahydropyranylation of a variety of alcohols and phenols. By simple phase-separation, copper p-toluenesulfonate can be easily recovered and reused for several times without deterioration in catalytic activity.
Generally applicable organocatalytic tetrahydropyranylation of hydroxy functionalities with very low catalyst loading
Kotke, Mike,Schreiner, Peter R.
, p. 779 - 790 (2008/01/03)
This paper presents the first acid-free, organocatalytic tetrahydropyran and 2-methoxypropene protection of alcohols, phenols, and other ROH derivatives utilizing privileged N,N′-bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiourea and a polystyrene-bound analogue. The reactions are broadly applicably (also on preparative scale), in particular, to acid-sensitive substrates such as aldol products, hydroxy esters, acetals, silyl-protected alcohols, and cyanohydrins. The catalytic efficiency is truly remarkably with turnover numbers of 100,000 and turnover frequencies of up to 5700 h-1 at catalyst loadings down to 0.001 mol%. The computationally supported mechanistic interpretation emphasizes the hydrogen bond assisted heterolysis of the alcohol and concomitant preferential stabilization of the oxyanion hole in the transition state. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
Raney Nickel: An effective reagent for reductive dehalogenation of organic halides
Barrero,Alvarez-Manzaneda,Chahboun,Meneses,Romera
, p. 485 - 488 (2007/10/03)
Raney Nickel is an effective reagent to achieve the chemoselective reductive dehalogenation of organic halides. Fluorides and vinyl halides are unreactive under the used experimental conditions.
