624-42-0Relevant articles and documents
C -Methylation of Alcohols, Ketones, and Indoles with Methanol Using Heterogeneous Platinum Catalysts
Siddiki, S. M. A. Hakim,Touchy, Abeda S.,Jamil, Md. A. R.,Toyao, Takashi,Shimizu, Ken-Ichi
, p. 3091 - 3103 (2018/04/14)
A versatile, selective, and recyclable heterogeneous catalytic method for the methylation of C-H bonds in alcohols, ketones, and indoles with methanol under oxidant-free conditions using a Pt-loaded carbon (Pt/C) catalyst in the presence of NaOH is reported. This catalytic system is effective for various methylation reactions: (1) the β-methylation of primary alcohols, including aryl, aliphatic, and heterocyclic alcohols, (2) the α-methylation of ketones, and (3) the selective C3-methylation of indoles. The reactions are driven by a borrowing-hydrogen mechanism. The reaction begins with the dehydrogenation of the alcohol(s) to afford aldehydes, which subsequently undergo a condensation reaction with the nucleophile (aldehyde, ketone, or indole), followed by hydrogenation of the condensation product by Pt-H species to yield the desired product. In all of the methylation reactions explored in this study, the Pt/C catalyst exhibits a significantly higher turnover number than other previously reported homogeneous catalytic systems. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the high catalytic activity of Pt can be rationalized in terms of the adsorption energy of hydrogen on the metal surface, as revealed by density functional theory calculations on different metal surfaces.
Recent Synthetic Developments in Thiocarbonyl Chemistry
Metzner, Patrick
, p. 1 - 16 (2007/10/02)
Direct oxidation of enethiolizable thioketones and dithioesters with a peroxycarboxylic acid affords the corresponding sulfines quantitatively.This observation stands in contrast with literature expectations, stating that this reaction would lead to divinyl disulfides.The oxidation shows a high stereoselectivity: delivery of the oxygen proceeds from the side opposite to the alkylthio group of dithioesters and from the side opposite to the more hindered substituent in the case of thioketones.The thermal stability of these sulfines was studied and a novel rearrangementwas observed.The second part of this report deals with the thio-Claisen rearrangement of precursors bearing a chiral centre adjacent to the pericyclic nucleus and its use for stereocontrol in the acyclic series.This thermally facile transposition leads to allylated dithioesters with good to excellent yields.A high diastereomeric selectivity was obtained in a number of cases involving either a steric effect with alkyl groups on the chiral centre or a noteworthy electronic effect when this centre bears a heteroatomic group.It was also carried out in the homochiral series.A favoured conformation and approach model is proposed to explain the formation of syn isomers.