841233-65-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
A sustainable strategy for the assembly of Glypromate? and its structurally-related analogues by tandem sequential peptide coupling
García-Mera, Xerardo,Pinto da Silva, Luís,Rodríguez-Borges, José E.,Sampaio-Dias, Ivo E.,Silva, Sandra G.
, p. 3584 - 3596 (2020/07/30)
This work describes an improved and greener methodology of solution-phase synthesis for the preparation of Glypromate? (glycyl-l-prolyl-l-glutamic acid, GPE), a potent neuropeptide for applications in neurodegenerative conditions such as Huntington's, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. This protocol comprises the assembly of the perbenzylated form of Glypromate? [Cbz-Gly-Pro-Glu(OBn)-OBn (5)] froml-proline. Following a tandem sequential peptide coupling strategy, two chemoselective peptide bonds are formed without the need for purifying the intermediates ensuing a one-pot fashion synthesis. EcoScale score and E-factor were selected as the green metrics to assess the environmental impact of the preparation of tripeptide5using this protocol. After optimization and application of greener conditions, intermediate5was obtained with 95percent global yield and 99percent purity (NMR, HRMS, and rp-HPLC), with excellent final EcoScale score of 75 out of 100 and global E-factor of 1.8. Glypromate? is achieved by removing N- and C-protecting groups by hydrogenolysis using Pd/C as the catalyst in 98percent yield, avoiding chromatographic techniques. Moreover, the protocol ensures stereochemical integrity (determined by VT-NMR and rp-HPLC) and was also successfully applied for the preparation of structurally-related Glypromate? analogues with higher degree of molecular complexity compatible with functionalized amino acids with different side chains. For the first time a one-pot protocol for the assembly of tripeptides with the removal of protecting groups in the same reaction vessel is reported.
Synthesis and neuroprotective activity of analogues of glycyl-L-prolyl-L- glutamic acid (GPE) modified at the α-carboxylic acid
Trotter, Nicholas S.,Brimble, Margaret A.,Harris, Paul W.R.,Callis, David J.,Sieg, Frank
, p. 501 - 517 (2007/10/03)
The synthesis of nine GPE* analogues, wherein the α-carboxylic acid group of glutamic acid has been modified, is described by coupling readily accessible N-benzyloxycarbonyl-glycyl-l-proline 2 with various analogues of glutamic acid. Pharmacological evaluation of the novel compounds was undertaken to further understand the role of the glutamate residue on the observed neuroprotective properties of the endogenous tripeptide GPE.
