6948-61-4

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Chalcone is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of numerous pharmaceuticals due to its diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. It has been studied for its potential in treating diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Used in Agrochemical Industry:
Chalcone is used as a precursor in the synthesis of various agrochemicals, such as insecticides and fungicides, due to its biological activities.
Used in Dye Industry:
Chalcone is used in the synthesis of dyes due to its yellow color and chemical properties.

Upstream product

• 102-92-1 cinnamoyl chloride 
• 100-66-3 methoxybenzene 
• 579-74-8 2-Methoxyacetophenone 
• 100-52-7 benzaldehyde 
• 100-42-5 styrene 
• 201230-82-2 carbon monoxide 
• 59099-58-0 2-methoxyphenyl triflate 
• 644-78-0 2-hydroxychalcone 
• 77-78-1 dimethyl sulfate 
• 130824-68-9 1-((E)-1,1-Dimethoxy-3-phenyl-allyl)-2-methoxy-benzene 
• 102-92-1 Cinnamoyl chloride 
• 14371-10-9 (E)-3-phenylpropenal 
• 31600-86-9 2-methoxyphenyllithium 
• 606-45-1 2-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 60857-45-6 (2-methoxyphenyl)(3-phenyloxiran-2-yl)methanone 
• 1237542-79-8 C₁₉H₂₀O₄S 
• 1255771-94-8 tert-butyl 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxylate 
• 1246850-10-1 N-((1R,2R)-2-bromo-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-1-phenylpropyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide 
• 1373121-98-2 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-3-(phenylthio)propan-1-one 
• 22618-13-9 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropan-1-one 
• 61840-95-7 (2R,3S)-2,3-epoxy-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropan-1-one 
• 40872-74-0 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-nitro-3-phenylbutan-1-one 
• 2732-22-1 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpentan-1-one 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of α-Methyl Ketones from Allylic Alcohols and Methanol

One-pot synthesis of α-methyl ketones starting from 1,3-diaryl propenols or 1-aryl propenols and methanol as a C1 source is demonstrated. This one-pot isomerization-methylation is catalyzed by commercially available Pd(OAc)2 with H2O as the only by-product. Mechanistic studies and deuterium labelling experiments indicate the involvement of isomerization of allyl alcohol followed by methylation through a hydrogen-borrowing pathway in these isomerization-methylation reactions.

A new method for the synthesis of chalcone derivatives promoted by PPh3/I2under non-alkaline conditions

A straightforward and general method has been developed for the synthesis of chalcone derivatives by a Claisen-Schmidt reaction in the presence of PPh3/I2 in 1,4-dioxane under reflux temperatures. With the condensation of the aromatic ketone and aldehyde occurring at non-strongly alkaline conditions, our proposed method significantly expands the range of applicable substrates, especially for groups that are unstable under alkaline conditions.

Synthesis of pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives along with its biological activity including toxicity studies

Pyrazolopyrimidines and related fused heterocycles are of interest as potential bioactive molecules. The heterocyclic fusion of pyrimidine ring and pyrazole ring resulted in formation of pyrazolopyrimidines, the structural analogues of biogenic purine class, undoubtedly, has high significance in the field of pharmaceutical and biotechnological sciences with wide spectrum of biological activities and its several derivatives. Toxicity may be due to the accumulation in a specific organ/ tissue (e.g. bosentan), the co - administration of other drugs affecting ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxicity) Cmax reaching off target IC50, or the high Cmax required for therapeutic effects. Assessing the relative drug efficacy and toxicity is important for medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, pharmacists, physicians. As multiple treatment options are available for many diseases, relative toxicity assessment is necessary. Difficulty in direct clinical trial comparisons forces network meta-analyses for estimating the relative toxicity. Therapeutic index (TI) assumes simplified linear relationships between receptor affinity, maximum unbound plasma drug concentration (Cmax) and toxicity. But high TI does not guarantee safety. For drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450),estimating TI based on target potencies alone is insufficient.

Organo-catalyzed Michael addition of 2-fluoro-2-arylacetonitriles

An efficient synthesis of a variety of 2-arylacetonitriles containing a fluorinated stereogenic center through organo-catalyzed Michael addition reaction of 2-fluoro-2-arylacetonitriles has been developed. This protocol uses a cheap organocatalyst (DBU) and has a broad substrate scope: α, β-unsaturated ketones, esters, nitriles and sulfones were all successfully reacted. Importantly, water proved to be a good solvent for this reaction.

Promising Non-cytotoxic Monosubstituted Chalcones to Target Monoamine Oxidase-B

A library of monosubstituted chalcones (1-17) bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups on both aromatic rings were selected. The cell viability on human tumor cell lines was evaluated first. The compounds unable to induce detectable cytotoxicity (1, 13, and 14) were tested using the monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity assay. Interestingly, they inhibit MAO-B, acting as competitive inhibitors, with 13 and 14 showing the best profiles. In particular, 13 exhibited a potency higher than that of safinamide, taken as a reference. Docking studies and crystallographic analysis showed that in human MAO-B 13 binds with the halogen-substituted aromatic ring in the entrance cavity, similar to safinamide, whereas 14 is accommodated in the opposite way. The main conclusion of this cell biology, biochemistry, and structural study is to highlights 13 as a chalcone derivative that is worth consideration for the development of novel MAO-B-selective inhibitors for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Substituent-Controlled Divergent Cascade Cycloaddition Reactions of Chalcones and Arylalkynols: Access to Spiroketals and Oxa-Bridged Fused Heterocycles

Herein, we report substituent-controlled divergent cascade cycloaddition reactions of chalcones and arylalkynols in the presence of PtI2. Depending on the substituent on the chalcone, either spiroketals or oxa-bridged fused heterocycles could be obtained in the ranges of 86–97% and 87–95% yields under identical reaction conditions. Control experiments were carried out to elucidate the origin of the high chemoselectivity. These provide a method for the synthesis of a diverse array of structurally complex oxygen-containing heterocycles. (Figure presented.).

