333-20-0 Usage
Chemical Description
Potassium thiocyanate and ammonium thiocyanate are both salts that are used in various chemical reactions.
Chemical Description
Potassium thiocyanate is a chemical compound with the formula KSCN.
Uses
Used in Electroplating Industry:
Potassium thiocyanate is used as a stripping agent for removing metal coatings from surfaces during the electroplating process.
Used in Refrigeration Industry:
It is used as a refrigerant in cooling systems due to its low boiling point and high heat capacity.
Used in Dye Industry:
Potassium thiocyanate is used in the dye industry for the synthesis of various dyes and pigments.
Used in Photographic Industry:
It is used in photography as an intensifier to enhance the contrast and quality of images.
Used in Pesticides:
Potassium thiocyanate is used in the formulation of some pesticides to control pests in agriculture.
Used in Steel Analysis:
It is used in the analysis of steel to determine the presence and concentration of specific elements.
Used in Silver Ion Analysis:
Potassium thiocyanate is used for the analysis of silver ions, as it forms a complex with silver ions that can be detected and measured.
Used in Indirect Determination of Halides:
It is used for the indirect determination of chloride, bromide, and iodide ions in various samples.
Used in Artificial Mustard Oil Production:
Potassium thiocyanate is used in the manufacture of artificial mustard oil, which is a substitute for natural mustard oil.
Used in Textile Printing and Dyeing:
It is used in the printing and dyeing of textiles to produce a variety of colors and patterns.
Used in Analytical Chemistry:
Potassium thiocyanate is used in analytical chemistry for various applications, including the determination of metal ions and the synthesis of other chemicals.
Used as a Source of Thiocyanate:
It serves as a source of thiocyanate ions, which can be used in various chemical reactions and processes.
Used as a Catalyst:
Potassium thiocyanate has been used as a catalyst in a one-pot reaction of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates with indane-1,3-dione, promoting the formation of desired products.
Used as a Selective Bacterial Inhibitor:
It has been used as a selective bacterial inhibitor to create ESS-3 broth, which allows the co-enrichment of target pathogens while suppressing the growth of some non-target pathogens.
Outline
Potassium thiocyanate, molecular formula is KSCN, it is also known as KSCN, English is Potassium Thiocyanate, it is colorless monoclinic crystal. The relative density is 1.886. Melting point is about 172.3 ℃. It is soluble in water and it can cool because of the absorption of heat, it is also soluble in alcohol (ethanol) and acetone. Crystalline hemihydrate (KSCN.0.5H2O) can be obtained at low temperature, it is steady at-29-6.8℃, and it can turn blue when be broiled at about 430℃, but it then re-becomes colorless when be colded. When be heated to 500℃, it can decompose. The blood red ferric thiocyanate complex ion FeSCN2 + (iron thiocyanate) can generate in case of Fe3 + (ferric), which is the sensitive method to test the Fe3 + ion, the method can eliminate the influence of all other known metal ions. And it can not react with ferrous salts. It is hygroscopic, and it should be sealed. It has low toxicity. But potassium cyanate is highly toxic substances, the country has limited its production.
Solubility in water (g / 100ml)
The grams which dissolved in per 100 ml of water at different temperatures (℃) :
177g/0 ℃; 198g/10 ℃; 224g/20 ℃; 255g/30 ℃; 289g/40 ℃
372g/60 ℃; 492g/80 ℃; 571g/90 ℃; 675g/100 ℃
Production method
The mothod of ammonium thiocyanate transformation which is the pressurized synthesis reaction of carbon disulfide and ammonia can generate ammonium thiocyanate and the by-product is ammonium hydrosulfide, and then by desulfurization, ammonium hydrosulfide can evaporate and remove which is decomposed into hydrogen sulfide, when potassium carbonate solution is added into the temperature of 105℃ liquid, it can generates potassium thiocyanate. The reaction process will produce large amount of carbon dioxide and ammonia. Ammonia is recyclable, the reaction solution is filtered to remove insoluble material, and then reduction vaporization is proceeded, and then cooling and crystallization, centrifugal separation is proceeded to obtain industrial potassium thiocyanate.
CS2 + 3NH3 → NH4SCN + NH4HS
NH4HS → NH3 ↑ + H2S ↑
2NH4SCN + K2CO3 → 2KSCN + (NH4) 2CO3
(NH4) 2CO3 → 2NH3 ↑ + CO2 ↑ + H2O
Preparation
Potassium thiocyanate may be made by adding caustic potash to a solution of ammonium thiocyanate, followed by evaporation of the solution. NH4SCN + KOH →KSCN + NH4OHAlso, the compound can be prepared by heating potassium cyanide with sulfur:KCN + S →KSCN.
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Safety Profile
A human poison by
ingestion. Poison experimentally by intravenous route. An experimental
teratogen. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous
and ingestion routes. Large doses can cause
slun eruptions, psychoses, and collapse.
Incompatible with calcium chlorite and
perchloryl fluoride. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
CN-, K2O, SOx, and NOx. See also
THIOCYANATES.
