621-27-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
CATALYTIC FUNNELING OF PHENOLICS
-
Paragraph 0034; 0089-0090; 0167-0168, (2021/04/30)
In general, present invention concerns an integrated wood-to-xylochemicals biorefinery, enabling production of renewable phenol, phenolic oligomers, propylene, and carbohydrate pulp from lignocellulosic biomass.
Synthesis of Highly Substituted Phenols and Benzenes with Complete Regiochemical Control
Zhang, Xiaojie,Beaudry, Christopher M.
supporting information, p. 6086 - 6090 (2020/08/12)
Substituted phenols are requisite molecules for human health, agriculture, and diverse synthetic materials. We report a chemical synthesis of phenols, including penta-substituted phenols, that accommodates programmable substitution at any position. This method uses a one-step conversion of readily available hydroxypyrone and nitroalkene starting materials to give phenols with complete regiochemical control and in high chemical yield. Additionally, the phenols can be converted into highly and even fully substituted benzenes.
Practical Cleavage of Acetals by Using an Odorless Thiol Immobilized on Silica
de Léséleuc, Mylène,Kukor, Andrew,Abbott, Shaun D.,Zacharie, Boulos
, p. 7389 - 7393 (2019/12/03)
A practical, efficient and general method was developed for the deprotection of a variety of aromatic and aliphatic acetals to their corresponding catechol or diol derivatives using thiol immobilized on silica gel. This is an application for the well-known commercial solid-supported thiol (SiliaMetS Thiol). The procedure is mild and amenable to scale-up. It does not require inert atmosphere and clean conversions were observed. This method is applicable to substituted 1,3-benzodioxole and aliphatic acetals with different functionalities. It offers the advantage of a general route with high yield, which can be undertaken at ambient temperature.
PRODUCTION OF 3-ALKYLPHENOLS AND USES THEREOF
-
Page/Page column 20, (2016/12/16)
In general the present invention concerns a method for conversion of particular 4-alkyl-2- hydroxyphenols and 4-alkyl-2-alkoxyphenols into 3-alkylphenols. More specifically, this invention relates to a novel process of selectively forming meta-alkyl phenols of various alkylphenols, such as for instance converting the fraction of 4-alkyl-2-hydroxyphenols and 4- alkyl-2-alkoxyphenols into high yields of 3-alkylphenols.
Chemo- and Regioselective Hydrogenolysis of Diaryl Ether C-O Bonds by a Robust Heterogeneous Ni/C Catalyst: Applications to the Cleavage of Complex Lignin-Related Fragments
Gao, Fang,Webb, Jonathan D.,Hartwig, John F.
supporting information, p. 1474 - 1478 (2016/02/12)
We report the chemo- and regioselective hydrogenolysis of the C-O bonds in di-ortho-substituted diaryl ethers under the catalysis of a supported nickel catalyst. The catalyst comprises heterogeneous nickel particles supported on activated carbon and furnishes arenes and phenols in high yields without hydrogenation. The high thermal stability of the embedded metal particles allows C-O bond cleavage to occur in highly substituted diaryl ether units akin to those in lignin. Preliminary mechanistic experiments show that this catalyst undergoes sintering less readily than previously reported catalyst particles that form from a solution of [Ni(cod)2].
Synthesis of tsetse fly attractants from a cashew nut shell extract by isomerising metathesis
Baader,Podsiadly,Cole-Hamilton,Goossen
, p. 4885 - 4890 (2015/01/08)
Starting from a purified cashew nut shell extract containing mostly anacardic acid derivatives, the tsetse fly attractants 3-ethyl- and 3-propylphenol were selectively synthesised. The mixture was first converted into 3-(non-8-enyl)phenol in 98% purity via ethenolysis and distillation with concomitant decarboxylation. The olefinic side chain was then shortened by isomerising cross-metathesis with short-chain olefins in the presence of a [Pd(μ-Br)(tBu3P)]2 isomerisation catalyst and a second-generation Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst, and the synthesis was completed by a hydrogenation step.
A 'meta effect' in the fragmentation reactions of ionised alkyl phenols and alkyl anisoles
Bouchoux, Guy,Sablier, Michel,Miyakoshi, Tetsuo,Honda, Takashi
experimental part, p. 539 - 546 (2012/09/22)
The competition between benzylic cleavage (simple bond fission [SBF]) and retro-ene rearrangement (RER) from ionised ortho, meta and para RC 6H4OH and RC6H4OCH3 (R = n-C3H7, n-C4H9, n-C5H11, n-C7H15, n-C9H19, n-C 15H31) is examined. It is observed that the SBF/RER ratio is significantly influenced by the position of the substituent on the aromatic ring. As a rule, phenols and anisoles substituted by an alkyl group in meta position lead to more abundant methylene-2,4-cyclohexadiene cations (RER fragmentation) than their ortho and para homologues. This 'meta effect' is explained on the basis of energetic and kinetic of the two reaction channels. Quantum chemistry computations have been used to provide estimate of the thermochemistry associated with these two fragmentation routes. G3B3 calculation shows that a hydroxy or a methoxy group in the meta position destabilises the SBF and stabilises the RER product ions. Modelling of the SBF/RER intensities ratio has been performed assuming two single reaction rates for both fragmentation processes and computing them within the statistical RRKM formalism in the case of ortho, meta and para butyl phenols. It is clearly demonstrated that, combining thermochemistry and kinetics, the inequality (SBF/RER) metaorthopara holds for the butyl phenols series. It is expected that the 'meta effect' described in this study enables unequivocal identification of meta isomers from ortho and para isomers not only of alkyl phenols and alkyl anisoles but also in other alkyl benzene series. Copyright
Selective catalytic carbanionic ethylation of methylphenols: Influence of catalyst and substitution pattern
Steele, Barry R.,Villalonga-Barber, Carolina,Micha-Screttas, Maria,Screttas, Constantinos G.
, p. 2093 - 2097 (2007/10/03)
Addition of ethylene to the carbanions formed by the metallation of the lithium salts of di- and trimethylphenols by the strongly basic system, n-BuLi-LiK(OCH2CH2NMe2)2 provides a useful synthetic route to a range of alkylphenols. The ease of alkylation of the methyl groups decreases in the order ortho>meta>para while the inclusion of Mg(OCH2CH2OEt)2 in the catalyst restricts alkylation to the methyl groups ortho to the hydroxy group. Dialkylation occurs only at the ortho-methyl groups and only if the adjacent meta-position is unsubstituted. The potential of these products for the synthesis of sterically hindered ligands is outlined.
A practical synthesis of 3-n-propylphenol, a component of tsetse fly attractant blends
Ujvary, Istvan,Mikite, Gyula
, p. 585 - 587 (2013/09/05)
A practical synthesis of the tsetse fly attractant 3-n-propylphenol involves the Grignard reaction of 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde and ethylmagnesium bromide affording a benzylic alcohol-type phenol derivative that upon catalytic hydrogenation gives the title product in 75% overall yield. Selection of the right solvent mixture and temperature range for the Grignard reaction is crucial for the kilogram-scale preparation of the target compound.
Substituted acid derivatives useful as antidiabetic and antiobesity agents and method
-
, (2008/06/13)
Compounds are provided which have the structure wherein Q is C or N, A is 0 or S, Z is O or a bond, X is CH or N and R1, R2, R2a, R2b, R2c, R3, Y, x, m, and n are as defined herein, which compounds are useful as antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and antiobesity agents.
