5792-36-9

Usage

Preparation

Preparation by reaction of propionic acid with resorcinol,in the presence of zinc chloride (Nencki reaction), at reflux (160–165°) ? for 15 min, at 150° for 20 min in the presence of boron trifluoride for 2 h at 70° (79%), at 80° (67%) ? or at 105–108° for 15 min (71%) in the presence of polyphosphoric acid for 10–20 min in a boiling water bath ? (65%) in the presence of 70% perchloric acid at reflux for 30 min (70%) in the presence of Amberlite IR-120 (cation exchange resin sulfonic acid type) ? at 160° for 2–3 h (76%) Preparation by reaction of propionitrile with resorcinol (Hoesch reaction) (75%) (65%) (46%)(35%) Preparation by reaction of propionic anhydride with resorcinolin the presence of Amberlite IR-120 (cation exchange resin sulfonic acid ? type) at 160° for 2–3 h (82%) in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid (small drops) at 130° for some ? min (60%)Also obtained by Fries rearrangement of resorcinol dipropionatewith aluminium chloride at 180–185° for 90 min (25%) with boron trifluoride, in the presence of resorcinol, at 75° for 1 h (83%) Also obtained by reaction of ethylmagnesium bromide with 2,4-dihydroxy-N, N-diethylbenzamide in refluxing benzene (12%).

Upstream product

• 108-46-3 recorcinol 
• 102-29-4 Resorcinol monoacetate 
• 2295-58-1 flopropione 
• 105-38-4 vinyl propionate 
• 3145-11-7 1,1'-(2,4,6-trihydroxy-1,3-phenylene)bis(propan-1-one) 
• 6963-54-8 1,3-bis(propanoyloxy)benzene 
• 79-03-8 propionyl chloride 
• 107-12-0 propiononitrile 
• 123-62-6 propionic acid anhydride 
• 802294-64-0 propionic acid 

Downstream Products

• 128889-91-8 7-acetoxy-4-ethyl-3-phenyl-coumarin 
• 2569-75-7 7-Hydroxy-2,3-dimethylchromone 
• 401607-01-0 1-(2,4-bis-benzoyloxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one 
• 57646-00-1 7-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran 
• 831-00-5 2,4-dimethoxypropiophenone 
• 854691-96-6 1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-phenyl)-propan-1-one 
• 101002-30-6 1-(4-Decyloxy-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one 
• 108-58-7 Resorcinol diacetate 
• 117844-79-8 2,4-dihydroxy-3-iodopropiophenone 
• 116221-99-9 (E)-3-Phenyl-acrylic acid 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-((E)-styryl)-4H-chromen-7-yl ester 
• 80472-55-5 4-ethyl-7-hydroxy-3-phenyl-chromen-2-one 
• 112030-34-9 4-ethyl-3-phenyl-7-phenylacetoxy coumarin 
• 37456-35-2 2-hydroxy-4-(3-methyl-n-butoxy)propiophenone 
• 5631-98-1 7-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-(2'-furyl)chromone 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of new chromeno-carbamodithioate derivatives and preliminary evaluation of their antioxidant activity and molecular docking studies

New chromeno carbamodithioates (7a-i), have been synthesized from 2, 3-dimethyl-7-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one (5), carbondisulphide and commercially available acyclic and cyclic secondary amines in acetonitrile with good to excellent yields. The free radical scavenging activity of novel chromone-carbamodithioate analogues was quantitatively estimated by spectrophotometric method. Whereas, molecular docking studies were performed with the active site of cyclooxygenase-2 to identify hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and ionic interactions between protein and ligands. The compounds 7g and 7h demonstrated potent antioxidant activity with IC50 of 1.405?±?0.019?mM and 1.382?±?0.35?mM respectively compared to Ascorbic acid.

Determining Essential Requirements for Fluorophore Selection in Various Fluorescence Applications Taking Advantage of Diverse Structure-Fluorescence Information of Chromone Derivatives

Herein, we report our work exploring the essential requirements for fluorophore selection during the development of various fluorescence applications. We assembled a library of chromone-derived fluorophores with diverse structure-fluorescence properties, which allowed us to choose the fluorophore pairs with similar structures but differing fluorescence properties and compared the performance of the selected fluorophore pairs in three types of commonly used fluorescence applications. We found that the selection standard of a suitable fluorophore is variable depending on the application. (1) In fluorescence imaging, fluorophores with strong and constant fluorescence under various conditions, such as a large pH range, are preferred. Notably, (2) in the detection of bioactive species, fluorophores with relatively lower fluorescence quantum yield favor the detection sensitivity. Furthermore, (3) in enzymatic assays employing fluorescence, the key parameter is the binding affinity between the fluorophore and the enzyme.

Exploring efficacy of natural-derived acetylphenol scaffold inhibitors for α-glucosidase: Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biochemical studies

The discovery of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors and anti-diabetic candidates from natural or natural-derived products represents an attractive therapeutic option. Here, a collection of acetylphenol analogues derived from paeonol and acetophenone were synthesized and evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Most of derivatives, such as 9a–9e, 9i, 9m–9n and 11d–1e, (IC50 = 0.57 ± 0.01 μM to 8.45 ± 0.57 μM), exhibited higher inhibitory activity than the parent natural products and were by far more potent than the antidiabetic drug acarbose (IC50 = 57.01 ± 0.03 μM). Among these, 9e and 11d showed the most potent activity in a non-competitive manner. The binding processes between the two most potent compounds and α-glucosidase were spontaneous. Hydrophobic interactions were the main forces for the formation and stabilization of the enzyme - acetylphenol scaffold inhibitor complex, and induced the topography image changes and aggregation of α-glucosidase. In addition, everted intestinal sleeves in vitro and the maltose loading test in vivo further demonstrated the α-glucosidase inhibition of the two compounds, and our findings proved that they have significant postprandial hypoglycemic effects.

