Reference

Biological evaluation of some ionophore-polymeric chelator combinations for reducing iron overload

Biological evaluation of some ionophore-polymeric chelator combinations for reducing iron overload. Tyson, C. A.; LeValley, S. E.; Chan, R.; Hobbs, P. D.; Dawson, M. I. (Toxicol. Bio-Org. Chem. Lab., SRI Int., Menlo Park, CA, USA). J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 228(3), 676-81 (English) 1984. CODEN: JPETAB. ISSN: 0022-3565. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) The potential efficacy of drug combinations that employ an ionophore to mobilize excess hepatic Fe and transport it to the gut for chelation to nonabsorbable polymers and excretion was evaluated in 3 ways: (1) two-phase partition expts. to assess the ionophoretic capability of lipid-sol. Fe(III)-chelators; (2) in vitro screening with Fe-loaded hepatocyte cultures; and (3) evaluation in Fe-dextran-loaded mice given a low-Fe-contg. diet for maximal sensitivity. In the partition expts. desferal (DF) [138-14-7], (desferri)ferrichrome [34787-28-5], pyridoxyl isonicotinoylhydrazone (PINH) [737-86-0], 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid [303-38-8], cholhydroxamic acid [13254-09-6], and caffeic acid [331-39-5] were effective to varying degrees in transferring Fe(III) from an aq. to an org. hydrophobic phase. PINH, the most effective, combined with poly(vinylamine-vinyl(2,3-dihydroxybenzenecarboxamide)-vinyl sulfonate (DHBP) [89952-60-3] increased net 59Fe release from Fe-loaded hepatocytes above the sum of that released by each drug alone and comparable with DF-induced levels. In the mouse bioassay, the combination of PINH (8.1 mg/kg) and DHBP (170 mg/kg 2 times daily) caused a 32% increase in fecal Fe output, comparable with total Fe excretion with DF, but higher doses were toxic and lower doses ineffective.Except for chemicals metioned above, 331-39-5 and 89973-51-3 are also used. Furthermore, >5% of the total Fe load administered was excreted during the 4-day treatment period by either DF or the PINH-DHBP drug combination. .

Removal of aluminum from chronic dialysis patients by administration of desferrioxamine and dialysis

Removal of aluminum from chronic dialysis patients by administration of desferrioxamine and dialysis. Ono, Toshihiko; Iwamoto, Noriyuki; Kataoka, Hiroshi; Taniguchi, Yasuo; Sakai, Yoshitada; Kunitomo, Tetsunosuke (Kidney Cent., Kyoto 1st Red Cross Hosp., Kyoto, Japan). ASAIO Trans., 32(1), 52-7 (English) 1986. CODEN: ASATEJ. ISSN: 0889-7190. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 63 (Pharmaceuticals) A method for removal of Al from chronic dialysis patients by i.v. administration of desferrioxamine B mesylate (I) [138-14-7] was developed. However, I infusion caused rises in plasma Al levels (regarded as indicating the elution of accumulated Al). Plasma levels increased most in long-term patients and those with bone pain. Examn. of Al clearances showed that this increased plasma Al content passed through conventional dialysis membrane (Cuprophane) at levels >80 mg/L, and that a leaky membrane, i.e. poly(Me methacrylate) [9011-14-7], was more effective for removal of Al as well as I. Although a 1:1 complex between Al and I in aq. soln. was confirmed in vitro, the formation of Al-rich complexes in vivo was suggested. 7429-90-5 and 7439-89-6 are just another two chemicals used in this study. Thus, Al-I complex formed in vivo can be effectively removed across the leaky membrane. .