Purification Methods
Crystallise it from H2O if much chloride ion is present in the salt, otherwise from EtOH or MeOH (optionally by addition of Et2O). Filter off on a Büchner funnel without paper, and dry it in a desiccator at room temperature before heating for 1hour at 150o, with a final 10-20minutes at 200o to remove the last traces of solvent [Kolthoff & Lingane J Am Chem Soc 57 126 1935]. Store it in the dark.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 333-20-0 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 3,3 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 0 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 333-20:
(5*3)+(4*3)+(3*3)+(2*2)+(1*0)=40
40 % 10 = 0
So 333-20-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/CNS.K/c2-1-3;/q-1;+1
333-20-0Relevant articles and documents
DIMETHYL TRISULFIDE AS A CYANIDE ANTIDOTE
-
Paragraph 0033, (2015/11/17)
Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) antidote compositions may be used to as a cyanide poisoning antidote.
Decoupling deprotonation from metalation: Thia-fries rearrangement
Dyke, Alan M.,Gill, Duncan M.,Harvey, Jeremy N.,Hester, Alison J.,Lloyd-Jones, Guy C.,Munoz, M. Paz,Shepperson, Ian R.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 5067 - 5070 (2009/03/11)
(Chemical Equation Presented) Label-enabled: Studies with 2H-, 18O-, and 34S-labeled aryl triflates show that lithium diisopropylamide-mediated thia-Fries rearrangement proceeds through an irreversible ortho deprotonation (see scheme; DIPA = diisopropylamine, LDA = lithium diisopropylamide). In contrast, ortho metalation results exclusively in the generation of a benzyne.
Complexation of phosphoryl-containing mono-, bi- and tri-podands with alkali cations in acetonitrile. Structure of the complexes and binding selectivity
Solov'ev, Vitaly P.,Baulin, Vladimir E.,Strakhova, Nadezhda N.,Kazachenko, Vladimir P.,Belsky, Vitaly K.,Varnek, Alexandre A.,Volkova, Tatiana A.,Wipff, Georges
, p. 1489 - 1498 (2007/10/03)
We present experimental and theoretical studies on new ionophores (L) which possess a high complexation ability for Li+or Na+cations. Four tri-podands(R1-O-C2H4-)3N[R 1 = -CH2-P(O)Ph2(P1), -C2H4-P(O)Ph2 (P2), -o-C6H4P(O)Ph2 (P3) and -o-C6H4-CH2-P(O)Ph2 (P4)], one bi-podand (R2-O-C2H4-)2N-CH3 [R2 = -o-C6H4-CH2-P(O)Ph2 (P5)] and one mono-podand [R2-O-(CH2-CH2-O)3R2 (P6)] containing phosphine oxide terminal groups have been synthesised. Stability constants, enthalpies and entropies of their complexation with lithium, sodium and potassium thiocyanates have been determined in acetonitrile at 298 K by a calorimetric titration technique. We find that tri-podands form a variety of complexes [(M+)3L, (M+)2L, M+L and M+L2)], whereas the bi- and mono-podand form only M+L complexes with Li+ and Na+, and M+L and M+L2 complexes with K+. Formation of poly-nuclear (M+)nL complexes of tri-podands in solution has been confirmed by electro-spray mass spectrometry. At relatively small concentrations of the ligand (CL0)S P1 binds Na+ much better than Li+, whereas P4 and P5 display a remarkable Li+/Na+ selectivity; at large CL0 the complexation selectivity decreases. X-Ray diffraction studies performed on monocrystals of complexes of NaNCS with tri-podands P2 and P3 show that Na+ is encapsulated inside a 'basket-like' pseudocavity, coordinating all donor atoms of the tri-podand. Molecular dynamics simulations on P2, P3 and P4 and on their 1:1 complexes with M+ in acetonitrile solution suggest that the structures of M+L complexes in solution are similar to those found for P2 and P3 complexes in the solid state.
Oscillations and Bistability in the Cu(II)-Catalyzed Reaction between H2O2 and KSCN
Orban, Miklos
, p. 6893 - 6898 (2007/10/02)
The reaction between H2O2 and KSCN catalyzed by CuSO4 exhibits three different types of bistability as a function of flow rate in a continuous flow stirred tank reactor at 25 deg C.Two steady states and one oscillatory state are involved.The system is one of the few examples in which oscillations can appear in batch configuration as well.The color, the potential of a Pt electrode, and the rate of oxygen gas evolution oscillate for a wide range of reagent concentrations.The chemistry which accounts for the observed behavior is discussed briefly.
Volume Change on Complex Formation Between Anions and Cyclodextrins in Aqueous Solution
Hoeiland, H.,Hald, L.H.,Kvammen, O.J.
, p. 775 - 784 (2007/10/02)
Partial molal volume changes during complex formation between SCN(1-), I(1-), and ClO4(1-) and α- and β-cyclodextrin have been determined by two independent methods of measurements; one based on density measurement and subsequent calculation of apparent molal volumes, the other on differentiating the association constants with respect to pressure.Results from the two methods are in good agreement.Negative volume changes were observed for complex formation between the anions and α-cyclodextrin while zero or slightly positive values were observed for complex formation with β-cyclodextrin.The result is consistent with the idea that the anions do not become dehydrated as they form complexes with cyclodextrins.
