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• 100-42-5 styrene 
• 201230-82-2 carbon monoxide 
• 111-92-2 dibutylamine 
• 4119-41-9 1-iodo-3-phenylpropan 
• 2038-62-2 1-fluoro-3-phenylpropane 
• 57772-72-2 N,N-dibutyl-3-phenylpropionamide 
• 104-53-0 3-phenyl-propionaldehyde 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Iron-Catalyzed Reductive Amination of Aldehydes in Isopropyl Alcohol/Water Media as Hydrogen Sources

Reductive amination can be carried in i-PrOH/H2O as hydrogen sources using commercially available iron carbonyl complexes. Within an aqueous alkaline environment, a hydridocarboferrate is formed and its reducing potential is exploited for hydrogenation of the imine (or iminium ion) obtained in situ from aldehydes or ketones, and primary or secondary amines in almost equimolar ratio. This completely sustainable and hydrogen-free process proceeds at 100 °C using Fe3(CO)12 as catalyst precursor under convectional heating while Fe2(CO)9 gave better results when the reaction was carried out under MW dielectric heating. Both enolizable and non-enolizable aldehydes may be successfully employed in reactions with aliphatic and aromatic amines. (Figure presented.).

Nickel-Catalyzed Reduction of Secondary and Tertiary Amides

The nickel-catalyzed reduction of secondary and tertiary amides to give amine products is reported. The transformation is tolerant of extensive variation with respect to the amide substrate, proceeds in the presence of esters and epimerizable stereocenters, and can be used to achieve the reduction of lactams. Moreover, this methodology provides a simple tactic for accessing medicinally relevant α-deuterated amines.

Catalytic Iodination of the Aliphatic C-F Bond by YbI3(THF)3: Mechanistic Insight and Synthetic Utility

A facile iodination protocol of unactivated alkyl fluorides using catalytic amounts of YbI3(THF)3 in the presence of iodotrimethylsilane as a stoichiometric fluoride trapping agent is presented. 1H NMR spectroscopy demonstrates a two-step catalytic cycle where TMSI regenerates active YbI3(THF)3. Finally, the catalytic reaction is extended into a one-pot procedure to demonstrate a potential application of the method. Overall, the findings present a distinct strategy for C-F bond transformations in the presence of catalytic YbI3(THF)3.

Rhodium-catalyzed highly regioselective hydroaminomethylation of styrenes with tetraphosphorus ligands

The highly linear-selective hydroaminomethylation of styrenes is very challenging. Herein, an efficient, highly chemoselective, and linear-selective hydroaminomethylation (l/b up to >99:1) of styrenes using Rh(nbd) 2SbF6 with a pyrrole-based 3,3′,5,5′- substituted tetraphosphorus ligand is documented. This is in sharp contrast to other available processes leading to branched amines and provides a novel atom economic approach to 3-arylpropylamines.

Calix[4]arene-diphosphite rhodium complexes in solvent-free hydroaminovinylation of olefins

Under solvent-free conditions rhodium complexes containing hemispherical diphosphites based on a calix[4]arene skeleton catalyse efficiently the hydroaminovinylation of α-olefins, thereby leading to high proportions of linear enamines/amines (when startin

Highly regioselective hydroformylation with hemispherical chelators

The hemispherical diphosphites (R,R)- or (S,S)-5,11,17,23-tetratert-butyl- 25,27-di(OR)-26,28-bis(1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-dioxyphosphanyloxy) -calix[4]arene (R = OPr, OCH2Ph, OCH2-naphtyl, O-fluorenyl; R = H, R' = OPr) (LR), all with C2 symmetry, have been synthesised starting from the appropriate di-O-alkylated calix[4]-arene precursor. In the presence of [Rh(acac)(CO)2], these ligands straightforwardly provide chelate complexes in which the metal centre sits in a molecular pocket defined by two naphthyl planes related by the C 2 axis and the two apically situated R groups. Hydroformylation of octene with the LPr/Rh system turned out to be highly regioselective, the linear-to-branched (l:b) aldehyde ratio reaching 58:1. The l:b ratio significantly increased when the propyl groups were replaced by -CH 2Ph (l:b = 80) or -CH2naphthyl (1:b = 100) groups, that is, with substituents able to sterically interact with the apical metal sites, but without inducing an opening of the cleft nesting the catalytic centre. The trend to preferentially form the aldehyde the shape of which fits with the shape of the catalytic pocket was further confirmed in the hydroformylation of styrene, for which, in contrast to catalysis with conventional diphosphanes, the linear aldehyde was the major product (up to ca. 75 % linear aldehyde). In the hydroformylation of frarts-2-octene with the Lbenzyl/ Rh system, combined isomerisation/hydroformylation led to a remarkably high 1:b aldehyde ratios of 25, thus showing that isomerisation is more effective than hydroformylation. Unusually large amounts of linear products were also observed with all the above diphosphites in the tandem hydroformylation/amination of styrene (1:b of ca. 3:1) as well as in the hydroformylation of allyl benzyl ether (1:b ratio up to 20).