6330-09-2Relevant articles and documents
Diastereoselective synthesis of pyrrolo[1, 2-c]imidazoles using chiral thiohydantoins, malononitrile, and aldehydes and evaluation of their antioxidant and antibacterial activities
Asghari, Sakineh,Jadidi, Khosrow,Mollanejad, Khadijeh
, (2019/12/30)
Diastereoselective synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazoles is reported from three-component reaction of chiral thiohydantoins, aldehydes, and malononitrile in the presence of NEt3. The antioxidant properties of the obtained products were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Among the products, compound 4l possessing NH2 and NH groups and bromine atom at 4-position of the aromatic ring displayed the highest antioxidant activity (90%). Also, their antibacterial activities were explored against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. Among the synthesized compounds, 4a with chlorine atom at para position of the aromatic ring, and methyl group (the smallest alkyl group) at 7-position, displayed the best antibacterial activity against the tested gram-positive bacteria.
Systematic Evaluation of the Metabolism and Toxicity of Thiazolidinone and Imidazolidinone Heterocycles
Tang, Shi Qing,Lee, Yong Yang Irvin,Packiaraj, David Sheela,Ho, Han Kiat,Chai, Christina Li Lin
, p. 2019 - 2033 (2015/11/02)
The thiazolidine and imidazolidine heterocyclic scaffolds, i.e., the rhodanines, 2,4-thiazolidinediones, 2-thiohydantoins, and hydantoins have been the subject of debate on their suitability as starting points in drug discovery. This attention arose from the wide variety of biological activities exhibited by these scaffolds and their frequent occurrence as hits in screening campaigns. Studies have been conducted to evaluate their value in drug discovery in terms of their biological activity, chemical reactivity, aggregation-based promiscuity, and electronic properties. However, the metabolic profiles and toxicities have not been systematically assessed. In this study, a series of five-membered multiheterocyclic (FMMH) compounds were selected for a systematic evaluation of their metabolic profiles and toxicities on TAMH cells, a metabolically competent rodent liver cell line and HepG2 cells, a model of human hepatocytes. Our studies showed that generally the rhodanines are the most toxic, followed by the thiazolidinediones, thiohydantoins, and hydantoins. However, not all compounds within the family of heterocycles were toxic. In terms of metabolic stability, 5-substituted rhodanines and 5-benzylidene thiohydantoins were found to have short half-lives in the presence of human liver microsomes (t1/2 30 min) suggesting that the presence of the endocyclic sulfur and thiocarbonyl group or a combination of C5 benzylidene substituent and thiocarbonyl group in these heterocycles could be recognition motifs for P450 metabolism. However, the stability of these compounds could be improved by installing hydrophilic functional groups. Therefore, the toxicities and metabolic profiles of FMMH derivatives will ultimately depend on the overall chemical entity, and a blanket statement on the effect of the FMMH scaffold on toxicity or metabolic stability cannot and should not be made.
Structure and activity studies of glycine receptor ligands. Part 8. Arylidene-imidazoline-4-one aminoacids
Karolak-Wojciechowska, Janina,Mrozek, Agnieszka,Kie?-Kononowicz, Katarzyna,Handzlik, Jadwiga
, p. 25 - 36 (2007/10/03)
Based on chemical and preliminary biological experiments (inhibition to glycine receptor), structure and activity relationship of arylidene-imidazoline-4-one amino acids has been studied. In the course of our work, the simulation of the hydrogen bonds formation between ligand molecule and hypothetical receptor has been designed. Computed interactions are going to simulate possible ligand-receptor interaction with selected amino acids (in this investigation - with basic lysine and acidic aspartic acid). Obtained model estimates roughly the binding energy of the amino acids with ligand molecules. The proposed amino acids binding energies approximately agree with activity of the isomeric benzylidene-imidazoline-4-one glycines and α-alanines which decreases in the order of m-Cl > p-Cl > o-Cl substituents in benzylidene moiety. Additionally, the lowering of activity is caused by lipophilic pocket volume.