90055-48-4Relevant articles and documents
Copper (II) bromide catalysed one pot bromination and amination for the green, cost-effective synthesis of clopidogrel
Kumar, K. Naveen,Mhate, Mouzma,Panchami, Hirave,Ravichandiran, V.,Swain, Sharada Prasanna
, (2022/03/15)
Copper (II) bromide catalyzed one pot α-bromination and followed by amination of a benzylic ester is reported. The α-bromination of ester by copper (II) bromide generates copper (I) bromide and HBr. The copper (I) bromide is oxidized to copper (II) bromide by N-Methylmorpholine-N-Oxide (NMO) in presence of HBr. The amines undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction with α-brominated ester compound. This methodology was applied for the synthesis of the familiar antiplatelet drug clopidogrel. This green process is an alternate to classical methods for the synthesis of clopidogrel, which requires, generates stochiometric amount of brominating agents and HBr, respectively.
Electrolysis promoted reductive amination of electron-deficient aldehydes/ketones: a green route to the racemic clopidogrel
Zhang, Qianyun,Zhu, Wen,Yao, Jinzhong,Zhou, Hongwei,Li, Xiaofang
supporting information, p. 8462 - 8466 (2018/12/13)
An electrocatalytic reductive amination of electron-deficient aldehydes/ketones was developed, which could be used in the synthesis of functionalized tertiary amines and large scale preparation of racemic clopidogrel. A plausible mechanism involving an iminium cation intermediate was proposed.
Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Carbene Insertion into the N?H Bonds of Aromatic Heterocycles
Arredondo, Vanessa,Hiew, Stanley C.,Gutman, Eugene S.,Premachandra, Ilandari Dewage Udara Anulal,Van Vranken, David L.
, p. 4156 - 4159 (2017/04/03)
C3-substituted indoles and carbazoles react with α-aryl-α-diazoesters under palladium catalysis to form α-(N-indolyl)-α-arylesters and α-(N-carbazolyl)-α-arylesters. The products result from insertion of a palladium-carbene ligand into the N?H bond of the aromatic N-heterocycles. Enantioselection was achieved using a chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand, in many cases with high enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee). The method was applied to synthesize the core of a bioactive carbazole derivative in a concise manner.