836-16-8

Usage

Compound type

Hydrazine derivative

Functional groups

Carbonyl group, thioamide group

Attached to

4-nitrophenyl ring

Potential applications

Pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals

Function

Potent inhibitor of enzymes and receptors

Suitability

Intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds

Handling precautions

Potential hazards associated with handling and use

Upstream product

• 333-20-0 potassium thioacyanate 
• 636-97-5 N-amino-(4-nitrophenyl)carboxamide 
• 122-04-3 4-nitro-benzoyl chloride 
• 79-19-6 thiosemicarbazide 
• 619-50-1 4-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester 
• 62-23-7 4-nitro-benzoic acid 
• 2290-65-5 trimethylsilyl isothiocyanate 
• 110-86-1 pyridine 

Downstream Products

• 833-63-6 5-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine 
• 855737-84-7 S-methyl-1-(4-nitro-benzoyl)-iso thiosemicarbazide 
• 6898-56-2 3-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazole 
• 90920-54-0 4-nitro-benzoic acid-(4-oxo-thiazolidin-2-ylidenehydrazide) 
• 1193364-02-1 C₂₄H₁₉N₅O₄S 
• 1193364-01-0 C₂₆H₂₂N₄O₄S 
• 1193364-00-9 C₂₅H₁₉ClN₄O₄S 
• 1193363-99-3 C₂₅H₁₉N₅O₆S 
• 1193363-97-1 C₂₅H₂₀N₄O₄S 
• 1193363-98-2 C₂₆H₂₂N₄O₅S 
• 1193364-03-2 C₂₁H₂₀N₄O₄S 
• 1193364-04-3 C₂₂H₂₂N₄O₄S 
• 957768-24-0 3,4-diamino-5-(p-nitrophenyl)-1,2,4-triazole 
• 1236182-54-9 3-(4'-nitrophenyl)-5H,13aH-quinolino[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazepine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Design and development of 1,3,5-triazine-thiadiazole hybrids as potent adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist for benefit in Parkinson's disease

Various studies showed adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs) antagonists have profound therapeutic efficacy in Parkinsons Disease (PD) by improving dopamine transmission, thus being active in reversing motor deficits and extrapyramidal symptoms related to the disease. Therefore, in the presents study, we have showed the development of novel 1,3,5-triazine-thiadiazole derivative as potent A2ARs antagonist. In the radioligand binding assay, these molecules showed excellent binding affinity with A2AR compared to A1R, with significant selectivity. Results suggest, compound 7e as most potent antagonist of A2AR among the tested series. In docking analysis with A2AR protein model, compound 7e found to be deeply buried into the cavity of receptor lined via making numerous interatomic contacts with His264, Tyr271, His278, Glu169, Ala63, Val84, Ile274, Met270, Phe169. Collectively, our study demonstrated 1,3,5-triazine-thiadiazole hybrid as a highly effective scaffold for the design of new A2A antagonists.

1,3,4-Thiadiazole-Containing Azo Dyes: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Properties and Molecular Structure

Three series of azo dyes derived from 2-amino-5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline and phenol were synthesized in high yields by a conventional diazotization-coupling sequence. The chemical structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. In addition, the X-ray single crystal structure of a representative azo dye was presented. For explicit determination of the influence of a substituent on radiation absorption in UV-Vis range, time-dependent density functional theory calculations were performed.

Identification of 1,2,4-triazoles as new thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors: Future anti-tumor drugs

Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is over expressed in several solid tumors and its inhibition can offer unique target suitable for drug discovery in cancer. A series of 1,2,4-triazoles 3a–3l has been synthesized in good yields and subsequently inhibitory potential of synthesized triazoles 3a–3l against thymidine phosphorylase enzyme was evaluated. Out of these twelve analogs five analogues 3b, 3c, 3f, 3l and 3l exhibited a good inhibitory potential against thymidine phosphorylase. Inhibitory potential in term of IC50 values were found in the range of 61.98 ± 0.43 to 273.43 ± 0.96 μM and 7-Deazaxanthine was taken as a standard inhibitor with IC50 = 38.68 ± 4.42 μM. Encouraged by these results, more analogues 1,2,4-triazole-3-mercaptocarboxylic acids 4a–4g were synthesized and their inhibitory potential against thymidine phosphorylase was evaluated. In this series, six analogues 4b–4g exhibited a good inhibitory potential in the range of 43.86 ± 1.11–163.43 ± 2.03 μM. Angiogenic response of 1,2,4-triazole acid 4d was estimated using the chick chorionic allantoic membrane (CAM) assay. In the light of these findings, structure activity relationship and molecular docking studies of selected triazoles to determine the key binding interactions was discussed. Docking studies demonstrate that synthesized analogues interacted with active site residues of thymidine phosphorylase enzyme through π-π stacking, thiolate and hydrogen bonding interactions.

Efficient synthesis of novel conjugated 1,3,4-oxadiazole-peptides

We were interested in the design and synthesis of novel bioisosteric analogues of leuprolide acetate containing the oxadiazole moiety at the C- or N-terminal of the peptide. An efficient approach for the synthesis of 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles through the reaction of hydrazide with ammonium thiocyanate and desulfurization reaction of the thiosemicarbazides using different coupling reagents was employed. These compounds are bioisosteres of the amide bond. Furthermore, the coupling of 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles at the C-terminal of leuprolide analogues was carried out, using a coupling reagent in the solution phase. On the other hand, the addition of a 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazole to the N-terminal of the peptide sequence was carried out through the reaction of the 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazole with succinic anhydride that led to the formation of a carboxylic acid moiety. Addition of the synthesized oxadiazole containing carboxylic acid to the peptide sequence was performed using a coupling reagent and on the surface of the resin. The synthesized peptides containing the oxadiazole moiety at the C- or N-terminal of the peptide sequence are peptidomimetics of leuprolide acetate. All of the synthesized peptides were purified using preparative HPLC and their structures were confirmed using HR-MS (ESI).

