67025-97-2Relevant articles and documents
Jiang et al.
, p. 1100,1101 (1977)
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Bivalent Ligands Targeting Dopamine D2-Like Receptors and the μ-Opioid Receptor
Qian, Mingcheng,Vasudevan, Lakshmi,Huysentruyt, Jelle,Risseeuw, Martijn D. P.,Stove, Christophe,Vanderheyden, Patrick M. L.,Van Craenenbroeck, Kathleen,Van Calenbergh, Serge
, p. 944 - 956 (2018)
Currently, there is mounting evidence that intermolecular receptor–receptor interactions may result in altered receptor recognition, pharmacology and signaling. Heterobivalent ligands have been proven useful as molecular probes for confirming and targeting heteromeric receptors. This report describes the design and synthesis of novel heterobivalent ligands for dopamine D2-like receptors (D2-likeR) and the μ-opioid receptor (μOR) and their evaluation using ligand binding and functional assays. Interestingly, we identified a potent bivalent ligand that contains a short 18-atom linker and combines good potency with high efficacy both in β-arrestin 2 recruitment for μOR and MAPK-P for D4R. Furthermore, this compound was characterized by a biphasic competition binding curve for the D4R–μOR heterodimer, indicative of a bivalent binding mode. As this compound possibly bridges the D4R–μOR heterodimer, it could be used as a pharmacological tool to further investigate the interactions of D4R and μOR.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of NAP Isosteres: A Switch from Peripheral to Central Nervous System Acting Mu-Opioid Receptor Antagonists
Dewey, William L.,Gillespie, James C.,Halquist, Matthew S.,Huang, Boshi,Kulkarni, Abhishek S.,Li, Mengchu,Mendez, Rolando E.,Obeng, Samuel,Pagare, Piyusha P.,Poklis, Justin L.,Ruiz, Christian,Selley, Dana E.,Stevens, David L.,Zhang, Yan,Zheng, Yi
, (2022/03/16)
The μ opioid receptor (MOR) has been an intrinsic target to develop treatment of opioid use disorders (OUD). Herein, we report our efforts on developing centrally acting MOR antagonists by structural modifications of 17-cyclopropylmethyl-3,14-dihydroxy-4,5α-epoxy-6β-[(4′-pyridyl) carboxamido] morphinan (NAP), a peripherally acting MOR-selective antagonist. An isosteric replacement concept was applied and incorporated with physiochemical property predictions in the molecular design. Three analogs, namely, 25, 26, and 31, were identified as potent MOR antagonists in vivo with significantly fewer withdrawal symptoms than naloxone observed at similar doses. Furthermore, brain and plasma drug distribution studies supported the outcomes of our design strategy on these compounds. Taken together, our isosteric replacement of pyridine with pyrrole, furan, and thiophene provided insights into the structure-activity relationships of NAP and aided the understanding of physicochemical requirements of potential CNS acting opioids. These efforts resulted in potent, centrally efficacious MOR antagonists that may be pursued as leads to treat OUD.
An integrated approach toward nanobret tracers for analysis of gpcr ligand engagement
Boursier, Michelle E.,Hall, Mary P.,Hurst, Robin,Killoran, Michael P.,Kirkland, Thomas A.,Levin, Sergiy,Machleidt, Thomas,Ohana, Rachel Friedman,Zimmerman, Kristopher
supporting information, (2021/05/31)
Gaining insight into the pharmacology of ligand engagement with G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) under biologically relevant conditions is vital to both drug discovery and basic research. NanoLuc-based bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (NanoBRET) monitoring competitive binding between fluorescent tracers and unmodified test compounds has emerged as a robust and sensitive method to quantify ligand engagement with specific GPCRs genetically fused to NanoLuc luciferase or the luminogenic HiBiT peptide. However, development of fluorescent tracers is often challenging and remains the principal bottleneck for this approach. One way to alleviate the burden of developing a specific tracer for each receptor is using promiscuous tracers, which is made possible by the intrinsic specificity of BRET. Here, we devised an integrated tracer discovery workflow that couples machine learning-guided in silico screening for scaffolds displaying promiscuous binding to GPCRs with a blend of synthetic strategies to rapidly generate multiple tracer candidates. Subsequently, these candidates were evaluated for binding in a NanoBRET ligand-engagement screen across a library of HiBiT-tagged GPCRs. Employing this workflow, we generated several promiscuous fluorescent tracers that can effectively engage multiple GPCRs, demonstrating the efficiency of this approach. We believe that this workflow has the potential to accelerate discovery of NanoBRET fluorescent tracers for GPCRs and other target classes.
