71785-67-6Relevant articles and documents
Discovery of GS-9688 (Selgantolimod) as a Potent and Selective Oral Toll-Like Receptor 8 Agonist for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B
Mackman, Richard L.,Mish, Michael,Chin, Gregory,Perry, Jason K.,Appleby, Todd,Aktoudianakis, Vangelis,Metobo, Sammy,Pyun, Peter,Niu, Congrong,Daffis, Stephane,Yu, Helen,Zheng, Jim,Villasenor, Armando G.,Zablocki, Jeff,Chamberlain, Jason,Jin, Haolun,Lee, Gary,Suekawa-Pirrone, Kimberley,Santos, Rex,Delaney, William E.,Fletcher, Simon P.
supporting information, p. 10188 - 10203 (2020/11/02)
Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) recognizes pathogen-derived single-stranded RNA fragments to trigger innate and adaptive immune responses. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is associated with a dysfunctional immune response, and therefore a selective TLR8 agonist may be an effective treatment option. Structure-based optimization of a dual TLR7/8 agonist led to the identification of the selective TLR8 clinical candidate (R)-2-((2-amino-7-fluoropyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-methylhexan-1-ol (GS-9688, (R)-7). Potent TLR8 agonism (IL-12p40 EC50 = 220 nM) and >100-fold TLR7 selectivity (IFN-α EC50 > 50 μM) was observed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The TLR8-ectodomain:(R)-7 complex confirmed TLR8 binding and a direct ligand interaction with TLR8 residue Asp545. Oral (R)-7 had good absorption and high first pass clearance in preclinical species. A reduction in viral markers was observed in HBV-infected primary human hepatocytes treated with media from PBMCs stimulated with (R)-7, supporting the clinical development of (R)-7 for the treatment of CHB.
Quaternized α,α′-Amino Acids via Curtius Rearrangement of Substituted Malonate-Imidazolidinones
Gokada, Maheswara Rao,Hunter, Roger,Andrijevic, Ana,Petersen, Wade F.,Samanta, Sauvik,Venter, Gerhard,Rees-Jones, Sophie
, p. 10650 - 10658 (2018/05/31)
An efficient synthesis protocol is presented for accessing quaternized α-amino acids in chiral, nonracemic form via diastereoselective malonate alkylation followed by C- to N-transposition. The key stereodifferentiating step involves a diastereoselective alkylation of an α-monosubstituted malonate-imidazolidinone, which is followed first by a chemoselective malonate PMB ester removal and then a Curtius rearrangement to provide the transposition. The method demonstrates a high product ee (89-99% for eight cases) for quaternizing a range of proteinogenic α-amino acids. The stereogenicity in targets 5a-i supports previous conclusions that the diastereoselective alkylation step proceeds via an α-substituted malonate-imidazolidinone enolate in its Z-configuration, with the auxiliary in an s-transC-N conformation.
A practical asymmetric synthesis of α-methyl α-amino acids using a chiral cu-salen complex as a phase transfer catalyst
Belokon',Davies,North
, p. 7245 - 7248 (2007/10/03)
The asymmetric C-alkylation of N-benzylidene alanine methyl ester has been achieved using a copper(II) (salen) complex as an asymmetric phase transfer catalyst and provides a practical synthesis of α-methyl α-amino acids with up to 86% enantiomeric excess. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.