Biocatalytic Friedel–Crafts Acylation and Fries Reaction

The Friedel–Crafts acylation is commonly used for the synthesis of aryl ketones, and a biocatalytic version, which may benefit from the chemo- and regioselectivity of enzymes, has not yet been introduced. Described here is a bacterial acyltransferase which can catalyze Friedel–Crafts C-acylation of phenolic substrates in buffer without the need of CoA-activated reagents. Conversions reach up to >99 %, and various C- or O-acyl donors, such as DAPG or isopropenyl acetate, are accepted by this enzyme. Furthermore the enzyme enables a Fries rearrangement-like reaction of resorcinol derivatives. These findings open an avenue for the development of alternative and selective C?C bond formation methods.

Natural products as sources of new fungicides (II): antiphytopathogenic activity of 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl ethanone derivatives

A series of 17 simple 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl) ethanones were synthesised, and their structures characterised by 1H, 13C NMR and ESI-MS. Their in vitro antifungal activities were evaluated against five phytopathogenic fungi including Glomerella cingulate, Botrytis cirerea, Fusarium graminearum, Curvularia lunata and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum by the mycelial growth inhibition assay. Compounds 2g and 2h exhibited broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against the mycelial growth of the tested pathogens with IC50 values in the range of 16-36 g/mL, and in particular being more active to G. cingulate, with IC50 values of 16.50 and 19.25 g/mL, respectively, than the other pathogens. Preliminary SAR indicated that an α,β-unsaturated ketone unit of the alkyl chain of the compounds is the structure requirement for fungicidal action. The results suggested that 2g and 2h may be promising leads in the development of new antifungal agents.

Development of 3-alkyl-6-methoxy-7-hydroxy-chromones (AMHCs) from natural isoflavones, a new class of fluorescent scaffolds for biological imaging

Starting from 7-hydroxyisoflavones, we developed a new class of fluorescent scaffolds, 3-alkyl-6-methoxy-7-hydroxy-chromones (AMHCs, MW ～ 205.19, λab ～ 350 nm, λem ～ 450 nm) via a trial and error process. AMHCs have the advantages of being a small molecular moiety, having strong fluorescence in basic buffers, reasonable solubility and stability, non-toxicity, and are conveniently linked to pharmacophores. AMHCs were successfully used in fluorescence microscopy imaging of cells and tissues. This journal is

Synthesis, antiproliferative, and c-Src kinase inhibitory activities of 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran derivatives

A new class of 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran derivatives were synthesized and their antiproliferative activity examined against a panel of three human cancer cell lines, that is, breast carcinoma (MDA-MB-468), ovarian adenocarcinoma (SK-OV-3), and colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29). Two compounds, that is, 3-hexyl-7,8-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran and (E)-ethyl 3-(7-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-yl)acrylate were found to be potent against all three cancer cell lines studied at 50 μM concentration. Also, the inhibitory potency of the compounds was evaluated against active Src kinase. A few of these compounds exhibited modest Src kinase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 52-57 μM). Structure-activity relationship studies with respect to the nature and position of substituents on the lead compounds could be further exploited for the design and development of more potent antiproliferative agents and/or Src kinase inhibitors.

Discovery and SAR study of hydroxyacetophenone derivatives as potent, non-steroidal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonists

Compound 1 (IC50 = 35.2 ± 7.2 μM), a moderate FXR antagonist was discovered via high-throughput screening. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that the shape and the lipophilicity of the substituents of the aromatic ring affect the activity dramatically, increasing the shape and the lipophilicity of the substituents of the aromatic ring enhances the potency of FXR antagonists. Especially, when the OH at C2 position of the aromatic ring was replaced by the OBn substituent (analog 2b), its activity could be improved to IC50 = 1.1 ± 0.1 μM. Besides, the length of the linker and the tetrazole structure are essential for retaining the activity.

Synthesis of novel 7-(heteryl/aryl)chromones via Suzuki coupling reaction

A series of new 7-heteroaryl and arylchromones 6a-l were synthesized in moderate to good yields by the Suzuki reaction of the triflate (pseudo halide) 5 and a variety of heteroaryl and aryl boronic acids. The resulting products may be used as precursors for synthesis of potentially relevant compounds. The structures of all synthesized compounds were established based on IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and DIPMS.

Arylalkyl ketones, benzophenones, desoxybenzoins and chalcones inhibit TNF-α induced expression of ICAM-1: Structure-activity analysis

The interaction between leukocytes and the vascular endothelial cells (EC) via cellular adhesion molecules plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Small molecules that block these interactions have been targeted as potential therapeutic agents against acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. In an effort to identify potent intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) inhibitors, a large number of arylalkyl ketones, benzophenones, desoxybenzoins and chalcones and their analogs (54 in total) have been synthesized and screened for their ICAM-1 inhibitory activity. The structure-activity relationship studies of these compounds identified three potent chalcone derivatives and also demonstrated the possible mechanism for their ICAM-1 inhibitory activities. The most active compound was found to be 79. A large number of arylalkyl ketones, benzophenones, desoxybenzoins and chalcones as well as their analogs (54 in total) were synthesized and screened for their ICAM-1 inhibitory activity. The structure-activity relationship studies of these compounds identified three potent chalcone derivatives and also demonstrated a possible mechanism of their ICAM-1 inhibitory activities. The most active compound was found to be 79. Copyright