56379-64-7

Upstream product

• 1821-12-1 4-Phenylbutyric acid 
• 108-95-2 phenol 
• 937-41-7 phenyl acrylate 
• 100-39-0 benzyl bromide 
• 18496-54-3 phenylbutyric acid chloride 
• 637-50-3 1-phenylpropene 
• 1864-94-4 phenyl formate 
• 162147-97-9 1-chloro-4-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfinyl)-2-butanone 

Downstream Products

• 3360-41-6 4-phenyl-butan-1-ol 
• 6335-83-7 4-(2-phenylethyl)phenol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Reductive Radical Conjugate Addition of Alkyl Electrophiles Catalyzed by a Cobalt/Iridium Photoredox System

Alkyl and aryl halides have been studied extensively as radical precursors; however, mild and less toxic conditions for the activation of alkyl bromides toward alkyl radicals are still desirable. Reported here is a reductive radical conjugate addition tha

Iodobenzene Dichloride in the Esterification and Amidation of Carboxylic Acids: In-Situ Synthesis of Ph3PCl2

A novel, in-situ synthesis of dichlorotriphenylphosphorane (Ph3PCl2) is accomplished upon combining PPh3and the easily prepared hypervalent iodine reagent iodobenzene dichloride (PhICl2). The phosphorane is selectively generated in the presence of carboxylic acid or alcohol residues to rapidly produce acyl chlorides and alkyl chlorides in high yields. Addition of EtOH, PhOH, BnOH, Et2NH or CH2N2results in the direct synthesis of esters, amides and diazo ketones from carboxylic acids.

Pd-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Hydroesterification of Aryl Olefins with Phenyl Formate

An effective Pd-catalyzed regiodivergent hydroesterification of aryl olefins with phenyl formate is described. Either linear or branched phenyl arylpropanoates can be obtained in good yields with high regioselectivities by the judicious choice of ligand without the use of toxic CO gas.

Sulfonated polypyrene (S-PPR) as efficient catalyst for esterification of carboxylic acids with equimolar amounts of alcohols without removing water

Sulfonated polypyrene (S-PPR) efficiently catalyzed the reactions between carboxylic acids and equimolar amounts of alcohols with and without heptane to give the corresponding esters in good to excellent yields. Esterification was carried out at 110 °C without removing water. Transesterification of carboxylic esters with a slight excess of alcohols smoothly proceeded without heptane to give the corresponding esters in good yields. For these reactions, S-PPR was recycled without significant loss of activities.

MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS

The present invention provides methods of designing molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) which have applications in extracting bioactive compounds from a range of bioprocessing feedstocks and wastes. The present invention is further directed to MIPs designed by the methods of the present invention.

Zr(IV)-Fe(III), -Ga(III), and -Sn(IV) binary metal complexes as synergistic and reusable esterification catalysts

Synergism in catalytic activity with the combined use of Hf(O-i-Pr) 4 or Zr(O-i-Pr)4 and Fe(O-i-Pr)3 for direct esterification and a very simple method for their extraction with ionic liquids for their recovery and reuse are described. This Zr(IV)-Fe(III) complex is an environmentally benign catalyst due to its high turnover number, extremely mild Lewis acidity, low toxicity, reusability, and commercial availability at low cost.

Process for producing esterificated condensate

The present invention provides a method for preparing ester or thioester that can conduct catalytic esterification reaction with an equimolar amount of carboxylic acid and alcohol, or catalytic thioesterification reaction with carboxylic acid and an equimolar amount or small amount of thiol, and can be expected as an industrial method that needs an enormous amount of synthesis in the light of green chemistry. By using hafnium chloride (IV), especially tetravalent hafnium compounds represented by hafnium chloride (IV)?(THF)2 or hafnium (IV)t-butoxide as a (poly) condensation catalyst, direct condensation reaction is conducted from carboxylic acid and an equimolar amount of alcohol or a little smaller amount of thiol, in the nonpolar solvent such as toluene and the like, in a deoxidization atmosphere and under heating reflux, and the reaction synthesizes ester monomer or thioester monomer, polyester or polythioester. When heating reflux is conducted by using a nonpolar solvent, it is preferable to remove azeotropic water from the reaction system.

Water-tolerant and reusable catalysts for direct ester condensation between equimolar amounts of carboxylic acids and alcohols

ZrOCl2 · 8 H2O and HfOCl2 · 8 H2O are highly effective, water-tolerant, and reusable homogeneous catalysts for direct ester condensation be-tween equimolar amounts of carboxylic acids and alcohols. Notably, zirconium(IV) salts such as ZrOCl2 · 8 H2O and Zr(OAc)x(OH)y are potential green catalysts due to their low toxicity, commercial availability at low cost, ease of handling, high catalytic activity, and reusability.

Direct ester condensation from a 1:1 mixture of carboxylic acids and alcohols catalyzed by hafnium(IV) or zirconium(IV) salts

To promote atom efficiency in synthesis and to avoid the generation of environmental waste, the use of stoichiometric amounts of condensing reagents or excess substrates should be avoided. In esterification, excess amounts of either carboxylic acids or alcohols are normally needed. We found that the direct condensation of equimolar amounts of carboxylic acids and alcohols could be achieved using hafnium(IV) or zirconium(IV) salts. These metal salts are highly effective as catalysts for the selective esterification of primary alcohols with carboxylic acids in the presence of secondary alcohols or aromatic alcohols. The present methods can be applied to direct polyesterification and may be suitable for large-scale operations.

Ligand exchange reaction of sulfoxides in organic synthesis: A versatile procedure for one-carbon homologation of methylesters to esters, thioesters, carboxylic acids and amides

A novel two-step procedure for one-carbon homologation of methylesters to esters, thioesters, carboxylic acids and amides is described. Methylesters are reacted with lithium carbanion of chloromethyl phenyl sulfoxide to give α-chloro α-sulfinyl ketones in 70 to 90% yields. Potassium enolate of the α-chloro α-sulfinyl ketone was treated with tert-butyllithium at -78°C to give alkynolate via alkylidene carbenoid. This intermediate was treated with alcohols, thioles, 5% aqueous NaOH, and amine hydrochlorides to afford one-carbon homologated esters, thioesters, carboxylic acids and amides, respectively, in good to excellent yields.