57117-44-9

Basic information

• Product Name: 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran
• Synonyms: 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo[b,d]furan; Dibenzofuran, 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachloro; dibenzofuran, 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachloro-
• CAS NO: 57117-44-9
• Molecular Formula: C12H2Cl6O
• Molecular Weight: 374.84
• Mol File: 57117-44-9.mol
• Article Data: 18

Chemical Properties

• Boiling Point: 478.7°Cat760mmHg
• Flash Point: 243.3°C
• Appearance: /
• Density: 1.766g/cm³
• Vapor Pressure: 7.26E-09mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.717
• CAS DataBase Reference: 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran(57117-44-9)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran(57117-44-9)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 57117-44-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran (HxCDF) is a highly toxic and persistent organic pollutant that belongs to the group of dioxins. It is characterized by its ability to persist in the environment and accumulate in the food chain, posing a significant risk to human and animal health due to its harmful effects on the reproductive, developmental, and immune systems, as well as being a potential human carcinogen.

Uses

Given the highly toxic nature of 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran, it is not intended for any direct use in applications or industries due to its hazardous properties. Instead, efforts are focused on regulating its presence under various international conventions and implementing strict emission controls to minimize its release into the environment. This is crucial to protect both human health and the environment from the detrimental effects associated with HxCDF exposure.

InChI:InChI=1/C12H2Cl6O/c13-4-1-3-7-6(2-5(14)8(15)10(7)17)19-12(3)11(18)9(4)16/h1-2H

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Relevant articles and documents

Emission factors and importance of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PCNs, PAHs and PM 10 from the domestic burning of coal and wood in the U.K.

This paper presents emission factors (EFs) derived for a range of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) when coal and wood were subject to controlled burning experiments, designed to simulate domestic burning for space heating. A wide range of POPs were emitted, with emissions from coal being higher than those from wood. Highest EFs were obtained for particulate matter, PM10, (～ 10 g/kg fuel) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (～ 100 mg/ kg fuel for ΣPAHs). For chlorinated compounds, EFs were highest for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), with polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) being less abundant. EFs were on the order of 1000 ng/kg fuel for ΣPCBs, 100s ng/ kg fuel for ΣPCNs and 100 ng/kg fuel for ΣPCDD/Fs. The study confirmed that mono- to trichlorinated dibenzofurans, Cl1,2,3DFs, were strong indicators of low temperature combustion processes, such as the domestic burning of coal and wood. It is concluded that numerous PCB and PCN congeners are routinely formed during the combustion of solid fuels. However, their combined emissions from the domestic burning of coal and wood would contribute only a few percent to annual U.K. emission estimates. Emissions of PAHs and PM 10 were major contributors to U.K. national emission inventories. Major emissions were found from the domestic burning for Cl1,2,3DFs, while the contribution of PCDD/F-ΣTEQ to total U.K. emissions was minor.

Catalytic NOx reduction with simultaneous dioxin and furan oxidation.

The engineering, construction, performance and running costs of a catalytic flue gas cleaning component in the low dust area of a municipal waste incinerator is discussed. For this purpose, the case study of a Flemish incineration plant is presented, covering the history, the design procedure of the catalyst, relevant process data and the financial aspects. A reliable PCDD/F-destruction by means of oxidation by the catalyst to typical values of 0.001 ng TEQ/Nm3 has been demonstrated. At the same time, NOx- and CO-emissions are reduced by 90% and 20% to about 50 mg/Nm3 and below 10 mg/Nm3, respectively.

Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins and dibenzofurans from catalytic and thermal oxidizers burning dilute chlorinated vapors

Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (dioxins) have been found from 57 field tests on the oxidation of low (a few to a few hundred) parts per million levels of chlorinated and non-chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The oxidation occurs in catalytic oxidizers with platinum, platinum/palladium or chromium(IV) oxide combustion catalysts, or in thermal oxidizers (without a catalyst). The catalyst inlet temperatures ranged from 293 to 573°C. The thermal oxidizer operating temperatures (post-flame) were from 773 to 927°C. Data of the toxic dioxin and furan isomers are reported and also weighted and expressed as international toxic equivalents (TEQ) of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. The maximum stack emissions, 1.07 ng/m3 TEQ, occurred at 293°C. Salient results of this field study are: (1) TEQ levels in the stack exponentially increase with a decrease in operating temperature, an empirical equation is TEQ (ng/dscm)=8.4 exp(-0.0084T°C); (2) dioxin/furan production occurs at the combustion catalyst; (3) small variations in temperature cause large changes in the congener distribution of the dioxin and furan isomers; (4) molar TEQ yields from the parent compounds fed to the oxidizers are very small (10 -9-10-13); (5) catalytic and thermal oxidizers may destroy dioxins fed from the ambient air; and (6) the oxidation of chlorinated VOCs with non-chlorinated VOCs reduces emissions of dioxins, likely due to the consumption of Cl in producing HCl. Laboratory investigations are needed to understand how dioxins are formed (and emitted) under conditions of this study.