Design and synthesis of 2,6-di(substituted phenyl)thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazoles as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors, co-relative Pharmacokinetics and 3D QSAR and risk analysis

Ten fused heterocyclic derivatives bearing the 2,6-di(subsituted phenyl)thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazoles as central rings were synthesized and structures of the compounds were established by analytical and spectral data using FTIR, EI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. In vitro inhibitory activities of synthesized compounds on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and α-burylcholinesterase (α-BuChE) were evaluated using a purified enzyme assays. Compound 5c demonstrated strong and selective α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50?=?1.1?μmol/g). 5?g exhibited excellent inhibition against α-glucosidase (IC50?=?1.2?μmol/g) when compared with acarbose (IC50?=?4.7?μmol/g) as a positive reference. Compound 5i was found to be most potent derivative against α-BuChE with the IC50 of 1.5?μmol/g which was comparable to the value obtained for (4.7?μmol/g) positive control (i.e. galantamine hydrobromide). Molecular dockings of synthesized compounds into the binding sites of human pancreatic α-amylase, intestinal maltase-glucoamylase and neuronal α-butrylcholinesterase allowed to shed light on the affinity and binding mode of these novel inhibitors. Preliminary structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies were carried out to understand the relationship between molecular structural features and inhibition activities of synthesized derivatives. These data suggested that compounds 5c, 5?g and 5i are promising candidates for hitto- lead follow-up in the drug-discovery process for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and hyperinsulinamia.

Efficient three-component synthesis of N-alkyl-3, 6-diaryl-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[4, 3-b][1, 2, 4]triazin-7-amines under solvent-free condition

A simple, efficient and environment-friendly approach is described for the synthesis of N-alkyl-3, 6-diaryl-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[4, 3-b][1, 2, 4]triazin-7-amines based on three-component reaction between 5-aryl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3, 4-diamine, isocyanide and aldeyhde under solvent-free condition. The products are obtained in moderate to good yields and are in a state of high purity.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione and 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione as antimycobacterial agents

Resistance among dormant mycobacteria leading to multidrug-resistant and extremely drug-resistant tuberculosis is one of the major threats. Hence, a series of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione and 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione derivatives (4a–5c) have been synthesized and screened for their antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (H37Ra). The triazolethiones 4b and 4v showed high antitubercular activity (both MIC and IC50) against the dormant H37Ra by in vitro and ex vivo. They were shown to have more specificity toward mycobacteria than other Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. The cytotoxicity was almost insignificant up to 100?μg/ml against THP-1, A549, and PANC-1 human cancer cell lines, and solubility was high in aqueous solution, indicating the potential of developing these compounds further as novel therapeutics against tuberculosis infection.

An efficient nonconventional glycerol-based solid acid catalyzed synthesis and biological evaluation of phosphonate conjugates of 1,2,4-triazole thiones

A series of diethyl (3-((5-aryl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)propyl)phos-phonates (7a-t) has been synthesized in excellent yields by coupling diethyl (3-bromopropyl)phosphonate and 5-aryl-1H- 1,2,4-triazol-3-thiones employing an efficient, green and nonconventional heterogeneous SO3Hcarbon catalyst derived from glycerol. In addition, a facile and green approach for the esterification of carboxylic acids by utilizing glycerol-based solid acid catalyst has been reported. Structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR and HRMS studies. These triazole derivatives were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity using the standard MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2,5-diphenyltetra-zolium bromide) assay against a panel of five different human cancer cell lines (HeLa: Cervix, A549: Lung, A375: Skin, MDA-MB-231: Breast and T98G: Brain). The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated against four bacterial strains: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and three fungal strains: Aspergillus Niger, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus fumigatus. Preliminary results indicate that the compound 7f displayed maximum anticancer activity and the compounds 7d, 7e, 7f, 7m and 7q exhibited moderate antibacterial activity. The compounds 7g, 7h, 7o and 7p showed good antifungal activity with high inhibition zone diameter compared to the standard drug.

Synthesis and invitro Evaluation of West Nile Virus Protease Inhibitors Based on the 2-{6-[2-(5-Phenyl-4H-{1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)acetylamino]benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl}acetamide Scaffold

In recent years, clinical symptoms resulting from West Nile virus (WNV) infection have worsened in severity, with an increased frequency in neuroinvasive diseases among the elderly. As there are presently no successful therapies against WNV for use in humans, continual efforts to develop new chemotherapeutics against this virus are highly desired. The viral NS2B-NS3 protease is a promising target for viral inhibition due to its importance in viral replication and its unique substrate preference. In this study, a WNV NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitor with a 2-{6-[2-(5-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)acetylamino]benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl}acetamide scaffold was identified during screening. Optimization of this initial hit by synthesis and screening of a focused compound library with this scaffold led to the identification of a novel uncompetitive inhibitor (1a24, IC50=3.4±0.2μM) of the WNV NS2B-NS3 protease. Molecular docking of 1a24 into the WNV protease showed that the compound interferes with productive interactions of the NS2B cofactor with the NS3 protease and is an allosteric inhibitor of the WNV NS3 protease.

Mild and convenient one-pot synthesis of 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles promoted by trimethylsilyl isothiocyanate (TMSNCS)

A mild, convenient, and efficient one-pot synthesis of amino-1,3,4- oxadiazoles is described. In situ preparation of various thiosemicarbazides by the reaction of different carboxylic acid hydrazides with trimethylsilyl isothiocyanate (TMSNCS), followed by cyclodesulfurization of thiosemicarbazides under basic conditions in the presence of I2/KI resulted in 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles in high yields (79-94%).