93744-17-3Relevant articles and documents
Efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of (RS)-, (R)-, and (S)-bunitrolol
Banoth, Linga,Chandarrao, Bhukya,Pujala, Brahmam,Chakraborti, Asit K.,Banerjee
, p. 479 - 488 (2014/03/21)
A new chemical and the first chemoenzymatic synthesis of β-adrenergic receptor blocking agent bunitrolol is reported in racemic (RS) and enantioenriched forms (R and S). The intermediates (R)- and (S)-1-chloro-3-(2- cyanophenoxy)propan-2-ol intermediates were synthesized from the corresponding racemic alcohol through enzymatic kinetic resolution. The commercial available lipases PS-C and CCL exhibited complementary enantioselectivity during transesterification of the racemic alcohol with vinyl acetate affording the (R)-alcohol along with (S)-acetate and the (S)-alcohol along with (R)-acetate, respectively, and represent an example of enzymatic switch for reversal of enantioselectivity. The effects of various reaction parameters, such as temperature, time, substrate and enzyme concentration, and reaction medium, on the activity and enantioselectivity were optimized. The (R)- and (S)-alcohols were converted into (S)-and and (R)-bunitrolol, respectively, by treatment with tert-butylamine. The (R)- and (S)-acetates, obtained enzymatically were deacetylated to the corresponding alcohol by chemical hydrolysis and further converted into (S)-and and (R)-bunitrolol by chemical means. This is the first chemoenzymatic synthesis of both of the enantiomers of the drug. (RS)-, (R)-, and (S)-Bunitrolol were also synthesized following the 'all chemical' routes from (RS)-, (R)-, and (S)-epichlorohydrin via the corresponding (RS)-, (S)-, and (R)-2-cyanoglycidyl ether and the (RS)-, (R)-, and (S)-1-chloro-3-(2- cyanophenoxy)propan-2-ol intermediates with improved overall yields and better enantiomeric excesses compared to the reported processes.
A smart library of epoxide hydrolase variants and the top hits for synthesis of (S)-β-blocker precursors
Kong, Xu-Dong,Ma, Qian,Zhou, Jiahai,Zeng, Bu-Bing,Xu, Jian-He
supporting information, p. 6641 - 6644 (2014/07/08)
Microtuning of the enzyme active pocket has led to a smart library of epoxide hydrolase variants with an expanded substrate spectrum covering a series of typical β-blocker precursors. Improved activities of 6- to 430-fold were achieved by redesigning the active site at two predicted hot spots. This study represents a breakthrough in protein engineering of epoxide hydrolases and resulted in enhanced activity toward bulky substrates. Hot pockets: Microtuning of the enzyme active pocket gives a smart library of epoxide hydrolase variants with an expanded substrate spectrum covering a series of typical β-blocker precursors. Improved activities of 6- to 430-fold were achieved by redesigning the active site at two predicted hot spots, and enhanced activity toward bulky substrates was found.
METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS INVOLVING (S)-BUCINDOLOL
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Page/Page column 55, (2010/04/03)
Disclosed is bucindolol substantially free of its R-stereoisomer. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions that include bucindolol substantially free of its R-stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Also disclosed are methods of treating a patient that involve administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a composition of the present invention. Formula (I).
Antagonists of the calcium receptor. 2. Amino alcohol-based parathyroid hormone secretagogues
Marquis, Robert W.,Lago, Amparo M.,Callahan, James F.,Rahman, Attiq,Dong, Xiaoyang,Stroup, George B.,Hoffman, Sandra,Gowen, Maxine,DelMar, Eric G.,Van Wagenen, Bradford C.,Logan, Sarah,Shimizu, Scott,Fox, John,Nemeth, Edward F.,Roethke, Theresa,Smith, Brian R.,Ward, Keith W.,Bhatnagar, Pradip
experimental part, p. 6599 - 6605 (2010/04/03)
When administered as a single agent to rats, the previously reported calcium receptor antagonist 3 elicited a sustained elevation of plasma PTH resulting in no increase in overall bone mineral density. The lack of a bone building effect for analogue 3 was
Spontaneous resolution amongst chiral ortho-cyanophenyl glycerol derivatives: an effective preferential crystallization approach to a single enantiomer of the β-adrenoblocker bunitrolol
Bredikhina, Zemfira A.,Akhatova, Flyura S.,Zakharychev, Dmitry V.,Bredikhin, Alexander A.
, p. 1429 - 1434 (2008/12/22)
The β-adrenoblocker bunitrolol 1 as well as intermediate cyclic sulfate 6 and glycidyl ether 8 have been prepared in enantiopure form by starting from enantiopure o-cyanophenyl glycerol ether 2 by an entrainment resolution procedure. Thermal investigations reveal that 1·HCl forms a moderately stable racemic compound, whereas 2, 6 and 8 are conglomerate forming substances potentially capable of entrainment resolution. Some chemical and chiroptical characteristics for bunitrolol and possible intermediates in its synthesis were corrected, and configurations were verified with the configuration of 1·HCl.
Synthesis of an 18F-labelled high affinity β1- adrenoceptor PET radioligand based on ICI 89,406
Wagner, Stefan,Law, Marilyn P.,Riemann, Burkhard,Pike, Victor W.,Breyholz, Hans-Joerg,Hoeltke, Garsten,Faust, Andreas,Renner, Christiane,Schober, Otmar,Schaefers, Michael,Kopka, Klaus
, p. 177 - 195 (2007/10/03)
To date, some non-selective β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) positron emission tomography (PET) radioligands are in clinical use, but no PET radioligand for the selective imaging of cardiac β1-ARs is clinically available. Therefore, the aim of this study
Synthesis of (R)- and (S)-[O-methyl-11C]N-[2-[3-(2-cyano- phenoxy) -2-hydroxy-propylamino]-ethyl]-N′-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-urea as candidate high affinity β1-adrenoceptor PET radioligands
Wagner, Stefan,Law, Marilyn P.,Riemann, Burkhard,Pike, Victor W.,Breyholz, Hans-Joerg,Hoeltke, Carsten,Faust, Andreas,Schober, Otmar,Schaefers, Michael,Kopka, Klaus
, p. 721 - 733 (2007/10/03)
Molecular imaging and quantification of myocardial β1- adrenoceptor (AR) rather than total β-AR density is of great clinical interest since cardiac biopsy studies suggest that myocardial β1-AR density is reduced in patients with chro
A FACILE ENANTIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF AN ARYLOXYPROPANOLAMINE β-BLOCKER THROUGH A TWO-STEP CONVERSION OF 1,3-DIOXOLANES INTO EPOXIDES
Nicola, Massimo,Depaoli, Adele,Inglesi, Marco
, p. 393 - 396 (2007/10/02)
A facile and convenient synthesis of the two enantiomers of P-0160, an aryloxypropanolamine β-blocker, is presented.The key step is the reaction of a chiral isopropylideneglycerol derivative with hydrobromic acid in acetic acid to afford a 2-acetoxy-1-bro