68677-25-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Binding of serotonin to the human serotonin transporter. Molecular modeling and experimental validation
Celik, Leyla,Sinning, Steffen,Severinsen, Kasper,Hansen, Carsten G.,Moller, Maria S.,Bols, Mikael,Wiborg, Ove,Schiott, Birgit
, p. 3853 - 3865 (2008)
Molecular modeling and structure-activity relationship studies were performed to propose a model for binding of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) to the human serotonin transporter (hSERT). Homology models were constructed using the crystal structure of a bacterial homologue, the leucine transporter from Aquifex aeolicus, as the template and three slightly different sequence alignments. Induced fit docking of 5-HT into hSERT homology models resulted in two different binding modes. Both show a salt bridge between Asp98 and the charged primary amine of 5-HT, and both have the 5-HT C6 position of the indole ring pointing toward Ala173. The difference between the two orientations of 5-HT is an enantiofacial discrimination of the indole ring, resulting in the 5-hydroxyl group of 5-HT being vicinal to either Ser438/Thr439 or Ala169/Ile172/Ala173. To assess the binding experimentally, binding affinities for 5-HT and 17 analogues toward wild type and 13 single point mutants of hSERT were measured using an approach termed paired mutant-ligand analogue complementation (PaMLAC). The proposed ligand-protein interaction was systematically examined by disrupting it through site-directed mutagenesis and reestablishing another interaction via a ligand analogue matching the mutated residue, thereby minimizing the risk of identifying indirect effects. The interactions between Asp98 and the primary amine of 5-HT and the interaction between the C6-position of 5-HT and hSERT position 173 was confirmed using PaMLAC. The measured binding affinities of various mutants and 5-HT analogues allowed for a distinction between the two proposed binding modes of 5-HT and biochemically support the model for 5-HT binding in hSERT where the 5-hydroxyl group is in close proximity to Thr439.
THERAPEUTIC COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING DEUTERATED OR PARTIALLY DEUTERATED N,N-DIMETHYLTRYPTAMINE COMPOUNDS
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Page/Page column 24, (2020/12/29)
The present invention relates to compositions comprising N,N-dimethyltryptamine, deuterated N,N-dimethyltryptamine and/or partially deuterated N,N-dimethyltryptamine. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions comprising a combination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 2% or more by weight of one or more deuterated N,N- dimethyltryptamine compound selected from α,α-dideutero-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and α,α,β,β-tetradeutero-N,N-dimethyltryptamine. Additional and alternative compositions of the present invention comprise a combination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 2% or more by weight of one or more partially deuterated N,N-dimethyltryptamine compound selected from α,β,β-trideutero-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, α,β-dideutero-N,N- dimethyltryptamine, and α-deutero-N,N-dimethyltryptamine. Methods of synthesising compositions of the present invention, and methods of use of presently described compositions in treating psychiatric or psychocognitive disorders, such as major depressive disorder, are also provided.
Reduction and Reductive Deuteration of Tertiary Amides Mediated by Sodium Dispersions with Distinct Proton Donor-Dependent Chemoselectivity
Zhang, Bin,Li, Hengzhao,Ding, Yuxuan,Yan, Yuhao,An, Jie
, p. 6006 - 6014 (2018/05/24)
A practical and scalable single electron transfer reduction mediated by sodium dispersions has been developed for the reduction and reductive deuteration of tertiary amides. The chemoselectivity of this method highly depends on the nature of the proton donor. The challenging reduction via C-N bond cleavage has been achieved using Na/EtOH, affording alcohol products, while the use of Na/NaOH/H2O leads to the formation of amines via selective C-O scission. Sodium dispersions with high specific surface areas are crucial to obtain high yields and good chemoselectivity. This new method tolerates a range of tertiary amides. Moreover, the corresponding reductive deuterations mediated by Na/EtOD-d1 and Na/NaOH/D2O afford useful α,α-dideuterio alcohols and α,α-dideuterio amines with an excellent deuterium content.
Well-Defined Phosphine-Free Iron-Catalyzed N-Ethylation and N-Methylation of Amines with Ethanol and Methanol
Lator, Alexis,Gaillard, Sylvain,Poater, Albert,Renaud, Jean-Luc
supporting information, p. 5985 - 5990 (2018/10/02)
An iron(0) complex bearing a cyclopentadienone ligand catalyzed N-methylation and N-ethylation of aryl and aliphatic amines with methanol or ethanol in mild and basic conditions through a hydrogen autotransfer borrowing process is reported. A broad range of aromatic and aliphatic amines underwent mono- or dimethylation in high yields. DFT calculations suggest molecular hydrogen acts not only as a reducing agent but also as an additive to displace thermodynamic equilibria.
Marine AChE inhibitors isolated from Geodia barretti: Natural compounds and their synthetic analogs
Olsen, Elisabeth K.,Hansen, Espen,Moodie, Lindon W. K.,Isaksson, Johan,Sep?i?, Kristina,Cergolj, Marija,Svenson, Johan,Andersen, Jeanette H.
