2362-50-7Relevant articles and documents
Alkaline hydrolysis of N-bromoiminothianthrene derivatives
Kawaguchi, Hiroyuki,Nakajima, Akitaka,Fujii, Takayoshi,Kim, Bung Ju,Hashimoto, Junko,Fujimoto, Akihiro,Yoshimura, Toshiaki,Morita, Hiroyuki
, p. 10907 - 10913 (2006)
5-(N-Bromo)iminothianthrene (2) and 5-(N-bromo)iminothianthrene 10-oxide (5) and 10,10-dioxide (8) were prepared and their alkaline hydrolyses were studied. The compound 2 and cis-5-(N-bromo)iminothianthrene 10-oxide (cis-5) afforded the corresponding sulfoximine exclusively. While, unexpectedly, both trans-5-(N-bromo)iminothianthrene 10-oxide (trans-5) and 8 afforded mainly de-brominated products, trans-5-iminothianthrene 10-oxide (trans-4) and 5-iminothianthrene 10,10-dioxide (7), respectively. In these cases, 5-iminothianthrene 5,10-dioxide (6) (Z- and E-mixture) and 5-iminothianthrene 5,10,10-trioxide (9) and further de-iminated products were also formed respectively as minor products. The stereochemical considerations on the SN reactions are described in view of the steric effect and 'flip-flap' motion of the thianthrene framework.
Electron-Transfer Photochemistry of Thianthrene. Nucleophile-Assisted Photooxidation to Sulfoxide
Jones, Guilford,Huang, Bin,Griffin, Susan F.
, p. 2035 - 2042 (1993)
The photochemistry of thianthrene (1) in the presence of a variety of electron acceptors in acetonitrile/water has been investigated.Diffusion-limited rates of fluorescence quenching were observed on excitation of 1 (with fumaronitrile and with methyl phthalate).Alternatively, addition of 1 led to quenching of the fluorescence emission of ketones, biacetyl, and fluorenone and to the quenching of the excited triplet states of quinones such as 2,5-dichloro-p-benzoquinone (5) and 9,10-anthraquinone (3).Steady irradiation of 1 with selected acceptors results in photooxidation yielding the sulfoxide (2) and the expected photoreduction products.The electron-transfer mechanisms were further studied by laser flash photolysis.The quenching of ketone triplets by 1 resulted in formation of the radical cation of 1 (λmax 540 nm).The decay of this species and its dependence on the concentration of water present were determined; the bimolecular rate constant for trapping of 1.+ by water in acetonitrile-water solutions is 4.9x104 M-1s-1 under conditions in which 5 acts as a sensitizer.The nucleophilic trapping of the 1 radical cation by imidazole (k=3.6x107 M-1s-1) was also investigated.The mechanism of photoinduced two-electron oxidation of 1 and the role played by nucleophiles in facilitating the reaction are discussed in detail.
Complete regioselective formation of 2-(arylsulfinyl)diphenyl sulfides from 5-arylthianthreniumyl perchlorates
Kim, Jongyup,Kim, Kab Sig,Kim, Kyongtae
, p. 617 - 622 (1999)
Treatment of 5-arylthianthreniumyl perchlorates with potassium tert- butoxide in dimethyl sulfoxide at room temperature gave 2- (arylsulfinyl)diphenyl sulfides (29-79% yields), which are the first examples for complete regioselective formation of S-monoxides from unsymmetrical arylthiodiphenyl sulfides.
Photo SN-bond cleavage and related reactions of thianthrene sulfilimine derivatives
Fujita, Tomoyuki,Kamiyama, Hideo,Osawa, Yasushi,Kawaguchi, Hiroyuki,Kim, Bung Ju,Tatami, Atsushi,Kawashima, Wataru,Maeda, Tetsuo,Nakanishi, Atsushi,Morita, Hiroyuki
, p. 7708 - 7716 (2008/02/07)
Several 1- and 2-substituted thianthrene sulfilimine derivatives were prepared and the selectivity toward oxidation and N-tosylimination under several conditions was studied. In the photolysis of trans-5-(N-p-tosyl)iminothianthrene 10-oxide (trans-10), photo isomerization to cis-10 was observed. Further, photoimino-transfer reaction of sulfilimines and their 10-mono- and -dioxide derivatives to sulfides was intensively studied to make clear the ability as nitrene precursors.
Mono- and bisadducts from the addition of thianthrene cation radical salts to cycloalkenes and alkenes
Qian, Ding-Quan,Shine, Henry J.,Guzman-Jimenez, Ilse Y.,Thurston, John H.,Whitmire, Kenton H.
