71172-75-3

Usage

InChI:InChI=1/C10H18O3/c1-8(2)6-7-13-10(12)5-4-9(3)11/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3

Upstream product

• 98-00-0 (2-furyl)methyl alcohol 
• 123-51-3 i-Amyl alcohol 
• 123-76-2 levulinic acid 
• 57-48-7 D-Fructose 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Catalytic synthesis of levulinate esters over zirconia and its modified forms coated on honeycomb monoliths: Green synthesis

A series of solid acid catalysts such as ZrO2, Mo(VI)/ZrO2 and W(VI)/ZrO2 have been coated on honeycomb monoliths as well as synthesized in the powder forms and used as catalytic materials for synthesis of ethyl levulinate from levulinic acid and ethanol. These solid acids were characterized by BET, NH3-TPD/n-butyl amine back titration, FTIR, PXRD and SEM techniques. Effects of various reaction parameters towards the reaction performance were studied. The performance of the catalyst was tested based on nature of the catalyst (honeycomb coated or powder form), reaction time (1 to 5 h), molar ratio (1:1 to 1:12 levulinic acid to ethanol) and reusability of the catalytic material. An excellent yield (86-88 %) of ethyl levulinate was obtained under optimized conditions. An attempt is made to correlate the activity of the catalysts in this esterification reaction with their surface characteristics. The honeycomb monoliths coated with zirconia and its modified forms were found to be ecofriendly, cost-effective and reusable catalytic materials compared to their powder forms.

Silica-supported sulfonic acids as recyclable catalyst for esterification of levulinic acid with stoichiometric amounts of alcohols

Converting biomass into value-added chemicals holds the key to sustainable long-term carbon resource management. In this context, levulinic acid, which is easily obtained from cellulose, is valuable since it can be transformed into a variety of industrially relevant fine chemicals. Here we present a simple protocol for the selective esterification of levulinic acid using solid acid catalysts. Silica supported sulfonic acid catalysts operate under mild conditions and give good conversion and selectivity with stoichiometric amounts of alcohols. The sulfonic acid groups are tethered to the support using organic tethers. These tethers may help in preventing the deactivation of the active sites in the presence of water.

MICROWAVE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF DEHYDRATED SUGAR DERIVATIVES HYDROXYMETHYLFURFURAL, LEVULINIC ACID, ANHYDROSUGAR ALCOHOLS, AND ETHERS THEREOF

Methods for the production of dehydrated sugars and derivatives of dehydrated sugars using microwave (MW) irradiation and methods of purifying the same are described. The dehydrated sugars derivatives include 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) and anhydrosugar alcohols such as sorbitans and isosorbide. The derivatives include HMF ethers, levulinic acid esters, and ether derivatives of the anhydrosugar alcohols. The described methods require lower reaction temperatures and shorter reaction times than similar non microwave mediated reactions known in the art. Typical reaction conditions are 120-210C, and typical reaction times are 30 minutes or less.