947-92-2Relevant articles and documents
Genotoxic effects of N-nitrosodicyclohexylamine in isolated human lymphocytes
Westphal, Goetz A.,Mueller, Michael M.,Herting, Claudia,Buenger, Juergen,Hallier, Ernst
, p. 118 - 122 (2001)
Dicyclohexylamine × nitrite is classified as an experimental equivocal tumorigenic agent by the National Toxicology Program. Since no genotoxic effects of the substance itself are known, the reported tumorigenic potential of dicyclohexylamine × nitrite could be due to generation of N-nitrosodicyclohexylamine (N-NO-DCHA), which occurs under conditions of use and can be detected in foils that contain dicyclohexylamine × nitrite. Therefore, we investigated possible mutagenic properties of N-NO-DCHA in the Ames test and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay with human lymphocytes. Since N-NO-DCHA is not commercially available, the substance was synthesized and purified by thin-layer chromatography. Identity was confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) and 1H- and 13C-NMR. More than 97% purity was achieved. Stability and availability in the solvent were checked by GC/MS. N-NO-DCHA induced micronuclei in isolated human lymphocytes at a dose range of 15-100 μg/ml (= 71.4-476.2 μM), exceeding the base rate significantly at one or two nontoxic concentrations in four out of six experiments. For the Ames test, arochlor-1254-, β-naphthoflavone/phenobarbital- and pyrazole-induced S9-fractions were used with Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA1535, TA98 and TA104. No effects were seen in the Ames test, with the exception of microcolony induction at doses higher than 250 μg (= 1.2 mmol) N-NO-DCHA/plate using TA104 and 20% arochlor-1254 induced S9 at pH 6.5. In conclusion, N-NO-DCHA was negative in the Ames test using TA98, TA100 and TA1535, inconclusive using TA104, and weakly genotoxic in the in vitro micronucleus test with isolated human lymphocytes. With regard to the tumorigenicity of the majority of nitrosamines, our data underline the necessity of further studies on possible genotoxic effects of N-NO-DCHA.
The Use of Potassium/Sodium Nitrite as a Nitrosating Agent in the Electrooxidative N-Nitrosation of Secondary Amines
Chen, Zuxing,Gao, Meng,Lu, Cuifen,Ma, Chao,Ruan, Mengyao,Wang, Feiyi,Wang, Ying,Yang, Guichun,You, Shiqi
supporting information, p. 3289 - 3293 (2021/07/02)
We report herein on the electrochemical N-nitrosation of secondary amines using widely available sodium/potassium nitrite as a nitrosating agent. This approach not only eliminates the need for using a combination of sodium/potassium and a strong acid but also has good functional group tolerance. The reaction is compatible with the late-stage modification of pharmaceutical compounds and could be conducted in gram scale with a high reaction efficiency. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the N-nitrosation occurs via the anodic oxidation of KNO2 into an NO2 radical which is then transformed into an NO+ cation.
Substrate promiscuity of ortho-naphthoquinone catalyst: Catalytic aerobic amine oxidation protocols to deaminative cross-coupling and n-nitrosation
Kim, Hun Young,Oh, Kyungsoo,Si, Tengda
, p. 9216 - 9221 (2019/10/08)
ortho-Naphthoquinone-based organocatalysts have been identified as versatile aerobic oxidation catalysts. Primary amines were readily cross-coupled with primary nitroalkanes via deaminative pathway to give nitroalkene derivatives in good to excellent yields. Secondary and tertiary amines were inert to ortho-naphthoquinone catalysts; however, secondary nitroalkanes were readily converted by ortho-naphthoquinone catalysts to the corresponding nitrite species that in situ oxidized the amines to the corresponding N-nitroso compounds. Without using harsh oxidants in a stoichiometric amount, the present catalytic aerobic oxidation protocol utilizes the substrate promiscuity feature to provide a facile access to amine oxidation products under mild reaction conditions.
Oxone-sodium nitrite mediated N-nitrosamines formation under mild conditions from secondary amines
Gaur, Pinki,Banerjee, Shaibal
, p. 2270 - 2279 (2019/07/03)
Herein, we report an efficient synthesis of N-nitrosamines from cyclic, aliphatic, benzylic, and aromatic secondary amines via a novel straightforward, efficient, and mild chemical process using sodium nitrite and Oxone in methanol as a solvent at 0–5 °C. The demonstrated methodology accounts well for the parameters like cost-effective, short reaction time, clean and safe handling along with good to excellent yields.