, p. 1629 - 1640 (2016/02/09)
Barettin, 8,9-dihydrobarettin, bromoconicamin and a novel brominated marine indole were isolated from the boreal sponge Geodia barretti collected off the Norwegian coast. The compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of electric eel acetylcholinesterase. Barettin and 8,9-dihydrobarettin displayed significant inhibition of the enzyme, with inhibition constants (Ki) of 29 and 19 μM respectively towards acetylcholinesterase via a reversible noncompetitive mechanism. These activities are comparable to those of several other natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of marine origin. Bromoconicamin was less potent against acetylcholinesterase, and the novel compound was inactive. Based on the inhibitory activity, a library of 22 simplified synthetic analogs was designed and prepared to probe the role of the brominated indole, common to all the isolated compounds. From the structure-activity investigation it was shown that the brominated indole motif is not sufficient to generate a high acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, even when combined with natural cationic ligands for the acetylcholinesterase active site. The four natural compounds were also analysed for their butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in addition and shown to display comparable activities. The study illustrates how both barettin and 8,9-dihydrobarettin display additional bioactivities which may help to explain their biological role in the producing organism. The findings also provide new insights into the structure-activity relationship of both natural and synthetic acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
A novel and convenient route for the construction of 5-((1H-1,2,4-triazol- 1-yl)methyl)-1H-indoles and its application in the synthesis of Rizatriptan
He, Yi,Li, Xiaolong,Li, Jue,Li, Xiaocen,Guo, Li,Hai, Li,Wu, Yong
supporting information, p. 3938 - 3941 (2014/07/08)
In this study, a novel and convenient route for the construction of 5-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-indoles (8) is presented starting from (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methanol (5) and indolines (6) under 98% H 2SO4 at room temperature for 4-24 h, followed by deacetylation and dehydrogenation. Based on this finding, a novel route to synthesize Rizatriptan starting from tryptamine was designed and accomplished with 48.5% overall yield in 6 steps. Compared with operational art, the new route afforded higher yield and more pure products requiring no chromatographic purification, which may further be applied in industrialization.
NOVEL COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING CANCER
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Paragraph 0508-0510, (2013/05/21)
Provided herein are methods and compositions inter alia for treating diseases, including hyperproliferative diseases, migraine headaches, and depression.
Synthesis and structureactivity relationship of novel conformationally restricted analogues of serotonin as 5-HT6 receptor ligands
Nirogi, Ramakrishna V.S.,Kambhampati, Ramasastri,Kothmirkar, Prabhakar,Konda, Jagadishbabu,Bandyala, Thrinath Reddy,Gudla, Parandhama,Arepalli, Sobhanadri,Gangadasari, Narasimhareddy P.,Shinde, Anil K.,Deshpande, Amol D.,Dwarampudi, Adireddy,Chindhe, Anil K.,Dubey, Pramod Kumar
scheme or table, p. 443 - 450 (2012/08/28)
5-Hydroxytryptamine 6 receptors (5-HT6R) are being perceived as the possible target for treatment of cognitive disorders as well as obesity. The present article deals with the design, synthesis, in vitro binding and structureactivity relationship of a novel series of tetracyclic tryptamines with the rigidized N-arylsulphonyl, N-arylcarbonyl and N-benzyl substituents as 5-HT6 receptor ligands. The chiral sulphonyl derivatives 15a and 17a showed high affinity at 5-HT6R with the Ki of 23.4 and 20.5nM, respectively. The lead compound from the series 15a has acceptable ADME properties, adequate brain penetration and is active in animal models of cognition like Novel Object Recognition Task (NORT) and water maze.
Tryptamine derivatives as novel non-nucleosidic inhibitors against hepatitis B virus
Qu, Shi-Jin,Wang, Gui-Feng,Duan, Wen-Hu,Yao, Shan-Yan,Zuo, Jian-Ping,Tan, Chang-Heng,Zhu, Da-Yuan
experimental part, p. 3120 - 3127 (2011/06/24)
A series of tryptamine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity and cytotoxicity in the HepG2.2.15 cell line. The preliminary SAR was discussed. Compounds 2e and 4a showed potent antiviral activity (IC50 = 0.4 and 50 = 40.6 and >25 μM, respectively).
qNMR: An applicable method for the determination of dimethyltryptamine in ayahuasca, a psychoactive plant preparation
Moura, Sidnei,Carvalho, Felipe Garcia,de Oliveira, Carolina Dizioli Rodrigues,Pinto, Ernani,Yonamine, Mauricio
experimental part, p. 79 - 83 (2010/09/03)
Ayahuasca is an Amazonian plant beverage obtained by infusing the pounded stems of Banisteriopsis caapi in combination with the leaves of Psychotria viridis. P. viridis contains the psychedelic indole N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). This association has a wide range of use in religious rituals around the world. In the present work, an easy, fast and non-destructive method by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of proton (1H NMR) for quantification of DMT in ayahuasca samples was developed and validated. 2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMBO) was used as internal standard (IS). For this purpose, the area ratios produced by protons of DMT (N(CH3)2) at 2.70 ppm, singlet, (6H) and for DMBO (Ar(OCH3)2) at 3.80 and 3.89 ppm, doublet, (6H) were used for quantification. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 12.5 μg/mL and a good intra-assay precision was also obtained (relative standard deviation 1H NMR method is not time consuming and can be readily applied to monitor this tryptamine in plant preparations. We believe that qNMR can be used for identification and quantification of many plant-based products and metabolites with important advantages, while comparing with other analytical techniques.