Synthesis of Ketones by C?H Functionalization of Aldehydes with Boronic Acids under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions

A method for the synthesis of ketones from aldehydes and boronic acids via a transition-metal-free C?H functionalization reaction is reported. The method employs nitrosobenzene as a reagent to drive the simultaneous activation of the boronic acid as a boronate and the activation of the C?H bond of the aldehyde as an iminium species that triggers the key C?C bond-forming step via an intramolecular migration from boron to carbon. These findings constitute a practical, scalable, and operationally straightforward method for the synthesis of ketones.

Iridium and copper supported on silicon dioxide as chemoselective catalysts for dehydrogenation and borrowing hydrogen reactions

High active ligand usually plays an important role during catalysis and synthesis chemistry. A new and efficient benzotriazole-pyridinyl-silane ligand (BPS) was designed, and the corresponding iridium and copper catalysts were synthesized and thoroughly characterized by means of EDS, TEM, and XPS. The resulting iridium composite revealed excellent catalytic activity for the reaction of tert-butanesulfinamide with benzyl alcohols, while copper catalyst could realize the synthesis of unsaturated carbonyl compounds through the reaction of benzyl alcohols with ketones. This provided an efficient method for selective synthesis of unsaturated carbonyl compounds from benzyl alcohols and ketones in high yields with good recovery performance.

Methoxychalcones: Effect of methoxyl group on the antifungal, antibac-terial and antiproliferative activities

Background: Chalcones substituted by methoxyl groups have presented a broad spec-trum of bioactivities, including antifungal, antibacterial and antiproliferative effects. However, a clear and unambiguous investigation about the relevance of this substituent on the chalcone framework has not been described. Objective: The purpose of this work is to assess the antibacterial, antifungal and antiproliferative activities of the two series of seventeen synthesized regioisomeric methoxychalcones. Series I and II were constituted by chalcones substituted by methoxyl groups on rings A (5–12) and B (13–21), respectively. In addition, the library of methoxychalcones was submitted to in silico drug-likeness and pharmacokinetics properties predictions. Methods: Methoxychalcones were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by NMR spectral data analyses. Evaluations of antimicrobial activity were performed against five species of Candida, two Gram-negative and five Gram-positive species. For antiproliferative activity, methoxychalcones were evaluated against four human tumorigenic cell lines, as well as human non-tumorigenic keratinocytes. Drug-likeness and pharmacokinetics properties were predicted using Molinspiration and PreADMET toolkits. Results: In general, chalcones of series I are the most potent antifungal, antibacterial and antipro-liferative agents. 3’, 4’, 5’-Trimethoxychalcone (12) demonstrated potent antifungal activity against Candida krusei (MIC = 3.9 μg/mL), eight times more potent than fluconazole (reference antifungal drug). 3’-Methoxychalcone (6) displayed anti-Pseudomonas activity (MIC = 7.8 μg/mL). 2’,5’-Dimethoxychalcone (9) displayed potent antiproliferative effect against C-33A (cervix), A-431 (skin) and MCF-7 (breast), with IC50 values ranging from 7.7 to 9.2 μM. Its potency was superior to curcumin (reference antiproliferative compound), which exhibited IC50 values ranging from 10.4 to 19.0 μM. Conclusion: Our studies corroborated the relevance of methoxychalcones as antifungal, antibacte-rial and antiproliferative agents. In addition, we elucidated influence of the position and number of methoxyl groups toward bioactivity. In silico predictions indicated good drug-likeness and phar-macokinetics properties to the library of methoxychalcones.

Antiproliferative effects of chalcones on T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cells: Role of PKCβ

In this study, a series of 20 chalcone derivatives was synthesized, and their antiproliferative activity was tested against the human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cell line, CCRF-CEM. On the basis of the structural features of the most active compounds, a new library of chalcone derivatives, according to the structure–activity relationship design, was synthesized, and their antiproliferative activity was tested against the same cancer cell line. Furthermore, four of these derivatives (compounds 3, 4, 8, 28), based on lower IC50 values (between 6.1 and 8.9 μM), were selected for further investigation regarding the modulation of the protein expression of RACK1 (receptor for activated C kinase), protein kinase C (PKC)α and PKCβ, and their action on the cell cycle level. The cell cycle analysis indicated a block in the G0/G1 phase for all four compounds, with a statistically significant decrease in the percentage of cells in the S phase, with no indication of apoptosis (sub-G0/G1 phase). Compounds 4 and 8 showed a statistically significant reduction in the expression of PKCα and an increase in PKCβ, which together with the demonstration of an antiproliferative role of PKCβ, as assessed by treating cells with a selective PKCβ activator, indicated that the observed antiproliferative effect is likely to be mediated through PKCβ induction.