An efficient synthesis of: N -nitrosamines under solvent, metal and acid free conditions using tert -butyl nitrite
Chaudhary, Priyanka,Gupta, Surabhi,Muniyappan, Nalluchamy,Sabiah, Shahulhameed,Kandasamy, Jeyakumar
supporting information, p. 2323 - 2330 (2016/05/19)
Synthesis of various N-nitroso compounds from secondary amines is reported using tert-butyl nitrite (TBN) under solvent free conditions. Broad substrate scope, metal and acid free conditions, easy isolation procedure and excellent yields are few important features of this methodology. The acid labile protecting groups such as tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) and tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) as well as sensitive functional groups such as phenols, olefins and alkynes are found to be stable under the standard reaction conditions. Besides N-nitrosation, TBN is also found to be an efficient reagent in few other transformations including aryl hydrazines to aryl azides and primary amides to carboxylic acids under mild conditions.
N-nitrosation of secondary amines using supported perchloric acid on silica gel and stereoselectivity study of nitrosated products
Goudarziafshar, Hamid,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Hadian, Laila
, p. 1272 - 1276 (2014/04/03)
N-Nitrosation of different types of secondary amines has been proceeded using supported perchloric acid on silica gel and sodiume nitrite under heterogeneous conditions. The operational system is simple and high pure products can be easily isolated with good to high yields.
Facile N-nitrosation of secondary amines using poly(N,N'-dibromo-Nethylene- benzene-1,3-disulfonamide) and N,N,N′,N′-tetrabromobenzene-1,3- disulfonamide/NaNO2 under mild conditions
Ghorbani-Vaghei, Ramin,Shiri, Lotfi,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash
, p. 204 - 208 (2013/07/26)
In this research project, a combination of poly(N,N′-dibromo-N- ethylene-benzene-1,3-disulfonamide) [PBBS] and/or (N,N,N′,N′- tetrabromobenzene-1,3-disulfonamide) [TBBDA] with sodium nitrite in the presence of wet SiO2 (50% w/w) was used as an efficient nitrosating agent for the conversion of secondary amines to their corresponding nitroso compounds. N-Nitrosation reaction has been performed in dichloromethane at room temperature under mild and heterogeneous conditions. The reaction is operationally simple and corresponding products were achieved in good to excellent yields.
Iodide-catalyzed synthesis of N-nitrosamines via C-N cleavage of nitromethane
Zhang, Jie,Jiang, Jiewen,Li, Yuling,Wan, Xiaobing
, p. 11366 - 11372 (2013/12/04)
An iodide-catalyzed process to synthesize N-nitrosamines has been developed using TBHP as the oxidant. The mild catalytic system succeeded in cleaving the carbon-nitrogen bond in nitromethane. This methodology uses commercially available, inexpensive catalysts and oxidants and has a wide substrate scope and operational simplicity.
N-nitrosation of secondary amines using p-TSA-NaNO2 as a novel nitrosating agent under mild conditions
Borikar, Sanjay P.,Paul, Vincent
experimental part, p. 654 - 660 (2011/02/27)
A combination of p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) and sodium nitrite was used as a novel effective nitrosating agent for the N-nitrosation of secondary amines to their corresponding nitroso derivatives under mild and heterogeneous conditions in moderate to excellent yields.
The reaction of nitrosodicyclohexylamine with organolithiums
Vazquez, Alvaro J.,Rodriguez, Cristian,Nudelman, N. Sbarbati
experimental part, p. 1098 - 1104 (2009/10/26)
The detailed study of the reaction of N-nitrosamines with organolithium compounds, under different reaction conditions, allowed the development of a useful methodology for the synthesis of substituted hydrazones and trialkyl hydrazines. The reaction proved to be very sensitive to the reaction conditions, and different main products can be obtained by ine tuning of several variables. With the purpose of searching into the reaction mechanism, a careful isolation, characterization, and quantitative determination of several minor products was carried out. N,N-dicyclohexylamine, N-cyclohexylidencyclohexyl amine, and N,N,N′-dicydohexylalkylhydrazines, were the main side products identified after the work up of the reaction mixtures. With the same aim, the kinetics of the reaction of N-nitrosodicyclohexylamine with n-BuLi, was determined at temperatures in the range 0°C room temperature. Under the conditions leading to the trialkyl hydrazine, the results show an abrupt slowdown of the reaction rate, after a short reaction time. This result, together with other observations, such as the recovering of hydrazone even when using high [RLi], is indicative of equilibrium involving different species in the reaction mixture. The isolation of reduction products, as well as additional experiments carried out with lithium dialkylamides and NO, allowed suggestion of an overall mechanistic scheme for the complex consecutive and parallel reactions, that is consistent with the afforded evidences. Copyright
