84889-00-9

Upstream product

• 98-03-3 thiophene-2-carbaldehyde 
• 613-94-5 benzoic acid hydrazide 
• 93-89-0 benzoic acid ethyl ester 
• 93-58-3 benzoic acid methyl ester 
• 65-85-0 benzoic acid 

Downstream Products

• 65183-21-3 2-phenyl-5-thiophen-2-yl-[1,3,4]oxadiazole 
• 1222193-16-9 (1S,2R)-N'-[2-chloro-1-(thiophen-2-yl)but-3-enyl]benzohydrazide 
• 1366284-38-9 N-(2,2-difluoro-3-oxo-3-phenyl-1-(thiophen-2-yl)propyl)benzohydrazide 
• 1333150-41-6 C₁₅H₁₆N₂OS 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Modulation of estrogen-related receptors subtype selectivity: Conversion of an ERRβ/γ selective agonist to ERRα/β/γ pan agonists

Estrogen Related Receptors (ERRs) are key regulators of energy homeostasis and play important role in the etiology of metabolic disorders, skeletal muscle related disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Among the three ERR isoforms, ERRα emerged as a potential drug target for metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Although ERRβ/γ selective agonist chemical tools have been identified, there are no chemical tools that effectively target ERRα agonism. We successfully engineered high affinity ERRα agonism into a chemical scaffold that displays selective ERRβ/γ agonist activity (GSK4716), providing novel ERRα/β/γ pan agonists that can be used as tools to probe the physiological roles of these nuclear receptors. We identified the structural requirements to enhance selectivity toward ERRα. Molecular modeling shows that our novel modulators have favorable binding modes in the LBP of ERRα and can induce conformational changes where Phe328 that originally occupies the pocket is dislocated to accommodate the ligands in a rather small cavity. The best agonists up-regulated the expression of target genes PGC-1α and PGC-1β, which are necessary to achieve maximal mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, they increased the mRNA levels of PDK4, which play an important role in energy homeostasis.

Indoline Catalyzed Acylhydrazone/Oxime Condensation under Neutral Aqueous Conditions

Acylhydrazones formation has been widely applied in materials science and biolabeling. However, their sluggish condensation rate under neutral conditions limits its application. Herein, indolines with electron-donating groups are reported as a new catalyst scaffold, which can catalyze acylhydrazone, hydrazone, and oxime formation via an iminium ion intermediate. This new type of catalyst showed up to 15-fold rate enhancement over the traditional anilinecatalyzed reaction at neutral conditions. The identified indoline catalyst was successfully applied in hydrogel formation.

Harnessing Autoxidation of Aldehydes: In Situ Iodoarene Catalyzed Synthesis of Substituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazole, in the Presence of Molecular Oxygen

Isobutyraldehyde underwent auto-oxidation in the presence of molecular oxygen to generate an acyloxy radical under a "metal-free" environment. They were subsequently exploited in situ to afford hypervalent iodines with p-anisolyl iodide which generated substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles in moderate to excellent yields from N′-arylidene acetohydrazides. The reaction strategy tolerated diverse substitution on the hydrazide substrates. Control experiments and literature precedence supported the formation of an in situ iodosylarene complex that facilitates the formation of products.

Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and apoptosis-promoting effects of arene ruthenium(II) complexes with N, O chelating ligands

New half sandwich arene ruthenium(II) complexes of the type [Ru(arene)Cl(L)] (where arene = benzene and p-cymene, L = thiophene benzhydrazone ligands) have been synthesized from the reactions of the neutral precursor [Ru(arene) (μ-Cl) Cl]2 and

Iron(III)/TEMPO-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles by Oxidative Cyclization under Mild Conditions

A simple and efficient cationic Fe(III)/TEMPO-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of aroyl hydrazones has been developed for the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. The reaction offers a broad scope, good functional-group tolerance, and high yields under mild conditions in the presence of O 2.

Study on DDQ-promoted synthesis of 2, 5-disubstituted 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles from acid hydrazides and aldehydes

A facile stepwise synthesis of 2, 5-disubstituted 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles proceeding via oxidative cyclization of N-acylhydrazones is reported. The reaction is efficiently promoted by 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano-1, 4- benzoquinone (DDQ) to afford the desired products mostly in high yields and in relatively short times. The final 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives are also synthesized directly from acid hydrazides and aldehydes in a one-pot procedure. The substrate scope and limitations of the reported transformation are discussed in detail.

METHOD FOR PREPAREING 1,3,4-OXADIAZOL UNDER SOLVENT-FREE CONDITION

The present invention relates to a synthesis method of 1,3,4-oxadiazol, comprising: 1) under a solvent-free condition and by means of a mechanical pulverization method, making a hydrazide compound react with an aldehyde compound and thereby synthesizing a N-acylhydrazone compound; and 2) under a solvent-free condition, adding an iodine-based oxidizing agent to the N-acylhydrazone compound to synthesize 1,3,4-oxadiazol via oxidative cyclization. The solventless synthesis method of 1,3,4-oxadiazol according to the present invention is easy to perform and handle, and has the advantage of synthesizing 1,3,4-oxadiazol at high selectivity and yield. Also, the solventless synthesis method of the present invention can prevent the formation of side products caused by the minute amount of water that usually remains in solvents, and can further prevent synthesized intermediates from being converted back into the starting materials by the water.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016

Acylhydrazones as Widely Tunable Photoswitches

Molecular photoswitches have attracted much attention in biological and materials contexts. Despite the fact that existing classes of these highly interesting functional molecules have been heavily investigated and optimized, distinct obstacles and inherent limitations remain. Considerable synthetic efforts and complex structure-property relationships render the development and exploitation of new photoswitch families difficult. Here, we focus our attention on acylhydrazones: a novel, yet underexploited class of photochromic molecules based on the imine structural motif. We optimized the synthesis of these potent photoswitches and prepared a library of over 40 compounds, bearing different substituents in all four crucial positions of the backbone fragment, and conducted a systematic study of their photochromic properties as a function of structural variation. This modular family of organic photoswitches offers a unique combination of properties and the compounds are easily prepared on large scales within hours, through an atom-economic synthesis, from commercially available starting materials. During our thorough spectroscopic investigations, we identified photoswitches covering a wide range of thermal half-lives of their (Z)-isomers, from short-lived T-type to thermally stable P-type derivatives. By proper substitution, excellent band separation between the absorbance maxima of (E)- and (Z)-isomers in the UV or visible region could be achieved. Our library furthermore includes notable examples of rare negative photochromic systems, and we show that acylhydrazones are highly fatigue resistant and exhibit good quantum yields.

Synthesis, molecular structure and electrochemical properties of nickel(ii) benzhydrazone complexes: influence of ligand substitution on DNA/protein interaction, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity

A series of new nickel(ii) benzhydrazone complexes having the general formula [Ni(L)2] (where L = thiophene aldehyde benzhydrazone) have been synthesized via the reaction of Ni(OAc)2·4H2O with 2 equivalents of benzhydrazon

Efficient oxidative cyclization of N -acylhydrazones for the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles using t-BuOI under neutral conditions

An efficient procedure for the oxidative cyclization of N -acylhydrazones was developed utilizing tert-butyl hypoiodite (t-BuOI), which is generated in situ from t -BuOCl and NaI. A variety of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized in high yields within short reaction time. The method is also suitable for cyclization of N -acylhydrazones derived from heterocyclic aldehydes and aliphatic aldehydes. Mild reaction conditions and simple workup operations make the procedure a good alternative for the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles.