80638-48-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
First enantioselective synthesis of gingesulfonic acids and unequivocal determination of their absolute stereochemistry
Adamo, Mauro F. A.,Bencivenni, Grazia,Gillick-Healy, Malachi W.,Kelly, Brian G.,Moccia, Maria,Ravelli, Andrea
, p. 1091 - 1094 (2020/02/22)
Herein we report the first organocatalysed enantioselective synthesis of gingesulfonic acids and shogasulfonic acids via a mild and convenient aminothiourea-catalysed conjugate addition of bisulfite to the olefin moiety of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls - a technology previously reported by us. A series of optically active naturally occurring sulfonic acids are prepared in their natural and unnatural configurations, and their absolute configurations are unequivocally confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffractometry.
Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise
Hattori, Hiroyuki,Mitsunaga,Clive, Derrick L.J.
supporting information, p. 1989 - 1991 (2019/07/03)
Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection
Choi, Seul-Ki,Mun, Gil-Im,Choi, Eun,Kim, Seo-Young,Kwon, Youngjoo,Na, Younghwa,Lee, Yun-Sil
, p. 2379 - 2383 (2017/09/01)
Coniferyl aldehyde (1) is previously reported as a potent inducer of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). Here, we further examined the active pharmacophore of 1 for activation of HSF1 using the derivatives coniferyl alcohol (2), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylpropanal (3), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylpropanol (4). Both 1 and 2 resulted in increased survival days after a lethal radiation (IR) dose. The decrease in bone marrow (BM) cellularity and Ki67-positive BM cells by IR was also significantly restored by 1 or 2 in mice. These results suggested that the vinyl moiety of 1 and 2 is necessary for inducing HSF1, which may be useful for developing small molecules for cytoprotection of normal cells against damage by cytotoxic drugs and radiation.
Mechanistic investigation of the Zn/Pd/C catalyzed cleavage and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin
Klein, Ian,Marcum, Christopher,Kentt?maa, Hilkka,Abu-Omar, Mahdi M.
, p. 2399 - 2405 (2016/05/19)
While current biorefinery processes use lignin only for its heat value, the conversion of lignin to high value chemicals is an area of increasing interest. Herein we present a detailed mechanistic study of the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin by using a synergistic Pd/C and ZnII catalyst through use of both lignin model compounds and lignocellulosic biomass. Spectroscopic data coupled with the study of lignin model compounds suggest that ZnII activates and facilitates removal of the hydroxyl group at the Cγ position of the β-O-4 ether linkage. Activation is proposed to occur through formation of a six-membered ring complex of ZnII coordinated to the oxygen atoms at Cα and Cγ of the lignin model compound guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl.
Novel multifunctional dopamine D2/D3receptors agonists with potential neuroprotection and anti-alpha synuclein protein aggregation properties
Luo, Dan,Sharma, Horrick,Yedlapudi, Deepthi,Antonio, Tamara,Reith, Maarten E.A.,Dutta, Aloke K.
, p. 5088 - 5102 (2016/10/22)
Our ongoing drug development endeavor to design compounds for symptomatic and neuroprotective treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) led us to carry out a structure activity relationship study based on dopamine agonists pramipexole and 5-OHDPAT. Our goal was to incorporate structural elements in these agonists in a way to preserve their agonist activity while producing inhibitory activity against aggregation of α-synuclein protein. In our design we appended various catechol and related phenol derivatives to the parent agonists via different linker lengths. Structural optimization led to development of several potent agonists among which (?)-8a, (?)-14 and (?)-20 exhibited potent neuroprotective properties in a cellular PD model involving neurotoxin 6-OHDA. The lead compounds (?)-8a and (?)-14 were able to modulate aggregation of α-synuclein protein efficiently. Finally, in an in vivo PD animal model, compound (?)-8a exhibited efficacious anti-parkinsonian effect.
NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS FOR TREATMENT OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
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Paragraph 00098-000100; 000139, (2014/06/23)
A compound having formula I is useful for treating a neurodegenerative disease: I, R1 is an C1-12 organyl group; is a C1-12 heterocyclic ring system containing 5 to 12 ring atoms and up to three heteroatoms individually selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, and Se; R2 are C1-12 organyl groups; R7, R8 are each independently, hydrogen (H), hydroxyl, oxo (i.e., carbonyl), C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkoxyl, C2-8 alkenyl, C2-10 alkynyl, C5-7 cycloalkyl, C5-7 cycloalkenyl, halo, C1-4 aldehyde, or -NR4q where R4 is H, C1-8 alkyl, C2-8 alkenyl, C4-8 cycloalkyl, C4-8 cycloalkenyl, or C6-10 aryl; o is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; A is a C6-12 aryl group, C5-12 heteroaryl group, or an optionally substituted 3-hydroxypyridin- 4(1H)-one; p is an integer from 1 to 6; and Zm is absent or a divalent linking moiety; and m is an integer representing the number of time Z is repeated.