, p. 4030 - 4039 (2007/10/03)
Thianthrene cation radical salts, Th.+ X-(X- = a, ClO4-; b, PF6-; c, SbF6-), add to cycloalkenes (C5-C8) in acetonitrile (MeCN) to form 1,2-bis(5-thianthreniumyl)cycloalkane salts and 1,2-(5,10-thianthreniumdiyl)cycloalkane salts, most of which have now been isolated and characterized. These are called bis- (3, 6, 9, 12) and monoadducts (4, 7, 10, 13). The proportional amount of the monoadduct obtained in the initial stage of the reaction varied with the cycloalkene in the order C6 ? C5 7 ? C8. Thus, the ratio bis:mono for C5 and C7 was, respectively, about 80/20 and 50/50. In contrast, only about 5% of the C6 monoadduct (7a) and none of 7b, c was obtained, while for C8 none of the bisadducts 12a-c was found. Bisadducts 3 and 9 lost thianthrene (Th) slowly in MeCN solution and changed into monoadducts 4 and 10. A comparable change from 6a into 7a was not observed. The monoadducts, themselves, lost a proton slowly in dry MeCN and opened into 1-(5-thianthreniumyl)cycloalkenes (5, 8, 11, 14). With 3 and 9, particularly, it was possible to follow with NMR spectroscopy the succession of changes, for example, 3 to 4 to 5. The opening of a monoadduct was made faster by adding a small amount of water to the solution. The bisadducts of 4-methylcyclohexene (15a) and 1,5- cyclooctadiene (17a) were isolated and characterized. Although a small amount of monodduct (16a) of 4-methylcyclohexene was found with NMR spectroscopy, it could not be isolated. Bis- and monoadducts were obtained also in additions of Th.+ ClO4- to acyclic alkenes, in relative amounts that, again, varied with the alkene. From cis-2-butene the dominant product was the bisadduct (18), while the monoaduct (19) was characterized with NMR spectroscopy but could not be isolated. In contrast, trans-3-hexene gave mainly the monoadduct (21), while the bis adduct (20) could not be isolated. With 4-methyl-cis-2-pentene, both bis- (22) and monoadduct (23) were isolated, the former being dominant. The conversion of 18 into 19 was characterized with NMR spectroscopy. In all cycloalkene bisadducts, the configurational relationship of the two thianthrenium groups was trans, while in the monoadducts, the bonds to the single thianthrene dication were (necessarily) cis. In both bis- and monoadducts of acyclic alkenes, the configuration of the alkene was retained. The mechanisms of addition with retention of configuration, of conversion of a bis- into a monoadduct, and of opening of a monoadduct are discussed. Products were identified with a combination of NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, elemental analysis, and (for cycloalkene adducts) reaction with thiophenoxide ion.
Reactions of nucleophiles with 5-(alkoxy)thianthrenium ions
Liu, Bo,Shine, Henry J.,Zhao, Wenyi
, p. 827 - 836 (2007/10/03)
Reactions of 5-(alkoxy)thianthrenium perchlorates (1) with weakly basic nucleophiles Br-, I- and PhS- (X-) in MeCN and DMSO led to SN2 substitution, E2C elimination, and reaction at sulfornium sulfur to extents depending on the structure of the alkoxy group (RO) in 1 and the nucleophile. Three types of reaction occurred with R = cyclopentyl (1a), cyclohexyl (1b), cis- (1c) and trans- 4-methylcyclohexyl (1d) and cycloheptyl (1e), and X- = Br and I-. That is, SN2 reaction gave RX and thianithrene 5-oxide (ThO), E2C reaction gave cycloalkene and ThO and reaction at sulfonium sulfur gave X2, thianthrene (Th) and cycloalkanol (ROH). Earlier work with R = Me (1f) and Et (1g) and X- = I-. Br- had shown that only SN2 reaction occurred. In contrast with reactions of halide ions, reactions of PhS- with 1b-g occurred only at sulfonium sulfur, giving Th, ROH and PhSSPh (DPDS). For comparison with 1, reactions of Ph2S+OMe (2) with I- and PhS- were carried out. Reaction with I- gave only Ph2S=O and Mel (SN2), Reaction with PhS- gave very little PhSMe (SN2) but mainly Ph2S, MeOH, and DPDS from reaction at sulfonium sulfur. The differences in nucleophilic pathways (PhS- vs Br- and I-) in reactions with 1 and 2 are attributed to differences in thiophilicities of the nucleophiles. The thiophilicity of PhS- dominates its reactions with 1 and 2. The direction toward products (Th, ROH and DPDS) in these reactions is compounded by the ease of displacement of alkoxide from 1 and 2 by PhS-, and the ease with which, subsequently, thiophilic PhS- attacks sulfenyl sulfur in the resulting phenylthiosulfonium ion. Copyright
Primary and secondary 5-(alkyloxy)thianthrenium perchlorates. Characterization with 1H NMR spectroscopy, reactions with iodide and bromide ion, and thermal decomposition in solution
Zhao, Wenyi,Shine, Henry J.
, p. 695 - 702 (2007/10/03)
A series of 5-(alkyloxy)thianthrenium perchlorates has been made in which the alkyl group is primary (1a-1p) and secondary (2a-2g). Preparations were carded out by reaction of the corresponding alkanol with thianthrene cation radical perchlorate in CH2Cl2 solution followed by precipitation of the perchlorate salt with dry ether. 1H NMR spectroscopy reveals that the presence of a stereogenic center in the alkyl group causes inequivalence in the ordinarily paired protons (e.g., H-4, H-6) of the thianthrenium ring. Reaction of iodide and bromide ion with primary alkyl-group compounds (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl) gave the alkyl halide in very good yield and by a second-order kinetic displacement. The second product was thianthrene 5- oxide (ThO). Rate constants for some of these reactions are reported. Reaction of secondary alkyl group compounds (e.g., 2-propyl, 2-pentyl, 2- hexyl, and 3-hexyl) with iodide ion gave good yields of alkyl iodide but also increasing evidence for a side reaction at the sulfonium sulfur, leading to I2, thianthrene, and secondary alkanol. Decomposition of some compounds at 100°C in solution (acetonitrile or 1,2-dichloroethane) was studied and gave alkene(s) and ThO.
Structure and Thermal Decomposition of Some 5-(Cyclohexyloxy)thianthreniumyl Perchlorates
Zhao, Wenyi,Shine, Henry J.,Whittlesey, Bruce R.
, p. 8693 - 8701 (2007/10/03)
Five sets of cis- and trans-substituted cyclohexanols were used for reaction with thianthrene cation radical perchlorate, namely, cis- and trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diol, cis- and trans-2-methyl-, 3-methyl-, and 4-methylcyclohexanol, and cis,cis- and trans,trans-3,5-dimethylcyclohexanol. Reaction in CH2-Cl2 solution and precipitation with ether gave the corresponding crystalline 5-(cyclohexyloxy)-thianthreniumyl perchlorate salts. The configuration of each salt in CDCl3 was shown by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to correspond with the configuration of the cyclohexanol from which it was made. X-ray Ortep diagrams of four of the salts confirmed the structure deduced from NMR spectroscopy. In the NMR, inequivalence of the 1H and 13C signals from the thianthreniumyl 4-and 6-, 1- and 9-, 2- and 8-, and 3- and 7-positions was found when the 1′-position of the cyclohexyl ring was stereogenic. In the four Ortep diagrams, the orientation of the S-O bond was psuedoaxial. Thermal decomposition of the salts made from the monosubstituted cyclohexanols at 100°C in CH3CN solution gave products consistent with the assigned structures.
Reactions of Phenols with Thianthrene Cation Radical
Shin, Seung-Rim,Shine, Henry J.
, p. 2706 - 2710 (2007/10/02)
The phenols 2-R1-6-R2-phenol 1a-g in which R1 = R2 = tert-butyl, methyl, isopropyl, Cl, Br, F, and H reacted with thianthrene cation radical perchlorate (TH+ClO4-) to give 5-(4-hydroxyaryl)thianthreniumyl perchlorates 2a-g in good yield. o-Allylphenol (1i) behaved similarly. o-tert-Butylphenol (1h) gave both 5-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)thianthreniumyl perchlorate (2h) and a quinonoidal perchlorate (3), namely, 5-(3-thianthreniumyl-5-tert-butyl-6-oxo-2,4-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene)-5,5-dihydrothianthrene perchlorate.The 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-R3-phenols 4a-c, R3 = tert-butyl, methoxy, and methyl, reacted with Th+ClO4- in nitrile solvents (RCN) to give 2-R-5-R3-7-tert-butylbenzoxazoles 5a-e.The tert-butyl group that was displaced by RCN in forming 5 was converted into t-BuNHCOR (8), tert-butyl alcohol, and isobutene.In contrast, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol (9) gave, in CH3CN, 4-tert-butyl-2,5,7-trimethylbenzoxazole (11), that is, with migration of the displaced tert-butyl group.The reactions of 4-tert-butylphenol (14) and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (17) are also described.
