Reference

Effects of intraruminal administration of polyol to sheep

Effects of intraruminal administration of polyol to sheep. Lister, Cliff J.; Smithard, Ronald R. (Dep. Agric. Biochem. Nutr., Univ. Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK). J. Sci. Food Agric., 35(1), 21-8 (English) 1984. CODEN: JSFAAE. ISSN: 0022-5142. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 18 (Animal Nutrition) In-vitro incubations were used to study the effect of intraruminal administration of a mixt. of the polyhydric alcs., arabinitol [2152-56-9], xylitol [87-99-0], galactitol [608-66-2], mannitol [69-65-8], and sorbitol [50-70-4], on fermn. pattern and the fate of the polyhydric alcs. Incubations were carried out with rumen fluid taken from sheep before receiving polyol and after 2 and 3 wk of intraruminal administration of 2.12 g polyol/kg live wt.0.75 per day to observe effects of adaptation. Inclusion of polyol in incubations with unadapted rumen fluid had little effect on the volatile fatty acid pattern. However, with adaptation there was a shift in the fermn. pattern in the presence of polyol towards a higher acetate:propionate ratio. The hexitols rapidly disappeared in all the incubations, while the pentitols were more resistant to fermn. Significantly faster fermn. of arabinitol by rumen fluid from sheep which had received polyol indicated that adaptation had taken place. In the incubations with adapted microbes, xylitol was more resistant to fermn. than arabinitol; after 6 h incubation, ~50% the xylitol and only 20% of the arabinitol remained unfermented. Anal. of duodenal digesta from adapted sheep which were receiving polyol showed that most of the small amt. of pentitols which entered the small intestine did so within 2-3 h of dosing. Despite the apparent resistance of pentitols to rumen fermn., only 1.0% of the arabinitol and 1.Except for chemicals metioned above, 608-66-2 and 69-65-8 are also used.8% of the xylitol in the daily dose entered the small intestine. .

[14C]oxalate formation from [U-14C]glucose and [U-14C]xylitol in isolated rat hepatocytes

[14C]oxalate formation from [U-14C]glucose and [U-14C]xylitol in isolated rat hepatocytes. Ogawa, Yoshihide; Takahashi, Shigeki; Kitagawa, Ryuichi (Sch. Med., Juntendo Univ., Tokyo, Japan). Jpn. J. Nephrol., 25(9), 1079-82 (English) 1983.Several reagents with their cas registry numbers 87-99-0 and 50-99-7 are used here. CODEN: NJGKAU. ISSN: 0385-2385. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 13 (Mammalian Biochemistry) Section cross-reference(s): 14 Xylitol infusion in humans is known to increase urinary oxalate. As the liver has been identified as a major site of oxalate synthesis in the rat, isolated normal rat hepatocytes were used to demonstrate that [14C]oxalate is produced from [U-14C]xylitol and [U-14C] glucose. Oxalate prodn. was linearly dependent on xylitol concns. from 0.5 mM to 10 mM; this tendency was also obsd. for glucose. There was not much difference in oxalate prodn. from the 2 substrates. Moreover, [14C]oxalate prodn. from [U-14C]xylitol was proportional to the time course for ￡3 h. .