Biocatalytic asymmetric alkene reduction: Crystal structure and characterization of a double bond reductase from Nicotiana tabacum
Mansell, David J.,Toogood, Helen S.,Waller, John,Hughes, John M.X.,Levy, Colin W.,Gardiner, John M.,Scrutton, Nigel S.
, p. 370 - 379 (2013/08/25)
The application of biocatalysis for the asymmetric reduction of activated C=C is a powerful tool for the manufacture of high-value chemical commodities. The biocatalytic potential of "-ene" reductases from the Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) family of oxidoreductases is well-known; however, the specificity of these enzymes toward mainly small molecule substrates has highlighted the need to discover "-ene" reductases from different enzymatic classes to broaden industrial applicability. Here, we describe the characterization of a flavin-free double bond reductase from Nicotiana tabacum (NtDBR), which belongs to the leukotriene B4 dehydrogenase (LTD) subfamily of the zinc-independent, medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily of enzymes. Using steady-state kinetics and biotransformation reactions, we have demonstrated the regio- and stereospecificity of NtDBR against a variety of α,β-unsaturated activated alkenes. In addition to catalyzing the reduction of typical LTD substrates and several classical OYE-like substrates, NtDBR also exhibited complementary activity by reducing non-OYE substrates (i.e., reducing the exocyclic C=C double bond of (R)-pulegone) and in some cases showing an opposite stereopreference in comparison with the OYE family member pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) reductase. This serves to augment classical OYE "-ene" reductase activity and, coupled with its aerobic stability, emphasizes the potential industrial value of NtDBR. Furthermore, we also report the X-ray crystal structures of the holo-, binary NADP(H)-bound, and ternary [NADP+ and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamaldehyde (9a)-bound] NtDBR complexes. These will underpin structure-driven site-saturated mutagenesis studies aimed at enhancing the reactivity, stereochemistry, and specificity of this enzyme.
A single amino acid determines the catalytic efficiency of two alkenal double bond reductases produced by the liverwort Plagiochasma appendiculatum
Wu, Yifeng,Cai, Yuanheng,Sun, Yi,Xu, Ruixue,Yu, Haina,Han, Xiaojuan,Lou, Hongxiang,Cheng, Aixia
, p. 3122 - 3128 (2013/09/23)
Alkenal double bond reductases (DBRs) catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of the α,β-unsaturated double bond of many secondary metabolites. Two alkenal double bond reductase genes PaDBR1 and PaDBR2 were isolated from the liverwort species Plagiochasma appendiculatum. Recombinant PaDBR2 protein had a higher catalytic activity than PaDBR1 with respect to the reduction of the double bond present in hydroxycinnamyl aldehydes. The residue at position 56 appeared to be responsible for this difference in enzyme activity. The functionality of a C56 to Y56 mutation in PaDBR1 was similar to that of PaDBR2. Further site-directed mutagenesis and structural modeling suggested that the phenol ring stacking between this residue and the substrate was an important determinant of catalytic efficiency.
Characterization of two isozymes of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Streptomyces sp. NL15-2K
Nishimura, Motohiro,Kohno, Kunie,Nishimura, Yoshio,Inagaki, Masanori,Davies, Julian
experimental part, p. 1770 - 1777 (2012/02/02)
We purified two isozymes of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CADH I and II) to homogeneity from cellfree extracts of Streptomyces sp. NL15-2K. The apparent molecular masses of CADH I and II were determined to be 143 kDa and 151 kDa respectively by gel filtration, whereas their subunit molecular masses were determined to be 35,782.2 Da and 37,597.7 Da respectively by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Thus, it is probable that both isozymes are tetramers. The optimum pH and temperature for coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity were pH 9.5 and 45 °C for CADH I and pH 8.5 and 40 °C for CADH II. CADH I oxidized various aromatic alcohols and allyl alcohol, and was most efficient on cinnamyl alcohol, whereas CADH II exhibited high substrate specificity for coniferyl alcohol, and showed no activity as to the other alcohols, except for cinnamyl alcohol and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- 1-propanol. In the presence of NADH, CADH I and II reduced cinnamaldehyde and coniferyl aldehyde respectively to the corresponding alcohols.
BIODEGRADABLE SOLVENTS FOR THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
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Page/Page column 36-37, (2009/04/25)
This invention relates to ionic liquid (ILs) solvents for chemical synthesis based on an alkyl - imidazolium cation core containing ionic liquids which have enhanced biodegradability and reduced toxicity relative to existing imidazolium bases ILs such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (bmmim) salts. Many of the described ILs produce a score of over 60% biodegradability over 28 days in a biodegradability test such as the Sturm Test, the Closed Bottle Test (OECD 301D) or the CO2 Headspace Test (ISO 14593). The ILs of the invention comprise an alkyl substituted imidazolium cationic core having a -C=OX- side chain in the 3-position of the imidazole ring, wherein X = O, NH, N or S and an associated counteranion characterized in that the -C=OX side chain comprises at least one ether linkage. The biodegradable and non-toxic IL may be used as green solvents for the chemical, pharmaceutical, biofuel and biomass industries. The ILs of the invention are particularly useful in hydrogenation, pericyclic and metathesis reactions.
